SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005
Commission file number 1-12672
AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Maryland
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  77-0404318
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
2900 Eisenhower Avenue, Suite 300
Alexandria, Virginia 22314
(Address of principal executive office, including zip code)
(703) 329-6300
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
     
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share
8.70% Series H Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock,
par value $.01 per share
(Title of each class)
  New York Stock Exchange, Pacific Exchange
New York Stock Exchange, Pacific Exchange

(Name of each exchange on which registered)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes x          No o
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes o          No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding twelve (12) months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past ninety (90) days.
Yes x          No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the Exchange registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
Large accelerated filer x          Accelerated filer o          Non-accelerated filer o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
Yes o          No x
The aggregate market value of the Registrant’s Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, held by nonaffiliates of the Registrant, as of June 30, 2005 was $5,921,051,876.
The number of shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, outstanding as of January 31, 2006 was 73,998,786.
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Portions of AvalonBay Communities, Inc.’s Proxy Statement for the 2006 annual meeting of stockholders, a definitive copy of which will be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the year end of the year covered by this Form 10-K, are incorporated by reference herein as portions of Part III of this Form 10-K.
 
 

 


 

TABLE OF CONTENTS
             
   
 
  PAGE
   
 
       
PART I
   
 
       
ITEM 1.  
BUSINESS
    1  
   
 
       
ITEM 1a.  
RISK FACTORS
    7  
   
 
       
ITEM 1b.  
UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
    14  
   
 
       
ITEM 2.  
COMMUNITIES
    15  
   
 
       
ITEM 3.  
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
    38  
   
 
       
ITEM 4.  
SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
    39  
   
 
       
PART II
   
 
       
ITEM 5.  
MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY
SECURITIES
    40  
   
 
       
ITEM 6.  
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
    41  
   
 
       
ITEM 7.  
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
    44  
   
 
       
ITEM 7a.  
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT
MARKET RISK
    62  
   
 
       
ITEM 8.  
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
    64  
   
 
       
ITEM 9.  
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
    64  
   
 
       
ITEM 9a.  
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
    64  
   
 
       
ITEM 9b.  
OTHER INFORMATION
    64  
   
 
       
PART III
   
 
       
ITEM 10.  
DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF REGISTRANT
    65  
   
 
       
ITEM 11.  
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
    65  
   
 
       
ITEM 12.  
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
    65  
   
 
       
ITEM 13.  
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
    66  
   
 
       
ITEM 14.  
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
    66  
   
 
       
PART IV
   
 
       
ITEM 15.  
EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE
    67  
   
 
       
SIGNATURES     73  

 


 

PART I
This Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Our actual results could differ materially from those set forth in each forward-looking statement. Certain factors that might cause such a difference are discussed in this report, included in the section entitled “Forward-Looking Statements” on page 61 of this Form 10-K. You should also review Item 1a., “Risk Factors,” for a discussion of various risks that could adversely affect us.
ITEM 1.          BUSINESS
General
AvalonBay Communities, Inc. is a Maryland corporation that has elected to be treated as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, for federal income tax purposes. We engage in the development, redevelopment, acquisition, ownership and operation of multifamily communities in high barrier-to-entry markets of the United States. These barriers-to-entry generally include a difficult and lengthy entitlement process with local jurisdictions and dense urban or suburban areas where zoned and entitled land is in limited supply. Our markets are located in the Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, Midwest, Pacific Northwest, and Northern and Southern California regions of the United States. We focus on these markets because we believe that, long term, the limited new supply of apartment homes and lower housing affordability in these markets will result in larger increases in cash flows relative to other markets over an entire business cycle. In addition to increasing the rental revenues of our operating assets, we believe these market attributes will increase the value of our operating assets and enable us to create additional value through the development and selective acquisition of multifamily housing.
At January 31, 2006, we owned or held a direct or indirect ownership interest in:
  •   140 operating apartment communities containing 40,939 apartment homes in ten states and the District of Columbia, of which two communities containing 506 apartment homes were under reconstruction;
 
  •   15 communities under construction that are expected to contain an aggregate of 4,062 apartment homes when completed; and
 
  •   rights to develop an additional 47 communities that, if developed in the manner expected, will contain an estimated 12,495 apartment homes.
We generally obtain ownership in an apartment community by developing a new community on vacant land or by acquiring and either repositioning or redeveloping an existing community. In selecting sites for development, redevelopment or acquisition, we favor locations that are near expanding employment centers and convenient to recreation areas, entertainment, shopping and dining.
Our real estate investments consist of the following reportable segments: Established Communities, Other Stabilized Communities and Development/Redevelopment Communities. Established Communities are generally operating communities that are consolidated for financial reporting purposes and that were owned and had stabilized occupancy and operating expenses as of the beginning of the prior year. Other Stabilized Communities are generally all other operating communities that have stabilized occupancy and operating expenses as of the beginning of the current year, but that had not achieved stabilization as of the beginning of the prior year. Development/ Redevelopment Communities consist of communities that are under construction, communities where substantial redevelopment is in progress or is planned to begin during the current year and communities under lease-up. A more detailed description of these segments and other related information can be found in Note 9, “Segment Reporting,” of the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Item 8 of this report.
Our principal financial goal is to increase long-term stockholder value by successfully and cost-effectively developing, redeveloping, acquiring, owning and operating high-quality communities in our selected markets that contain features and amenities desired by residents, as well as by providing our residents with efficient and effective service. To help fulfill this goal, we regularly (i) monitor our investment allocation by geographic market and product type, (ii) develop, redevelop and acquire apartment communities in high barrier-to-entry markets with growing or high potential for demand and high for-sale housing costs, (iii) selectively sell apartment communities that no longer meet our long-term strategy or when opportunities are presented to realize a portion of the value

1


 

created through our investment and redeploy the proceeds from those sales, and (iv) endeavor to maintain a capital structure that is aligned with our business risks such that we maintain continuous access to cost-effective capital. Our long-term strategy is to more deeply penetrate the high barrier-to-entry markets in our chosen regions with a broad range of products and services and an intense focus on our customer. A substantial majority of our current communities are upscale, which generally command among the highest rents in their markets. However, we also pursue the ownership and operation of apartment communities that target a variety of customer segments and price points, consistent with our goal of offering a broad range of products and services.
During the three years ended December 31, 2005, we acquired nine apartment communities, disposed of 25 apartment communities, and completed the development of 21 apartment communities and the redevelopment of four apartment communities. In anticipation of continued improvement in apartment fundamentals and to help position us for future growth, we increased our construction volume during 2005 (as measured by total projected capitalized cost at completion) and continued to secure new development opportunities, including the acquisition of land for future development. We also acquired communities that we believe we can redevelop or reposition, or take advantage of market cycle timing and improved operating performance, to create value. These communities were acquired through the institutional discretionary investment fund that we manage and own an interest in. As a result of strong capital flows to the industry and the strength of the condominium market, we also continued to dispose of assets at prices that enabled significant realized gains on cost.
In 2006, we expect our construction underway to exceed 2005 levels, and we will continue to selectively acquire additional communities through the Fund. We anticipate additional asset sales, but at reduced levels compared to 2005. The level of development, acquisition and disposition activity, however, is heavily influenced by capital market conditions, including prevailing interest rates. A further discussion of our development, redevelopment, disposition, acquisition, property management and related strategies follows.
Development Strategy. We carefully select land for development and follow established procedures that we believe minimize both the cost and the risks of development. As one of the largest developers of multifamily apartment communities in high barrier-to-entry markets of the United States, we identify development opportunities through local market presence and access to local market information achieved through our regional offices. In addition to our principal executive office in Alexandria, Virginia, we also maintain regional offices and administrative or specialty offices in or near the following cities:
  •   Boston, Massachusetts;
 
  •   Chicago, Illinois;
 
  •   Long Island, New York;
 
  •   New Canaan, Connecticut;
 
  •   New York, New York;
 
  •   Newport Beach, California;
 
  •   San Jose, California;
 
  •   Seattle, Washington; and
 
  •   Woodbridge, New Jersey.
After selecting a target site, we usually negotiate for the right to acquire the site either through an option or a long-term conditional contract. Options and long-term conditional contracts generally enable us to acquire the target site shortly before the start of construction, which reduces development-related risks and preserves capital. However, we will acquire and hold land when business conditions warrant. Due to increased competition for land based on current market conditions, we have, at times, acquired land earlier in the development cycle or acquired land zoned for uses other than residential with the potential for rezoning. After we acquire land, we generally shift our focus to construction. Except for certain mid-rise and high-rise apartment communities where we may elect to use third-party general contractors or construction managers, we act as our own general contractor and construction manager. We generally perform these functions directly (and not through a subsidiary) both for ourselves and for the joint ventures and partnerships of which we are a member or a partner. We believe this enables us to achieve higher construction quality, greater control over construction schedules and significant cost savings. Our development, property management and construction teams monitor construction progress to ensure high-quality workmanship and a smooth and timely transition into the leasing and operating phase.

2


 

As competition for desirable development opportunities has increased in recent years, we have engaged in more complicated development pursuits. For example, at times we have acquired and may in the future acquire existing commercial buildings with the intent to pursue rezoning, tenant terminations or expirations and demolition of the existing structures. Generally, while we hold these buildings for development, the revenue from these operations, net of any operating expenses, is accounted for as a reduction in our investment in the development pursuit and not as net income. We have also participated, and may in the future participate, in master planned or other large multi-use developments where we commit to build infrastructure (such as roads) to be used by other participants or commit to act as construction manager or general contractor in building structures or spaces for third parties (such as municipal garages or parks). Costs we incur in connection with these activities may be accounted for as additional invested capital in the community or we may earn fee income for providing these services. Particularly with large scale, urban in-fill developments, we may engage in significant environmental remediation efforts to prepare a site for construction.
Throughout this report, the term “development” is used to refer to the entire property development cycle, including pursuit of zoning approvals, procurement of architectural and engineering designs and the construction process. References to “construction” refer to the actual construction of the property, which is only one element of the development cycle.
Redevelopment Strategy. When we undertake the redevelopment of a community, our goal is to generally renovate and/or rebuild an existing community so that our total investment is generally below replacement cost and the community is one of the highest quality apartment communities or best rental values for an apartment community in its local area. We have established procedures to minimize both the cost and risks of redevelopment. Our redevelopment teams, which include key redevelopment, construction and property management personnel, monitor redevelopment progress. We believe we achieve significant cost savings by acting as our own general contractor. More importantly, this helps to ensure high-quality design and workmanship and a smooth and timely transition into the lease-up and restabilization phase.
Throughout this report, the term “redevelopment” is used to refer to the entire redevelopment cycle, including planning and procurement of architectural and engineering designs, budgeting and actual renovation work. The actual renovation work is referred to as “reconstruction,” which is only one element of the redevelopment cycle.
Disposition Strategy. We sell assets when market conditions are favorable and redeploy the proceeds from those sales to develop, redevelop and acquire communities and to rebalance our portfolio across geographic regions. This also allows us to realize a portion of the value created through our investment, and provides additional liquidity. We are then able to redeploy the net proceeds from our dispositions in lieu of raising that amount of capital externally by issuing debt or equity securities. When we decide to sell a community, we generally solicit competing bids from unrelated parties for these individual assets and consider the sales price of each proposal.
Acquisition Strategy. Our core competencies in development and redevelopment discussed above allow us to be selective in the acquisitions we target. From time to time, in order to achieve rapid penetration into markets that are generally supply constrained and in which we desire an increased presence, or to help us achieve our desired product mix or rebalance our portfolio, we have acquired existing apartment communities. In 2005 we closed on the Fund, which during its investment period (ending no later than March 2008) will be our exclusive vehicle for acquiring apartment communities, subject to certain exceptions. Over the next several years, we expect to increase our acquisition activity through the Fund, focusing in particular on communities in our markets that can benefit from redevelopment, repositioning or market cycle opportunities.
Property Management Strategy. We intend to increase operating income through innovative, proactive property management that will result in higher revenue from communities and controlled operating expenses.
Our principal strategies to maximize revenue include:
  •   strong focus on resident satisfaction;
 
  •   staggering lease terms such that lease expirations are better matched to traffic patterns;
 
  •   balancing high occupancy with premium pricing, and increasing rents as market conditions permit; and
 
  •   managing community occupancy for optimal rental revenue levels.

3


 

Controlling operating expenses is another way in which we intend to increase earnings growth. Growth in our portfolio and the resulting increase in revenue allows for fixed operating costs to be spread over a larger volume of revenue, thereby increasing operating margins. We control operating expenses as follows:
  •   we receive and approve invoices on-site to ensure careful monitoring of budgeted versus actual expenses;
 
  •   we purchase supplies in bulk where possible;
 
  •   we bid third-party contracts on a volume basis;
 
  •   we strive to retain residents through high levels of service in order to eliminate the cost of preparing an apartment home for a new resident and to reduce marketing and vacant apartment utility costs;
 
  •   we perform turnover work in-house or hire third-parties, generally depending upon the least costly alternative;
 
  •   we undertake preventive maintenance regularly to maximize resident satisfaction and property and equipment life; and
 
  •   we aggressively pursue real estate tax appeals.
On-site property management teams receive bonuses based largely upon the net operating income produced at their respective communities. We use and continuously seek ways to improve technology applications to help manage our communities, believing that the accurate collection of financial and resident data will enable us to maximize revenue and control costs through careful leasing decisions, maintenance decisions and financial management.
We generally manage the operation and leasing activity of our communities directly (and not through a subsidiary) both for ourselves and the joint ventures and partnerships of which we are a member or a partner.
From time to time, we also pursue or arrange ancillary services for our residents to provide additional revenue sources or increase resident satisfaction. In general, as a REIT we cannot directly provide services to our tenants that are not customarily provided by a landlord, nor can we share in the income of a third party that provides such services. However, we can provide such non-customary services to residents or share in the revenue from such services if we do so through a “taxable REIT subsidiary,” which is a subsidiary that is treated as a “C corporation” and is therefore subject to federal income taxes. We have used taxable REIT subsidiaries on a limited basis, such as to receive a commission from a recommended vendor used by residents.
Financing Strategy. We have consistently maintained, and intend to continue to maintain, a capital structure that is aligned to the business risks presented by our corporate strategy. At December 31, 2005, our debt-to-total market capitalization was 26.1%, and our long-term floating rate debt, not including borrowings under our unsecured credit facility, was 2.3% of total market capitalization. Total market capitalization reflects the aggregate of the market value of our common stock, the market value of our operating partnership units outstanding (based on the market value of our common stock), the liquidation preference of our preferred stock and the outstanding principal amount of our debt. We believe that debt-to-total market capitalization can be one useful measure of a real estate operating company’s long-term liquidity and balance sheet strength, because it shows an approximate relationship between a company’s total debt and the current total market value of its assets based on the current price at which the company’s common stock trades. However, because debt-to-total market capitalization changes with fluctuations in our stock price, which occurs regularly, our debt-to-total market capitalization may change even when our earnings and debt levels remain stable.
We estimate that a portion of our short-term liquidity needs will be met from retained operating cash and borrowings under our variable rate unsecured credit facility. If required to meet the balance of our current or anticipated liquidity needs, we will attempt to arrange additional capacity under our existing unsecured credit facility, sell existing communities or land and/or issue additional debt or equity securities. A determination to engage in an equity or debt offering depends on a variety of factors such as general market and economic conditions, including interest rates, our short and long term liquidity needs, the adequacy of our expected liquidity sources, the relative costs of debt and equity capital, and growth opportunities. A summary of debt and equity activity for the last three years is reflected on our Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows of the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Item 8 of this report.

4


 

We have entered into, and may continue in the future to enter into, joint ventures (including limited liability companies) or partnerships through which we would own an indirect economic interest of less than 100% of the community or communities owned directly by such joint venture or partnership. Our decision whether to hold an apartment community in fee simple or to have an indirect interest in the community through a joint venture or partnership is based on a variety of factors and considerations, including: (i) the economic and tax terms required by a seller of land or of a community, who may prefer that (or who may require less payment if) the land or community is contributed to a joint venture or partnership; (ii) our desire to diversify our portfolio of communities by market, submarket and product type; (iii) our desire at times to preserve our capital resources to maintain liquidity or balance sheet strength; and (iv) our projection, in some circumstances, that we will achieve higher returns on our invested capital or reduce our risk if a joint venture or partnership vehicle is used. Investments in joint ventures or partnerships are not limited to a specified percentage of our assets. Each joint venture or partnership agreement is individually negotiated, and our ability to operate and/or dispose of a community in our sole discretion may be limited to varying degrees depending on the terms of the joint venture or partnership agreement.
We have invested in the AvalonBay Value Added Fund, L.P., a private, discretionary investment vehicle (the “Fund”), which will acquire and operate apartment communities in our markets. The Fund will serve, until March 16, 2008 or until 80% of its committed capital is invested, as the exclusive vehicle through which we will acquire apartment communities, subject to certain exceptions. These exceptions include significant individual asset and portfolio acquisitions, properties acquired in tax-deferred transactions and acquisitions that are inadvisable or inappropriate for the Fund, if any. The Fund will not restrict our development activities, and will terminate after a term of eight years, subject to two one-year extensions. The Fund has nine institutional investors, including us, with combined capital commitments of $330,000,000. A significant portion of the investments made in the Fund by its investors are being made through AvalonBay Value Added Fund, Inc., a Maryland corporation that will qualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code (the “Fund REIT”). A wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company is the general partner of the Fund and has committed $50,000,000 to the Fund and the Fund REIT (of which approximately $11,600,000 has been invested as of January 31, 2006) representing a 15.2% combined general partner and limited partner equity interest. Under the Fund documents, the Fund has the ability to employ leverage through debt financings up to 65% on a portfolio basis, which, if achieved, would enable the Fund to invest up to $940,000,000.
In addition, we may, from time to time, offer shares of our equity securities, debt securities or options to purchase stock in exchange for property.
Other Strategies and Activities. While we emphasize equity real estate investments in rental apartment communities, we have the ability to invest in other types of real estate, mortgages (including participating or convertible mortgages), securities of other REITs or real estate operating companies, or securities of technology companies that relate to our real estate operations or of companies that provide services to us or our residents, in each case consistent with our qualification as a REIT. On occasion, we own and operate retail space at our communities when either (i) the highest and best use of the space is for retail (e.g., street level in an urban area) or (ii) we believe the retail space will enhance the attractiveness of the community to residents. As of December 31, 2005, we had a total of 269,289 square feet of rentable retail space that produced gross rental revenue in 2005 of $3,896,000 (0.55% of total revenue). If we secure a development right and believe that its best use, in whole or in part, is to develop the real estate with the intent to sell rather than hold the asset, we may, through a taxable REIT subsidiary, develop real estate for sale. At present, we expect to develop with the intent to sell, directly through a taxable REIT subsidiary or indirectly through a joint venture partnership, one or more parcels. Any investment in securities of other entities, and any development of real estate for sale, is subject to the percentage of ownership limitations, gross income tests, and other limitations that must be observed for REIT qualification.
We have not engaged in trading, underwriting or agency distribution or sale of securities of other issuers and do not intend to do so. At all times we intend to make investments in a manner as to qualify as a REIT unless, because of circumstances or changes to the Internal Revenue Code (or the Treasury Regulations), the Board of Directors determines that it is no longer in our best interest to qualify as a REIT.

5


 

Inflation and Deflation
Substantially all of our apartment leases are for a term of one year or less. In an inflationary environment, this may allow us to realize increased rents upon renewal of existing leases or the beginning of new leases. Short-term leases generally minimize our risk from the adverse effects of inflation, although these leases generally permit residents to leave at the end of the lease term and therefore expose us to the effect of a decline in market rents. In a deflationary rent environment, we may be exposed to declining rents more quickly under these shorter-term leases.
Tax Matters
We filed an election with our initial federal income tax return to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and intend to maintain our qualification as a REIT in the future. As a qualified REIT, with limited exceptions, we will not be taxed under federal and certain state income tax laws at the corporate level on our net income to the extent net income is distributed to our stockholders. We expect to make sufficient distributions to avoid income tax at the corporate level. While we believe that we are organized and qualified as a REIT and we intend to operate in a manner that will allow us to continue to qualify as a REIT, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in this regard. Qualification as a REIT involves the application of highly technical and complex provisions of the Internal Revenue Code for which there are limited judicial and administrative interpretations and involves the determination of a variety of factual matters and circumstances not entirely within our control.
Competition
We face competition from other real estate investors, including insurance companies, pension and investment funds, partnerships and investment companies and other apartment REITs, to acquire and develop apartment communities and acquire land for future development. As an owner and operator of apartment communities, we also face competition for prospective residents from other operators whose communities may be perceived to offer a better location or better amenities or whose rent may be perceived as a better value proposition given the quality, location and amenities that the resident seeks. We also compete with the condominium and single-family home markets. Although we often compete against large sophisticated developers and operators for development opportunities and for prospective residents, real estate developers and operators of any size can provide effective competition for both real estate assets and potential residents.
Environmental and Related Matters
As a current or prior owner, operator and developer of real estate, we are subject to various federal, state and local environmental laws, regulations and ordinances and also could be liable to third parties resulting from environmental factors at our communities. For some development communities, we undertake significant environmental remediation to prepare the site for construction. Environmental remediation efforts could expose us to possible liabilities for accidents or improper handling of toxins during construction. These and other risks related to environmental matters are described in more detail in Item 1a., “Risk Factors”.
Other Information
Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are available free of charge in the “Investor Relations” section of our website (www.avalonbay.com) as soon as reasonably practicable after the reports are filed with or furnished to the SEC. In addition, the charters of our Board’s Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, Audit Committee and Compensation Committee, as well as our Corporate Governance Guidelines and Code of Conduct, are available free of charge in that section of our website or by writing to AvalonBay Communities, Inc., 2900 Eisenhower Avenue, Suite 300, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, Attention: Chief Financial Officer.
We were incorporated under the laws of the State of California in 1978. In 1995, we reincorporated in the State of Maryland and have been focused on the ownership and operation of apartment communities since that time. As of December 31, 2005, we had 1,647 employees.

6


 

ITEM 1a.          RISK FACTORS
Our operations involve various risks that could have adverse consequences, including those described below. This Item 1a includes forward-looking statements. You should refer to our discussion of the qualifications and limitations on forward-looking statements on page 61.
Development, redevelopment and construction risks could affect our profitability.
We intend to continue to develop and redevelop apartment home communities. These activities may be exposed to the following risks:
  •   we may be unable to obtain, or experience delays in obtaining, necessary zoning, occupancy, or other required governmental or third party permits and authorizations, which could result in increased costs or the delay or abandonment of opportunities;
 
  •   we may abandon opportunities that we have already begun to explore for a number of reasons, including changes in local market conditions or increases in construction or financing costs, and, as a result, we may fail to recover expenses already incurred in exploring those opportunities;
 
  •   we may incur costs that exceed our original estimates due to increased material, labor or other costs;
 
  •   occupancy rates and rents at a community may fail to meet our expectations for a number of reasons, including changes in market and economic conditions beyond our control and the development by competitors of competing communities;
 
  •   we may be unable to complete construction and lease up of a community on schedule, resulting in increased construction and financing costs and a decrease in expected rental revenues;
 
  •   we may be unable to obtain financing with favorable terms, or at all, for the proposed development of a community, which may cause us to delay or abandon an opportunity;
 
  •   we may incur liabilities to third parties during the development process, for example, in connection with managing existing improvements on the site prior to tenant terminations and demolition (such as commercial space) or in connection with providing services to third parties, such as the construction of shared infrastructure or other improvements; and
 
  •   we may incur liability if our communities are not constructed and operated in compliance with the accessibility provisions of the Americans with Disabilities Acts or the Fair Housing Act. Noncompliance could result in imposition of fines, an award of damages to private litigants, and a requirement that we undertake structural modifications to remedy the noncompliance. We are currently engaged in a lawsuit alleging noncompliance with these statutes. See “Legal Proceedings.”
We project construction costs based on market conditions at the time we prepare our budgets, and our projections include changes that we anticipate but cannot predict with certainty. Construction costs have been increasing, particularly for materials such as steel, concrete and lumber, and, for some of our Development Communities and Development Rights, the total construction costs may be higher than the original budget. Total capitalized cost includes all capitalized costs projected to be incurred to develop or redevelop a community, determined in accordance with GAAP, including:
  •   land and/or property acquisition costs;
 
  •   construction or reconstruction costs;
 
  •   costs of environmental remediation;
 
  •   real estate taxes;
 
  •   capitalized interest;
 
  •   loan fees;
 
  •   permits;
 
  •   professional fees;
 
  •   allocated development or redevelopment overhead; and
 
  •   other regulatory fees.

7


 

Costs to redevelop communities that have been acquired have, in some cases, exceeded our original estimates and similar increases in costs may be experienced in the future. We cannot assure you that market rents in effect at the time new development or redevelopment communities complete lease-up will be sufficient to fully offset the effects of any increased construction or reconstruction costs.
Unfavorable changes in market and economic conditions could hurt occupancy or rental rates.
Local conditions in our markets significantly affect occupancy or rental rates at our communities. The risks that may adversely affect conditions in those markets include the following:
  •   plant closings, industry slowdowns and other factors that adversely affect the local economy;
 
  •   an oversupply of, or a reduced demand for, apartment homes;
 
  •   a decline in household formation or employment or lack of employment growth;
 
  •   the inability or unwillingness of residents to pay rent increases; and
 
  •   rent control or rent stabilization laws, or other laws regulating housing, that could prevent us from raising rents to offset increases in operating costs.
Changes in applicable laws, or noncompliance with applicable laws, could adversely affect our operations or expose us to liability.
We must operate our communities in compliance with numerous federal, state and local laws and regulations, including landlord tenant laws and other laws generally applicable to business operations. Noncompliance with laws could expose us to liability. We are currently engaged in settling a lawsuit related to our handling of security deposits in California. See “Legal Proceedings.”
Compliance with changes in (i) laws increasing the potential liability for environmental conditions existing on properties or the restrictions on discharges or other conditions, (ii) rent control or rent stabilization laws or (iii) other governmental rules and regulations or enforcement policies affecting the use and operation of our communities, including changes to building codes and fire and life-safety codes, may result in lower revenue growth or significant unanticipated expenditures.
Short-term leases expose us to the effects of declining market rents.
Substantially all of our apartment leases are for a term of one year or less. Because these leases generally permit the residents to leave at the end of the lease term without penalty, our rental revenues are impacted by declines in market rents more quickly than if our leases were for longer terms.
Competition could limit our ability to lease apartment homes or increase or maintain rents.
Our apartment communities compete with other housing alternatives to attract residents, including other rental apartments, condominiums and single-family homes that are available for rent, as well as new and existing condominiums and single-family homes for sale. Competitive residential housing in a particular area could adversely affect our ability to lease apartment homes and to increase or maintain rental rates.
Attractive investment opportunities may not be available, which could adversely affect our profitability.
We expect that other real estate investors, including insurance companies, pension funds, other REITs and other well-capitalized investors, will compete with us to acquire existing properties and to develop new properties. This competition could increase prices for properties of the type we would likely pursue and adversely affect our profitability.

8


 

Insufficient cash flow could affect our debt financing and create refinancing risk.
We are subject to the risks associated with debt financing, including the risk that our cash flow will be insufficient to meet required payments of principal and interest. In this regard, we note that we are required to annually distribute dividends generally equal to at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction and our net capital gain, in order for us to continue to qualify as a REIT, and this requirement limits the amount of our cash flow available to meet required principal and interest payments. The principal outstanding balance on a portion of our debt will not be fully amortized prior to its maturity. Although we may be able to repay our debt by using our cash flows, we cannot assure you that we will have sufficient cash flows available to make all required principal payments. Therefore, we may need to refinance at least a portion of our outstanding debt as it matures. There is a risk that we may not be able to refinance existing debt or that a refinancing will not be done on as favorable terms, either of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Rising interest rates could increase interest costs and could affect the market price of our common stock.
We currently have, and may in the future incur, variable interest rate debt. Accordingly, if interest rates increase, our interest costs will also rise, unless we have made arrangements that hedge the risk of rising interest rates. In addition, an increase in market interest rates may lead purchasers of our common stock to demand a greater annual dividend yield, which could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
Bond financing and zoning compliance requirements could limit our income, restrict the use of communities and cause favorable financing to become unavailable.
We have financed some of our apartment communities with obligations issued by local government agencies because the interest paid to the holders of this debt is generally exempt from federal income taxes and, therefore, the interest rate is generally more favorable to us. These obligations are commonly referred to as “tax-exempt bonds” and generally must be secured by communities. As a condition to obtaining tax-exempt financing, or on occasion as a condition to obtaining favorable zoning in some jurisdictions, we will commit to make some of the apartments in a community available to households whose income does not exceed certain thresholds (e.g., 50% or 80% of area median income), or who meet other qualifying tests. As of December 31, 2005, approximately 6.1% of our apartment homes at current operating communities were under use limitations such as these. These commitments, which may run without expiration or may expire after a period of time (such as 15 or 20 years) may limit our ability to raise rents aggressively and, in consequence, can also limit increases in the value of the communities subject to these restrictions.
In addition, some of our tax-exempt bond financing documents require us to obtain a guarantee from a financial institution of payment of the principal of, and interest on, the bonds. The guarantee may take the form of a letter of credit, surety bond, guarantee agreement or other additional collateral. If the financial institution defaults in its guarantee obligations, or if we are unable to renew the applicable guarantee or otherwise post satisfactory collateral, a default will occur under the applicable tax-exempt bonds and the community could be foreclosed upon.
Risks Related to Indebtedness.
We have a $500,000,000 revolving variable rate unsecured credit facility with JPMorgan Chase Bank and Wachovia Bank, N.A. serving as banks and syndication agents for a syndicate of commercial banks, and Bank of America, serving as bank and administrative agent. The credit facility prohibits us from paying dividends in amounts that exceed 95% of our funds from operations, provided that we may pay dividends in excess of 95% of our funds from operations as required to maintain our qualification as a REIT. Our organizational documents do not limit the amount or percentage of indebtedness that may be incurred. Accordingly, subject to compliance with outstanding debt covenants, we could incur more debt, resulting in an increased risk of default on our obligations and an increase in debt service requirements that could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
The mortgages on those of our properties subject to secured debt, our unsecured credit facility and the indentures under which a substantial portion of our debt was issued contain customary restrictions, requirements and other

9


 

limitations, as well as certain financial and operating covenants including maintenance of certain financial ratios. Maintaining compliance with these restrictions could limit our flexibility. A default in these requirements, if uncured, could result in a requirement that we repay indebtedness, which could severely affect our liquidity and increase our financing costs.
Failure to generate sufficient revenue could limit cash flow available for distributions to stockholders.
A decrease in rental revenue could have an adverse effect on our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders and our ability to maintain our status as a REIT. Significant expenditures associated with each community such as debt service payments, if any, real estate taxes, insurance and maintenance costs are generally not reduced when circumstances cause a reduction in income from a community.
Debt financing may not be available and equity issuances could be dilutive to our stockholders.
Our ability to execute our business strategy depends on our access to an appropriate blend of debt and equity financing. Debt financing may not be available in sufficient amounts or on favorable terms. If we issue additional equity securities, the interests of existing stockholders could be diluted.
Difficulty of selling apartment communities could limit flexibility.
Federal tax laws may limit our ability to earn a gain on the sale of a community (unless we own it through a subsidiary which will incur a taxable gain upon sale) if we are found to have held, acquired or developed the community primarily with the intent to resell the community, and this limitation may affect our ability to sell communities without adversely affecting returns to our stockholders. In addition, real estate in our markets can at times be hard to sell, especially if market conditions are poor. These potential difficulties in selling real estate in our markets may limit our ability to change or reduce the apartment communities in our portfolio promptly in response to changes in economic or other conditions.
Acquisitions may not yield anticipated results.
Subject to the requirements related to the Fund discussed below, we may in the future acquire apartment communities on a select basis. Our acquisition activities and their success may be exposed to the following risks:
  •   an acquired property may fail to perform as we expected in analyzing our investment; and
 
  •   our estimate of the costs of repositioning or redeveloping an acquired property may prove inaccurate.
Failure to succeed in new markets or in activities other than the development, ownership and operation of residential rental communities may have adverse consequences.
We may from time to time commence development activity or make acquisitions outside of our existing market areas if appropriate opportunities arise. As noted in the business description above, we also own and operate retail space when a retail component represents the best use of the space, as is often the case with large urban in-fill developments. Also as noted in the business description above, we expect to develop, directly or through a joint venture partnership, one or more parcels with the intent to sell, which we believe represents the best use for those parcels. Our historical experience in our existing markets in developing, owning and operating rental communities does not ensure that we will be able to operate successfully in new markets, should we choose to enter them, or that we will be successful in these other activities. We may be exposed to a variety of risks if we choose to enter new markets, including an inability to evaluate accurately local apartment market conditions; an inability to obtain land for development or to identify appropriate acquisition opportunities; an inability to hire and retain key personnel; and lack of familiarity with local governmental and permitting procedures. We may be unsuccessful in owning and operating retail space at our communities or in developing real estate with the intent to sell.

10


 

Risks involved in real estate activity through joint ventures.
Instead of acquiring or developing apartment communities directly, at times we invest as a partner or a co-venturer. Partnership or joint venture investments involve risks, including the possibility that our partner might become insolvent or otherwise refuse to make capital contributions when due; that we may be responsible to our partner for indemnifiable losses; that our partner might at any time have business goals which are inconsistent with ours; and that our partner may be in a position to take action or withhold consent contrary to our instructions or requests. Frequently, we and our partner may each have the right to trigger a buy-sell arrangement, which could cause us to sell our interest, or acquire our partner’s interest, at a time when we otherwise would not have initiated such a transaction.
Risks associated with our discretionary investment fund.
We have formed the Fund which, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, we manage as the general partner and to which we have committed $50,000,000, representing a 15.2% equity interest. This presents risks, including the following:
  •   investors in the Fund may fail to make their capital contributions when due and, as a result, the Fund may be unable to execute its investment objectives;
 
  •   our subsidiary that is the general partner of the Fund is generally liable, under partnership law, for the debts and obligations of the Fund, subject to certain exculpation and indemnification rights pursuant to the terms of the partnership agreement of the Fund;
 
  •   investors in the Fund holding a majority of the partnership interests may remove us as the general partner without cause, subject to our right to receive an additional nine months of management fees after such removal and our right to acquire one of the properties then held by the Fund;
 
  •   while we have broad discretion to manage the Fund and make investment decisions on behalf of the Fund, the investors or an advisory committee comprised of representatives of the investors must approve certain matters, and as a result we may be unable to cause the Fund to make certain investments or implement certain decisions that we consider beneficial;
 
  •   we are generally prohibited from making acquisitions of apartment communities outside of the Fund until the earlier of March 16, 2008 or until 80% of the Fund’s committed capital is invested, subject to certain exceptions; and
 
  •   we may be liable if either the Fund, or the REIT through which a number of investors have invested in the Fund and which we manage, fails to comply with various tax or other regulatory matters.
Risk of earthquake damage.
As further described in Item 2., “Communities — Insurance and Risk of Uninsured Losses,” many of our West Coast communities are located in the general vicinity of active earthquake faults. We cannot assure you that an earthquake would not cause damage or losses greater than insured levels. In the event of a loss in excess of insured limits, we could lose our capital invested in the affected community, as well as anticipated future revenue from that community. We would also continue to be obligated to repay any mortgage indebtedness or other obligations related to the community. Any such loss could materially and adversely affect our business and our financial condition and results of operations.
A significant uninsured property or liability loss could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
In addition to the earthquake insurance discussed above, we carry commercial general liability insurance, property insurance and terrorism insurance with respect to our communities on terms we consider commercially reasonable. There are, however, certain types of losses (such as losses arising from acts of war) that are not insured, in full or in part, because they are either uninsurable or the cost of insurance makes it, in management’s view, economically impractical. If an uninsured property loss or a property loss in excess of insured limits were to occur, we could lose our capital invested in a community, as well as the anticipated future revenues from such community. We would also

11


 

continue to be obligated to repay any mortgage indebtedness or other obligations related to the community. If an uninsured liability to a third party were to occur, we would incur the cost of defense and settlement with, or court ordered damages to, that third party. A significant uninsured property or liability loss could materially and adversely affect our business and our financial condition and results of operations.
We may incur costs and increased expenses to repair property damage resulting from inclement weather.
Particularly in the Northeast and Midwest we are exposed to risks associated with inclement winter weather, including increased costs for the removal of snow and ice as well as from delays in construction. In addition, inclement weather could increase the need for maintenance and repair of our communities.
We may incur costs due to environmental contamination.
Under various federal, state and local environmental laws, regulations and ordinances, we may be required, regardless of knowledge or responsibility, to investigate and remediate the effects of hazardous or toxic substances or petroleum product releases at our properties and may be held liable to a governmental entity or to third parties for property or personal injury damages and for investigation and remediation costs incurred as a result of the contamination. These damages and costs may be substantial. The presence of such substances, or the failure to properly remediate the contamination, may adversely affect our ability to borrow against, sell or rent the affected property.
In addition, some environmental laws create a lien on the contaminated site in favor of the government for damages and costs it incurs as a result of the contamination.
Certain federal, state and local laws, regulations and ordinances govern the removal, encapsulation or disturbance of asbestos containing materials (“ACMs”) when such materials are in poor condition or in the event of renovation or demolition of a building. These laws may impose liability for release of ACMs and may allow third parties to seek recovery from owners or operators of real properties for personal injury associated with exposure to ACMs. We are not aware that any ACMs were used in the construction of the communities we developed. ACMs were, however, used in the construction of several of the communities that we acquired. We implement an operations and maintenance program at each of the communities at which ACMs are detected. We do not anticipate that we will incur any material liabilities as a result of the presence of ACMs at our communities.
We are aware that some of our communities have lead paint and have implemented an operations and maintenance program at each of those communities. We do not anticipate that we will incur any material liabilities as a result of the presence of lead paint at our communities.
All of our stabilized operating communities, and all of the communities that we are currently developing or redeveloping, have been subjected to at least a Phase I or similar environmental assessment, which generally does not involve invasive techniques such as soil or ground water sampling. These assessments, together with subsurface assessments conducted on some properties, have not revealed, and we are not otherwise aware of, any environmental conditions that we believe would have a material adverse effect on our business, assets, financial condition or results of operation. In connection with our ownership, operation and development of communities, from time to time we undertake substantial remedial action in response to the presence of subsurface or other contaminants. In some cases, an indemnity exists upon which we may be able to rely if environmental liability arises from the contamination or remediation costs exceed estimates. There can be no assurance, however, that all necessary remediation actions have been or will be undertaken at our properties or that we will be indemnified, in full or at all, in the event that environmental liability arises.
Mold growth may occur when excessive moisture accumulates in buildings or on building materials, particularly if the moisture problem remains undiscovered or is not addressed over a period of time. Although the occurrence of mold at multifamily and other structures, and the need to remediate such mold, is not a new phenomenon, there has been increased awareness in recent years that certain molds may in some instances lead to adverse health effects, including allergic or other reactions. To help limit mold growth, we educate residents about the importance of adequate ventilation and request or require that they notify us when they see mold or excessive moisture. We have

12


 

established procedures for promptly addressing and remediating mold or excessive moisture from apartment homes when we become aware of its presence regardless of whether we or the resident believe a health risk is presented. However, we cannot assure that mold or excessive moisture will be detected and remediated in a timely manner. If a significant mold problem arises at one of our communities, we could be required to undertake a costly remediation program to contain or remove the mold from the affected community and could be exposed to other liabilities.
Additionally, we have occasionally been involved in developing, managing, leasing and operating various properties for third parties. Consequently, we may be considered to have been an operator of such properties and, therefore, potentially liable for removal or remediation costs or other potential costs which could relate to hazardous or toxic substances. We are not aware of any material environmental liabilities with respect to properties managed or developed by us or our predecessors for such third parties.
We cannot assure you that:
  •   the environmental assessments described above have identified all potential environmental liabilities;
 
  •   no prior owner created any material environmental condition not known to us or the consultants who prepared the assessments;
 
  •   no environmental liabilities have developed since the environmental assessments were prepared;
 
  •   the condition of land or operations in the vicinity of our communities, such as the presence of underground storage tanks, will not affect the environmental condition of our communities;
 
  •   future uses or conditions, including, without limitation, changes in applicable environmental laws and regulations, will not result in the imposition of environmental liability; and
 
  •   no environmental liabilities will arise at communities that we have sold for which we may have liability.
Failure to qualify as a REIT would cause us to be taxed as a corporation, which would significantly reduce funds available for distribution to stockholders.
If we fail to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we will be subject to federal income tax on our taxable income at regular corporate rates (subject to any applicable alternative minimum tax). In addition, unless we are entitled to relief under applicable statutory provisions, we would be ineligible to make an election for treatment as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year in which we lose our qualification. The additional tax liability resulting from the failure to qualify as a REIT would significantly reduce or eliminate the amount of funds available for distribution to our stockholders. Furthermore, we would no longer be required to make distributions to our stockholders. Thus, our failure to qualify as a REIT could also impair our ability to expand our business and raise capital, and would adversely affect the value of our common stock.
We believe that we are organized and qualified as a REIT, and we intend to operate in a manner that will allow us to continue to qualify as a REIT. However, we cannot assure you that we are qualified as a REIT, or that we will remain qualified in the future. This is because qualification as a REIT involves the application of highly technical and complex provisions of the Internal Revenue Code for which there are only limited judicial and administrative interpretations and involves the determination of a variety of factual matters and circumstances not entirely within our control. In addition, future legislation, new regulations, administrative interpretations or court decisions may significantly change the tax laws or the application of the tax laws with respect to qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes or the federal income tax consequences of this qualification.
Even if we qualify as a REIT, we will be subject to certain federal, state and local taxes on our income and property and on taxable income that we do not distribute to our shareholders. In addition, we may engage in activities through taxable subsidiaries and will be subject to federal income tax at regular corporate rates on the income of those subsidiaries.

13


 

The ability of our stockholders to control our policies and effect a change of control of our company is limited by certain provisions of our charter and bylaws and by Maryland law.
There are provisions in our charter and bylaws that may discourage a third party from making a proposal to acquire us, even if some of our stockholders might consider the proposal to be in their best interests. These provisions include the following:
Our charter authorizes our Board of Directors to issue up to 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock without stockholder approval and to establish the preferences and rights, including voting rights, of any series of preferred stock issued. The board of directors may issue preferred stock without stockholder approval, which could allow the board to issue one or more classes or series of preferred stock that could discourage or delay a tender offer or a change in control.
To maintain our qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, not more than 50% in value of our outstanding stock may be owned, directly or indirectly, by or for five or fewer individuals at any time during the last half of any taxable year. To maintain this qualification, and to otherwise address concerns about concentrations of ownership of our stock, our charter generally prohibits ownership (directly, indirectly by virtue of the attribution provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, or beneficially as defined in Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act) by any single stockholder of more than 9.8% of the issued and outstanding shares of any class or series of our stock. In general, under our charter, pension plans and mutual funds may directly and beneficially own up to 15% of the outstanding shares of any class or series of stock. Under our charter, our board of directors may in its sole discretion waive or modify the ownership limit for one or more persons. These ownership limits may prevent or delay a change in control and, as a result, could adversely affect our stockholders’ ability to realize a premium for their shares of common stock.
Our bylaws provide that the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of all of the shares entitled to be cast in the election of directors is required to elect a director. In a contested election, if no nominee receives the vote of holders of a majority of all of the shares entitled to be cast, the incumbent directors would remain in office. This requirement may prevent or delay a change in control and, as a result, could adversely affect our stockholders’ ability to realize a premium for their shares of common stock.
As a Maryland corporation, we are subject to the provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law. Maryland law imposes restrictions on some business combinations and requires compliance with statutory procedures before some mergers and acquisitions may occur, which may delay or prevent offers to acquire us or increase the difficulty of completing any offers, even if they are in our stockholders’ best interests. In addition, other provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law permit the Board of Directors to make elections and to take actions without stockholder approval (such as classifying our Board such that the entire Board is not up for reelection annually) that, if made or taken, could have the effect of discouraging or delaying a change in control.
ITEM 1b.          UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.

14


 

ITEM 2.          COMMUNITIES
Our real estate investments consist primarily of current operating apartment communities, communities in various stages of development (“Development Communities”) and Development Rights as defined below. Our current operating communities are further distinguished as Established Communities, Other Stabilized Communities, Lease-Up Communities and Redevelopment Communities. The following is a description of each category:
Current Communities are categorized as Established, Other Stabilized, Lease-Up, or Redevelopment according to the following attributes:
  •   Established Communities (also known as Same Store Communities) are consolidated communities where a comparison of operating results from the prior year to the current year is meaningful, as these communities were owned and had stabilized occupancy and operating expenses as of the beginning of the prior year. For the year 2005, the Established Communities are communities that are consolidated for financial reporting purposes, had stabilized occupancy and operating expenses as of January 1, 2004, are not conducting or planning to conduct substantial redevelopment activities and are not held for sale or planned for disposition within the current year. A community is considered to have stabilized occupancy at the earlier of (i) attainment of 95% physical occupancy or (ii) the one-year anniversary of completion of development or redevelopment.
 
  •   Other Stabilized Communities includes all other completed communities that have stabilized occupancy, as defined above. Other Stabilized Communities do not include communities that are conducting or planning to conduct substantial redevelopment activities within the current year.
 
  •   Lease-Up Communities are communities where construction has been complete for less than one year and where physical occupancy has not reached 95%.
 
  •   Redevelopment Communities are communities where substantial redevelopment is in progress or is planned to begin during the current year. For communities that we wholly-own, redevelopment is considered substantial when capital invested during the reconstruction effort is expected to exceed the lesser of $5,000,000 or 10% of the community’s acquisition cost. The definition of substantial redevelopment may differ for communities owned through a joint venture arrangement.
Development Communities are communities that are under construction and for which a final certificate of occupancy has not been received. These communities may be partially complete and operating.
Development Rights are development opportunities in the early phase of the development process for which we either have an option to acquire land or enter into a leasehold interest, for which we are the buyer under a long-term conditional contract to purchase land or where we own land to develop a new community. We capitalize related pre-development costs incurred in pursuit of new developments for which we currently believe future development is probable.
In addition, we own approximately 60,000 square feet of office space in Alexandria, Virginia, for our corporate office, with all other regional and administrative offices leased under operating leases.

15


 

As of December 31, 2005, our communities were classified as follows:
                 
    Number of     Number of  
    communities     apartment homes  
Current Communities
               
 
               
Established Communities:
               
Northeast
    30       7,657  
Mid-Atlantic
    13       4,247  
Midwest
    3       887  
Pacific Northwest
    10       2,500  
Northern California
    30       8,758  
Southern California
    10       3,207  
 
           
Total Established
    96       27,256  
 
           
 
               
Other Stabilized Communities:
               
Northeast
    24       7,419  
Mid-Atlantic
    6       2,106  
Midwest
    3       809  
Pacific Northwest
    2       611  
Northern California
    2       445  
Southern California
    6       1,665  
 
           
Total Other Stabilized
    43       13,055  
 
           
 
               
Lease-Up Communities
    2       595  
 
               
Redevelopment Communities
    2       506  
 
           
 
               
Total Current Communities
    143       41,412  
 
           
 
               
Development Communities
    15       4,062  
 
           
 
               
Development Rights
    47       12,495  
 
           
Our holdings under each of the above categories are discussed on the following pages.
Current Communities
Our Current Communities are primarily garden-style apartment communities consisting of two and three-story buildings in landscaped settings. In January 2006, we disposed of two communities containing an aggregate of 473 apartment homes. The Current Communities, as of January 31, 2006, include 106 garden-style (of which 14 are mixed communities and include townhomes), 20 high-rise and 15 mid-rise apartment communities. The Current Communities offer many attractive amenities including some or all of the following:
  •   vaulted ceilings;
 
  •   lofts;
 
  •   fireplaces;
 
  •   patios/decks; and
 
  •   modern appliances.
    Other features at various communities may include:
  •   swimming pools;
 
  •   fitness centers;
 
  •   tennis courts; and
 
  •   business centers.
We also have an extensive and ongoing maintenance program to keep all communities and apartment homes substantially free of deferred maintenance and, where vacant, available for immediate occupancy. We believe that the aesthetic appeal of our communities and a service oriented property management team, focused on the specific

16


 

needs of residents, enhances market appeal to discriminating residents. We believe this will ultimately achieve higher rental rates and occupancy levels while minimizing resident turnover and operating expenses.
Our Current Communities are located in the following geographic markets:
                                                 
    Number of     Number of apartment     Percentage of total  
    communities at     homes at     apartment homes at  
    1-1-05     1-31-06     1-1-05     1-31-06     1-1-05     1-31-06  
 
                                               
Northeast
    52       54       14,315       15,509       35.7 %     37.9 %
Boston, MA
    17       17       4,127       4,352       10.3 %     10.6 %
Fairfield County, CT
    16       16       4,108       4,375       10.2 %     10.7 %
Long Island, NY
    4       3       1,171       915       2.9 %     2.2 %
Northern New Jersey
    4       3       1,451       1,182       3.6 %     2.9 %
Central New Jersey
    4       5       1,440       1,752       3.6 %     4.3 %
New York, NY
    7       10       2,018       2,933       5.0 %     7.2 %
 
                                               
Mid-Atlantic
    22       21       6,991       6,859       17.4 %     16.8 %
Baltimore, MD
    6       6       1,224       1,224       3.0 %     3.0 %
Washington, DC
    16       15       5,767       5,635       14.4 %     13.8 %
 
                                               
Midwest
    5       6       1,500       1,696       3.7 %     4.1 %
Chicago, IL
    5       6       1,500       1,696       3.7 %     4.1 %
 
                                               
Pacific Northwest
    12       12       3,138       3,111       7.8 %     7.6 %
Seattle, WA
    12       12       3,138       3,111       7.8 %     7.6 %
 
                                               
Northern California
    32       31       9,424       8,892       23.5 %     21.7 %
Oakland-East Bay, CA
    6       7       2,090       2,089       5.2 %     5.1 %
San Francisco, CA
    9       9       2,015       2,015       5.0 %     4.9 %
San Jose, CA
    17       15       5,319       4,788       13.3 %     11.7 %
 
                                               
Southern California
    15       16       4,774       4,872       11.9 %     11.9 %
Los Angeles, CA
    6       7       2,366       2,448       5.9 %     6.0 %
Orange County, CA
    5       6       1,174       1,366       2.9 %     3.3 %
San Diego, CA
    4       3       1,234       1,058       3.1 %     2.6 %
 
                                               
 
                                   
 
    138       140       40,142       40,939       100.0 %     100.0 %
 
                                   
We manage and operate all of our Current Communities. During the year ended December 31, 2005, we completed construction of 1,971 apartment homes in seven communities, acquired 604 apartment homes in four communities and sold 1,305 apartment homes in seven communities. The average age of our Current Communities, on a weighted average basis according to number of apartment homes, is 13.8 years. When adjusted to accommodate for redevelopment activity, the average age of our Current Communities is 8.6 years.
Of the Current Communities, as of January 31, 2006, we own:
  •   a fee simple, or absolute, ownership interest in 111 operating communities, four of which are on land subject to land leases expiring in July 2029, January 2062, April 2095 and March 2142;
 
  •   a fee simple ownership interest in an operating community which recently completed construction and will be transferred to a joint venture upon satisfaction of certain conditions;
 
  •   a general partnership interest in three partnerships that each own a fee simple interest in an operating community;
 
  •   a general partnership interest and an indirect limited partnership interest in the Fund, which owns a fee simple interest in eight operating communities;
 
  •   a general partnership interest in five partnerships structured as “DownREITs,” as described more fully below, that own an aggregate of 14 communities; and
 
  •   a membership interest in four limited liability companies that each hold a fee simple interest in an operating community, two of which are on land subject to land leases expiring in December 2026 and November 2089.

17


 

We also hold a fee simple ownership interest in 14 of the Development Communities, one of which will be subject to a joint venture ownership structure upon construction completion, in addition to a membership interest in one limited liability company that owns a Development Community, which is subject to a land lease expiring in December 2103.
In each of our five partnerships structured as DownREITs, either AvalonBay or one of our wholly-owned subsidiaries is the general partner, and there are one or more limited partners whose interest in the partnership is represented by units of limited partnership interest. For each DownREIT partnership, limited partners are entitled to receive an initial distribution before any distribution is made to the general partner. Although the partnership agreements for each of the DownREITs are different, generally the distributions per unit paid to the holders of units of limited partnership interests have approximated our current common stock dividend amount. Each DownREIT partnership has been structured so that it is unlikely the limited partners will be entitled to a distribution greater than the initial distribution provided for in the applicable partnership agreement. The holders of units of limited partnership interest have the right to present all or some of their units for redemption for a cash amount as determined by the applicable partnership agreement and based on the fair value of our common stock. In lieu of a cash redemption by the partnership, we may elect to acquire any unit presented for redemption for one share of our common stock or for such cash amount. As of January 31, 2006, there were 235,665 DownREIT partnership units outstanding. The DownREIT partnerships are consolidated for financial reporting purposes.

18


 

Profile of Current, Development and Unconsolidated Communities (1)
(Dollars in thousands, except per apartment home data)
                                                                                         
                                                    Average economic     Average        
                Approx.             Year of   Average     Physical     occupancy     rental rate     Financial  
        Number of     rentable area             completion/   size     occupancy at                     $ per     $ per     reporting cost  
    City and state   homes     (Sq. Ft.)     Acres     acquisition   (Sq. Ft.)     12/31/05     2005     2004     Apt (4)     Sq. Ft.     (5)  
 
                                                                                       
CURRENT COMMUNITIES
                                                                                       
 
                                                                                       
NORTHEAST
                                                                                       
Boston, MA
                                                                                       
Avalon at Center Place (11)
  Providence, RI     225       222,834       1.2     1991/1997     990       92.0 %     95.6 %     94.9 %   $ 2,129     $ 2.05     $ 28,470  
Avalon at Crane Brook
  Danvers & Peabody, MA     387       410,454       20.0     N/A     1,271       94.6 %     85.6 %(3)     40.4 %     1,317       1.06 (3)     54,311  
Avalon at Faxon Park
  Quincy, MA     171       175,649       8.3     1998     1,027       95.3 %     95.7 %     95.6 %     1,593       1.48       15,521  
Avalon at Flanders Hill
  Westborough, MA     280       299,828       62.0     2003     1,099       97.1 %     97.0 %     94.6 %     1,475       1.34       37,179  
Avalon at Lexington
  Lexington, MA     198       230,277       16.1     1994     1,163       95.5 %     97.1 %     97.1 %     1,737       1.45       15,833  
Avalon at Newton Highlands (8)
  Newton, MA     294       339,484       7.0     2003     1,177       96.3 %     96.0 %     88.8 %     2,136       1.77       56,628  
Avalon at Prudential Center
  Boston, MA     781       732,237       1.0     1968/1998     938       99.2 %     96.8 %(2)     96.3 %(2)     2,820       2.91 (2)     156,501  
Avalon at Steven’s Pond
  Saugus, MA     326       381,825       82.6     2004     1,106       96.9 %     94.6 %     84.0 %(3)     1,586       1.28       54,306  
Avalon at The Pinehills I
  Plymouth, MA     101       151,712       6.0     2004     1,954       97.0 %     83.9 %     31.1 %     1,819       1.02       19,893  
Avalon Essex
  Peabody, MA     154       198,478       11.1     2000     1,289       97.4 %     96.6 %     96.8 %(3)     1,637       1.23       21,753  
Avalon Estates
  Hull, MA     162       193,418       55.0     2001     1,194       95.1 %     94.9 %     96.2 %     1,523       1.21       20,358  
Avalon Ledges
  Weymouth, MA     304       329,822       57.6     2002     1,023       93.8 %     94.3 %     94.1 %     1,438       1.25       36,271  
Avalon Oaks
  Wilmington, MA     204       229,752       22.5     1999     1,023       90.7 %     93.5 %     94.9 %     1,522       1.26       21,204  
Avalon Oaks West
  Wilmington, MA     120       133,376       27.0     2002     1,033       96.7 %     93.8 %     93.6 %     1,412       1.19       16,847  
Avalon Orchards
  Marlborough, MA     156       176,497       23.0     2002     1,219       98.1 %     97.2 %     95.0 %     1,503       1.29       21,076  
Avalon Summit
  Quincy, MA     245       224,418       8.0     1986/1996     916       96.3 %     95.2 %     95.7 %     1,229       1.28       16,975  
Avalon West
  Westborough, MA     120       147,472       8.0     1996     1,229       96.7 %     96.7 %     95.8 %     1,426       1.12       11,292  
Essex Place
  Peabody, MA     286       250,322       18.0     2004     875       97.2 %     96.3 %     91.7 %     1,008       1.11       23,728  
 
                                                                                       
Fairfield-New Haven, CT
                                                                                       
Avalon at Greyrock Place
  Stamford, CT     306       314,600       3.0     2002     1,040       99.0 %     97.6 %     96.6 %     1,983       1.88       70,341  
Avalon Corners
  Stamford, CT     195       192,174       3.2     2000     986       97.9 %     97.3 %     94.9 %     1,927       1.90       31,857  
Avalon Danbury
  Danbury, CT     234       235,320       36.0     2005     1,006       82.1 %     40.8 %(3)     0.0 %     1,912       0.78 (3)     35,291  
Avalon Darien
  Darien, CT     189       242,533       32.0     2004     1,282       95.8 %     97.7 %     84.2 %(3)     2,223       1.69       41,513  
Avalon Gates
  Trumbull, CT     340       379,282       37.0     1997     1,116       98.5 %     96.3 %     88.2 %     1,492       1.29       36,941  
Avalon Glen
  Stamford, CT     238       229,644       4.1     1991     965       99.2 %     98.0 %     95.6 %     1,761       1.79       32,013  
Avalon Haven
  North Haven, CT     128       139,972       10.6     2000     1,094       97.7 %     95.9 %     96.8 %     1,526       1.34       13,934  
Avalon Milford I
  Milford, CT     246       216,746       22.0     2004     886       98.4 %     93.9 %     47.3 %(3)     1,280       1.36       31,421  
Avalon New Canaan (7)
  New Canaan, CT     104       131,782       9.1     2002     1,251       92.3 %     96.4 %     93.2 %     2,676       2.04       24,319  
Avalon on Stamford Harbor
  Stamford, CT     323       323,587       12.1     2003     1,002       94.1 %     96.5 %     94.8 %     2,230       2.15       62,858  
Avalon Orange
  Orange, CT     168       163,238       9.6     2005     972       99.4 %     64.1 %(3)     5.6 %     1,436       0.95 (3)     21,931  
Avalon Springs
  Wilton, CT     102       158,259       12.0     1996     1,552       92.2 %     93.9 %     95.4 %     2,754       1.67       17,137  
Avalon Valley
  Danbury, CT     268       300,044       17.1     1999     1,070       98.1 %     94.9 %     95.6 %     1,603       1.36       26,193  
Avalon Walk I & II
  Hamden, CT     764       766,604       38.4     1992/1994     996       96.5 %     93.2 %     92.8 %     695       0.64       59,372  

19


 

Profile of Current, Development and Unconsolidated Communities (1)
(Dollars in thousands, except per apartment home data)
                                                                                         
                                                    Average economic     Average        
                Approx.             Year of   Average     Physical     occupancy     rental rate     Financial  
        Number of     rentable area             completion/   size     occupancy at                     $ per     $ per     reporting cost  
    City and state   homes     (Sq. Ft.)     Acres     acquisition   (Sq. Ft.)     12/31/05     2005     2004     Apt (4)     Sq. Ft.     (5)  
Long Island, NY
                                                                                       
Avalon at Glen Cove South
  Glen Cove, NY     256       261,425       4.0     2004     1,050       96.1 %     95.8 %     46.8 %(3)     2,139       2.01       67,575  
Avalon Commons
  Smithtown, NY     312       377,240       20.6     1997     1,209       98.4 %     97.4 %     97.7 %     1,966       1.58       33,602  
Avalon Court
  Melville, NY     494       596,942       35.4     1997/2000     1,208       96.8 %     96.8 %     95.4 %     2,270       1.82       59,685  
Avalon Pines I
  Coram, NY     298       362,124       32.0     2005     1,485       95.6 %     71.6 %(3)     8.3 %     1,716       1.01 (3)     50,312  
Avalon Towers
  Long Beach, NY     109       124,611       1.3     1990/1995     1,143       96.3 %     97.7 %(2)     97.0 %     3,209       2.74 (2)     21,184  
 
                                                                                       
Northern New Jersey
                                                                                       
Avalon at Edgewater
  Edgewater, NJ     408       428,611       7.6     2002     1,051       96.1 %     96.3 %     92.8 %     2,063       1.89       74,927  
Avalon at Florham Park
  Florham Park, NJ     270       330,410       41.9     2001     1,224       98.1 %     96.4 %     93.4 %     2,310       1.82       41,743  
Avalon Cove
  Jersey City, NJ     504       575,334       11.0     1997     1,142       97.2 %     97.5 %     96.2 %     2,436       2.08       92,564  
 
                                                                                       
Central New Jersey
                                                                                       
Avalon at Freehold
  Freehold, NJ     296       317,331       40.3     2002     1,072       97.0 %     95.6 %     95.3 %     1,657       1.48       34,526  
Avalon Run East
  Lawrenceville, NJ     206       257,938       27.1     1996     1,287       94.7 %     96.0 %     94.9 %     1,561       1.20       16,358  
Avalon Run East II
  Lawrenceville, NJ     312       341,320       70.5     N/A     1,095       96.8 %     87.6 %(3)     28.9 %     1,578       1.26 (3)     52,084  
Avalon Watch
  West Windsor, NJ     512       486,069       64.4     1988     949       95.7 %     95.3 %     94.4 %     1,325       1.33       30,137  
 
                                                                                       
New York, NY
                                                                                       
Avalon Gardens
  Nanuet, NY     504       608,842       62.5     1998     1,208       97.8 %     97.8 %     95.9 %     1,957       1.58       54,817  
Avalon Green
  Elmsford, NY     105       113,538       16.9     1995     1,081       98.1 %     96.3 %     94.2 %     2,064       1.84       12,826  
Avalon on the Sound (11)
  New Rochelle, NY     412       372,860       2.4     2001     905       96.4 %     96.2 %     93.0 %     2,125       2.26       116,359  
Avalon Riverview I (11)
  Long Island City, NY     372       332,947       1.0     2002     895       97.0 %     96.7 %     94.4 %     2,794       3.02       94,442  
Avalon View
  Wappingers Falls, NY     288       327,547       41.0     1993     1,137       92.4 %     92.7 %     93.6 %     1,327       1.08       19,099  
Avalon Willow
  Mamaroneck, NY     227       199,842       4.0     2000     880       99.6 %     96.4 %     95.0 %     1,969       2.16       47,394  
The Avalon
  Bronxville, NY     110       119,410       1.5     1999     1,085       98.2 %     96.4 %     94.8 %     3,263       2.90       31,335  
 
                                                                                       
MID-ATLANTIC
                                                                                       
Baltimore, MD
                                                                                       
Avalon at Fairway Hills I & II
  Columbia, MD     401       386,344       23.8     1987/1996     1,005       97.7 %     94.7 %     95.7 %     1,108       1.09       22,389  
Avalon at Fairway Hills III
  Columbia, MD     342       337,683       20.2     1987/1996     1,005       94.9 %     91.1 %(2)     N/A       1,076       0.99 (2)     28,237  
Avalon at Symphony Glen
  Columbia, MD     176       179,880       10.0     1986     1,022       87.5 %     95.9 %     96.4 %     1,176       1.10       9,308  
Avalon Landing
  Annapolis, MD     158       117,033       13.8     1984/1995     741       100.0 %     97.2 %     96.2 %     1,100       1.44       10,028  
 
                                                                                       
Washington, DC
                                                                                       
AutumnWoods
  Fairfax, VA     420       355,228       24.3     1989/1996     846       93.6 %     95.2 %     96.6 %     1,147       1.29       31,218  
Avalon at Arlington Square
  Arlington, VA     842       901,120       20.1     2001     1,070       97.0 %     94.7 %     94.6 %     1,612       1.43       112,544  
Avalon at Ballston — Washington Towers
  Arlington, VA     344       294,954       4.1     1990     857       99.1 %     97.2 %     97.0 %     1,501       1.70       37,950  
Avalon at Cameron Court
  Alexandria, VA     460       467,292       16.0     1998     1,016       98.9 %     95.3 %     95.1 %     1,593       1.49       43,445  
Avalon at Decoverly
  Rockville, MD     368       368,374       24.0     1991/1995     1,001       98.4 %     95.3 %     95.2 %     1,282       1.22       32,036  
Avalon at Foxhall
  Washington, DC     308       297,875       2.7     1982     967       95.8 %     94.3 %     91.8 %(2)     1,934       1.89       44,060  
Avalon at Gallery Place I
  Washington, DC     203       184,230       0.5     2003     903       97.0 %     95.6 %     73.5 %     2,076       2.19       48,816  
Avalon at Grosvenor Station (8)
  North Bethesda, MD     497       477,459       10.0     2004     963       98.4 %     95.7 %     68.0 %(3)     1,466       1.46       81,453  
Avalon at Providence Park
  Fairfax, VA     141       148,282       9.3     1988/1997     1,052       97.2 %     96.8 %     96.8 %     1,301       1.20       11,521  
Avalon at Rock Spring (9) (11)
  North Bethesda, MD     386       388,232       10.2     2003     1,006       96.6 %     94.9 %     88.9 %     1,539       1.45       46,035  
Avalon at Traville
  North Potomac, MD     520       573,717       47.9     2004     1,103       97.1 %     94.7 %     58.2 %(3)     1,470       1.26       69,891  
Avalon Crescent
  McLean, VA     558       613,426       19.1     1996     1,099       96.1 %     96.2 %     95.4 %     1,675       1.47       57,571  
Avalon Fields I & II
  North Potomac, MD     288       292,282       9.2     1998     1,050       94.4 %     95.2 %     97.0 %     1,296       1.22       22,750  
Avalon Knoll
  Germantown, MD     300       290,544       26.7     1985     968       99.3 %     95.8 %     94.8 %     1,078       1.07       9,199  

20


 

Profile of Current, Development and Unconsolidated Communities (1)
(Dollars in thousands, except per apartment home data)
                                                                                         
                                                    Average economic     Average        
                Approx.             Year of   Average     Physical     occupancy     rental rate     Financial  
        Number of     rentable area             completion/   size     occupancy at                     $ per     $ per     reporting cost  
    City and state   homes     (Sq. Ft.)     Acres     acquisition   (Sq. Ft.)     12/31/05     2005     2004     Apt (4)     Sq. Ft.     (5)  
MIDWEST
                                                                                       
Chicago, IL
                                                                                       
200 Arlington Place
  Arlington Heights, IL     409       346,416       2.8     1987/2000     848       95.4 %     95.0 %     92.1 %     1,301       1.46       50,160  
Avalon at Danada Farms (8)
  Wheaton, IL     295       350,606       19.2     1997     1,188       94.2 %     95.6 %     93.6 %     1,289       1.04       38,556  
Avalon at Stratford Green (8)
  Bloomingdale, IL     192       237,084       12.7     1997     1,235       96.9 %     95.1 %     93.2 %     1,289       0.99       22,163  
Avalon at West Grove (8)
  Westmont, IL     400       388,500       17.4     1967     971       93.3 %     96.2 %     93.6 %     850       0.84       31,035  
 
                                                                                       
PACIFIC NORTHWEST
                                                                                       
Seattle, WA
                                                                                       
Avalon at Bear Creek (8)
  Redmond, WA     264       288,250       22.2     1998     1,092       97.0 %     94.6 %     93.8 %     1,109       0.96       34,766  
Avalon Bellevue
  Bellevue, WA     202       167,069       1.7     2001     827       96.5 %     95.8 %     94.5 %     1,236       1.43       30,862  
Avalon Belltown
  Seattle, WA     100       82,418       0.7     2001     824       94.0 %     95.5 %     94.5 %     1,474       1.71       18,423  
Avalon Brandemoor (8)
  Lynwood, WA     424       453,602       27.0     2001     1,070       96.0 %     96.6 %     95.6 %     925       0.84       45,584  
Avalon HighGrove (8)
  Everett, WA     391       422,482       19.0     2000     1,081       96.4 %     94.9 %     95.6 %     888       0.78       39,776  
Avalon Juanita Village (10)
  Kirkland, WA     211       207,511       2.9     2005     983       94.8 %     45.4 %(3)     N/A       1,380       0.64 (3)     44,077  
Avalon ParcSquare (8)
  Redmond, WA     124       126,951       2.0     2000     1,024       96.0 %     95.4 %     94.4 %     1,293       1.20       19,244  
Avalon Redmond Place (8)
  Redmond, WA     222       211,450       8.4     1991/1997     952       95.5 %     96.4 %     95.3 %     1,033       1.04       26,167  
Avalon RockMeadow (8)
  Bothell, WA     206       243,958       11.2     2000     1,184       97.1 %     95.0 %     94.7 %     1,026       0.82       24,712  
Avalon WildReed (8)
  Everett, WA     234       259,080       23.0     2000     1,107       96.2 %     95.7 %     95.2 %     875       0.76       23,063  
Avalon Wynhaven (8)
  Issaquah, WA     333       424,803       11.6     2001     1,276       94.9 %     94.0 %     91.3 %     1,185       0.87       52,734  
 
                                                                                       
NORTHERN CALIFORNIA
                                                                                       
Oakland-East Bay, CA
                                                                                       
Avalon at Union Square
  Union City, CA     208       150,320       8.5     1973/1996     723       98.6 %     96.9 %     95.6 %     1,031       1.38       22,513  
Avalon at Willow Creek
  Fremont, CA     235       191,935       13.5     1985/1994     817       97.9 %     96.9 %     95.5 %     1,236       1.47       35,614  
Avalon Dublin
  Dublin, CA     204       179,004       13.0     1989/1997     877       96.6 %     96.2 %     95.1 %     1,319       1.45       27,388  
Avalon Fremont I
  Fremont, CA     308       316,052       14.3     1994     1,026       98.4 %     96.3 %     95.3 %     1,456       1.37       55,906  
Avalon Pleasanton
  Pleasanton, CA     456       366,062       14.7     1988/1994     803       98.7 %     95.9 %     95.0 %     1,219       1.46       61,394  
Waterford
  Hayward, CA     544       452,043       11.1     1985/1986     831       95.6 %     94.9 %     93.0 %     1,125       1.28       60,892  
 
                                                                                       
San Francisco, CA
                                                                                       
Avalon at Cedar Ridge
  Daly City, CA     195       141,411       7.0     1972/1997     725       96.4 %     96.0 %     95.7 %     1,356       1.80       26,136  
Avalon at Diamond Heights
  San Francisco, CA     154       123,047       3.0     1972/1994     799       98.1 %     95.9 %     96.2 %     1,597       1.92       25,119  
Avalon at Mission Bay North
  San Francisco, CA     250       243,089       1.4     2003     977       97.6 %     95.5 %     94.2 %     2,636       2.59       92,646  
Avalon at Nob Hill
  San Francisco, CA     185       108,745       1.4     1990/1995     588       96.2 %     96.3 %     95.5 %     1,528       2.50       28,056  
Avalon Foster City
  Foster City, CA     288       222,364       11.0     1973/1994     772       97.9 %     97.0 %     96.2 %     1,255       1.58       43,338  
Avalon Pacifica
  Pacifica, CA     220       186,800       21.9     1971/1995     849       98.6 %     96.1 %     95.6 %     1,422       1.61       31,883  
Avalon Sunset Towers
  San Francisco, CA     243       171,800       16.0     1961/1996     707       95.9 %     97.4 %     96.0 %     1,613       2.22       28,731  
Avalon Towers by the Bay
  San Francisco, CA     226       243,090       1.0     1999     1,076       98.7 %     96.2 %     95.3 %     2,554       2.28       67,002  
Crowne Ridge
  San Rafael, CA     254       221,635       21.9     1973/1996     873       97.6 %     95.8 %     94.8 %     1,266       1.39       32,708  

21


 

Profile of Current, Development and Unconsolidated Communities (1)
(Dollars in thousands, except per apartment home data)
                                                                                         
                                                    Average economic     Average        
                Approx.             Year of   Average     Physical     occupancy     rental rate     Financial  
        Number of     rentable area             completion/   size     occupancy at                     $ per     $ per     reporting cost  
    City and state   homes     (Sq. Ft.)     Acres     acquisition   (Sq. Ft.)     12/31/05     2005     2004     Apt (4)     Sq. Ft.     (5)  
San Jose, CA
                                                                                       
Avalon at Blossom Hill
  San Jose, CA     324       323,496       7.5     1995     998       99.1 %     96.2 %     95.1 %     1,391       1.34       61,751  
Avalon at Cahill Park
  San Jose, CA     218       218,177       3.8     2002     1,001       95.4 %     97.1 %     95.6 %     1,716       1.66       52,525  
Avalon at Creekside
  Mountain View, CA     294       215,680       13.0     1962/1997     734       97.3 %     96.5 %     95.6 %     1,178       1.55       43,292  
Avalon at Foxchase I & II
  San Jose, CA     396       334,956       12.0     1988/1987     844       98.0 %     96.0 %     96.5 %     1,166       1.32       60,299  
Avalon at Parkside
  Sunnyvale, CA     192       203,990       8.0     1991/1996     1,062       99.5 %     97.4 %     97.0 %     1,535       1.41       38,042  
Avalon at Pruneyard
  Campbell, CA     252       197,000       8.5     1968/1997     782       98.0 %     97.0 %     97.6 %     1,165       1.45       31,954  
Avalon at River Oaks
  San Jose, CA     226       210,050       4.0     1990/1996     929       98.7 %     96.7 %     95.9 %     1,360       1.41       44,989  
Avalon Campbell
  Campbell, CA     348       326,796       10.8     1995     939       98.9 %     96.2 %     95.7 %     1,430       1.46       60,083  
Avalon Cupertino
  Cupertino, CA     311       293,726       8.0     1999     944       96.5 %     96.7 %     96.3 %     1,589       1.63       49,157  
Avalon Mountain View (7)
  Mountain View, CA     248       211,552       10.5     1986     853       96.4 %     95.1 %     96.5 %     1,482       1.65       51,189  
Avalon on the Alameda
  San Jose, CA     305       299,762       8.9     1999     983       98.7 %     95.2 %     95.3 %     1,701       1.65       56,481  
Avalon Rosewalk
  San Jose, CA     456       448,488       16.6     1997/1999     984       96.5 %     95.7 %     95.4 %     1,346       1.31       78,578  
Avalon Silicon Valley
  Sunnyvale, CA     710       653,929       13.6     1997     921       96.3 %     95.8 %     95.4 %     1,621       1.69       121,821  
Avalon Towers on the Peninsula
  Mountain View, CA     211       218,392       1.9     2002     1,035       99.5 %     96.7 %     95.5 %     2,231       2.09       65,750  
CountryBrook (8)
  San Jose, CA     360       322,992       14.0     1985/1996     897       98.3 %     96.8 %     95.4 %     1,236       1.33       48,656  
San Marino
  San Jose, CA     248       209,000       11.5     1984/1988     843       98.8 %     96.7 %     96.2 %     1,168       1.34       34,628  
 
                                                                                       
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
                                                                                       
Los Angeles, CA
                                                                                       
Avalon at Media Center
  Burbank, CA     748       530,084       14.1     1961/1997     709       97.2 %     95.9 %     95.9 %     1,273       1.72       76,073  
Avalon at Warner Center
  Woodland Hills, CA     227       191,114       7.0     1979/1998     842       96.9 %     97.5 %     96.2 %     1,482       1.72       26,743  
Avalon Glendale (11)
  Burbank, CA     223       241,714       5.1     2003     1,084       92.8 %     95.7 %     86.1 %     2,048       1.81       40,233  
Avalon Woodland Hills
  Woodland Hills, CA     663       594,396       18.2     1989/1997     897       94.3 %     96.0 %     95.1 %     1,386       1.48       72,072  
The Promenade
  Burbank, CA     400       360,587       6.9     1988/2002     901       96.5 %     96.9 %     94.7 %     1,629       1.75       71,003  
 
                                                                                       
Orange County, CA
                                                                                       
Avalon at Pacific Bay
  Huntington Beach, CA     304       268,000       9.7     1971/1997     882       97.4 %     96.7 %     96.3 %     1,362       1.49       32,124  
Avalon at South Coast
  Costa Mesa, CA     258       207,672       8.0     1973/1996     805       99.2 %     97.2 %     95.8 %     1,256       1.52       25,247  
Avalon Mission Viejo
  Mission Viejo, CA     166       124,600       7.8     1984/1996     751       97.0 %     95.4 %     95.0 %     1,156       1.47       13,617  
Avalon Newport
  Costa Mesa, CA     145       122,415       6.6     1956/1996     844       98.6 %     97.5 %     95.9 %     1,455       1.68       10,353  
Avalon Santa Margarita
  Rancho Santa Margarita, CA     301       229,593       20.0     1990/1997     763       96.7 %     96.5 %     95.0 %     1,220       1.54       24,145  
 
                                                                                       
San Diego, CA
                                                                                       
Avalon at Cortez Hill
  San Diego, CA     294       226,140       1.4     1973/1998     769       95.6 %     95.0 %     97.0 %     1,352       1.67       34,531  
Avalon at Mission Bay
  San Diego, CA     564       402,285       12.9     1969/1997     713       95.9 %     95.1 %     95.2 %     1,322       1.76       66,194  
Avalon at Mission Ridge
  San Diego, CA     200       207,625       4.0     1960/1997     1,038       99.5 %     96.1 %     96.0 %     1,453       1.34       22,288  

22


 

Profile of Current, Development and Unconsolidated Communities (1)
(Dollars in thousands, except per apartment home data)
                                                                                         
                                                    Average economic     Average        
                Approx.             Year of   Average     Physical     occupancy     rental rate     Financial  
        Number of     rentable area             completion/   size     occupancy at                     $ per     $ per     reporting cost  
    City and state   homes     (Sq. Ft.)     Acres     acquisition   (Sq. Ft.)     12/31/05     2005     2004     Apt (4)     Sq. Ft.     (5)  
 
                                                                                       
DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES
                                                                                       
 
                                                                                       
Avalon at Bedford Center
  Bedford, MA     139       159,704       38.0     N/A     1,149       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       24,131  
Avalon at Decoverly II
  Rockville, MD     196       182,560       10.8     N/A     931       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       12,225  
Avalon at Glen Cove North
  Glen Cove, NY     111       101,161       1.3     N/A     911       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       4,684  
Avalon at Lyndhurst
  Lyndhurst, NJ     328       331,122       5.8     N/A     1,010       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       31,261  
Avalon Wilshire
  Los Angeles, CA     123       125,109       1.6     N/A     1,017       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       17,587  
Avalon Camarillo
  Camarillo, CA     249       233,267       10.0     N/A     937       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       34,330  
Avalon Chestnut Hill
  Chestnut Hill, MA     204       275,563       4.7     N/A     1,351       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       27,767  
Avalon Chrystie Place II
  New York, NY     206       162,000       1.1     N/A     786       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       30,067  
Avalon Danvers
  Danvers, MA     433       493,095       75.0     N/A     1,139       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       8,896  
Avalon Del Rey (12)
  Los Angeles, CA     309       284,636       5.0     N/A     921       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       56,570  
Avalon Pines II
  Corum, NY     152       185,954       42.0     N/A     1,223       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       18,709  
Avalon Riverview North
  Long Island City, NY     602       477,657       1.8     N/A     793       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       —  
Avalon Shrewsbury
  Shrewbury, MA     251       209,548       25.5     N/A     835       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       9,266  
Avalon Woburn
  Woburn, MA     446       483,995       56.0     N/A     1,085       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       6,104  
 
                                                                                       
UNCONSOLIDATED COMMUNITIES
                                                                                       
 
                                                                                       
Avalon at Poplar Creek (6)
  Schaumburg, IL     196       178,490       12.8     1986     911       95.9 %     94.3 %(3)     N/A       1,058       1.10 (3)     N/A  
Avalon Bedford (9)
  Stamford, CT     368       311,873       4.6     1961/1998     819       97.3 %     94.9 %     94.2 %     1,530       1.71       N/A  
Avalon Chrystie Place I (9)(11)
  New York, NY     361       266,940       1.5     2005     739       92.2 %     62.5 %(3)     N/A       1,563       1.32 (3)     N/A  
Avalon Columbia (6)
  Columbia, MD     170       177,284       11.3     1989/2004     1,043       90.0 %     84.4 %(2)     91.1 %(3)     1,221       0.99 (2)     N/A  
Avalon Grove (9)
  Stamford, CT     402       365,252       5.1     1996     906       97.0 %     96.6 %     94.5 %     1,969       2.09       N/A  
Avalon Lakeside (6)
  Wheaton, IL     204       162,821       12.4     2004     798       96.9 %     79.6 %     90.0 %(3)     891       0.89 (2)     N/A  
Avalon Redondo Beach (6)
  Redondo Beach, CA     105       85,380       1.2     1971/2004     813       92.4 %     95.9 %     91.2 %(3)     1,779       2.10       N/A  
Avalon Run (7)
  Lawrenceville, NJ     426       443,168       9.0     1994     1,010       94.1 %     95.5 %     91.6 %     1,318       1.21       N/A  
Civic Center (6)
  Norwalk, CA     192       173,568       8.7     1987     904       97.4 %     98.6 %(3)     N/A       1,464       1.60 (3)     N/A  
Fuller Martel (6)
  Los Angeles, CA     82       71,846       0.8     1987     876       97.6 %     97.4 %(3)     N/A       1,610       1.79 (3)     N/A  
Paseo Park (6)
  Fremont, CA     134       105,900       7.0     1987     790       97.0 %     96.0 %(3)     N/A       1,165       1.41 (3)     N/A  
Ravenswood at the Park (6)
  Redmond, WA     400       340,448       24.0     1983/2004     851       97.0 %     93.9 %     87.7 %(3)     933       1.03       N/A  
Avalon at Mission Bay North II (9)(11)(13)
  San Francisco, CA     313       291,817       1.5     N/A     932       N/A       N/A (3)     N/A       N/A       N/A (3)     N/A  
(1)   We own a fee simple interest in the communities listed, excepted as noted below.
 
(2)   Represents community which was under redevelopment during the year, resulting in lower average economic occupancy and average rental rate per square foot for the year.
 
(3)   Represents community that completed development or was purchased during the year, which could result in lower average economic occupancy and average rental rate per square foot for the year.
 
(4)   Represents the average rental revenue per occupied apartment home.
 
(5)   Costs are presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. For current Development Communities, cost represents total costs incurred through December 31, 2005. Financial reporting costs are excluded for unconsolidated communities, see Note 6, “Investments in Unconsolidated Entities.”
 
(6)   We own a 15.2% combined general partnership and indirect limited partner equity interest in this community.
 
(7)   We own a general partnership interest in a partnership that owns a fee simple interest in this community.
 
(8)   We own a general partnership interest in a partnership structured as a DownREIT that owns this community.
 
(9)   We own a membership interest in a limited liability company that holds a fee simple interest in this community.
 
(10)   This community recently completed construction and will be transferred to a joint venture upon satisfaction of certain conditions. We will, own a residual interest in the joint venture with a third party and will receive a property management fee for this community.
 
(11)   Community is located on land subject to a land lease.
 
(12)   This community will be subject to a joint venture arrangement upon construction completion.
 
(13)   This community is in development and is being financed under a joint venture structure with third-party financing, in which the community is owned by a limited liability company managed by one of our wholly-owned subsidiaries.

23


 

Features and Recreational Amenities — Current and Development Communities
 
                                                                            Washer &               Large               Non-        
    1 BR     2BR     3BR                                     dryer               storage or   Balcony,           direct   Direct   Homes w/ pre-
                                            Studios /                     Parking     hook-ups or   Vaulted           walk-in   patio, deck   Built-in       access   access   wired security
    1/1.5 BA     1/1.5 BA     2/2.5/3 BA     2/2.5 BA     3BA     efficiencies     Other     Total     spaces     units   ceilings   Lofts   Fireplaces   closet   or sunroom   bookcases   Carports   garages   garages   systems
CURRENT COMMUNITIES (1)    
 
                                                                                                                   
NORTHEAST
                                                                                                                   
Boston, MA
                                                                                                                   
Avalon at Center Place
    103       —       112       4       —       6       —       225       371     All   None   None   None   Some   Some   None   No   No   No   None
Avalon at Crane Brook
    162       12       175       38       —       —       —       387       658     All   Some   Some   Some   All   All   None   No   Yes   No   All
Avalon at Faxon Park
    68       —       75       28       —       —       —       171       327     All   Some   Some   Some   Most   All   None   No   Yes   No   All
Avalon at Flanders Hill
    108       22       120       30       —       —       —       280       589     All   Some   Some   Some   All   All   None   No   Yes   Yes   All
Avalon at Lexington
    28       25       89       56       —       —               198       362     All   Some   Some   Some   Most   All   None   Yes   Yes   No   None
Avalon at Newton Highlands
    90       40       99       55       4       6       —       294       551     All   Some   Some   Some   Most   Most   None   No   No   No   All
Avalon at Prudential Center
    361       —       242       —       29       149       —       781       538     None   None   None   None   Most   Some   None   No   No   No   None
Avalon at Steven’s Pond
    102       —       202       22       —       —       —       326       749     All   Some   Some   Some   All   All   None   No   Yes   Yes   All
Avalon at The Pinehills I
    12       —       73       16       —       —       —       101       235     All   Most   Some   Some   All   All   None   No   No   Yes   All
Avalon Essex
    50       —       104       —       —       —       —       154       336     All   Some   Some   Half   Most   All   None   No   Yes   Yes   All
Avalon Estates
    66       16       80       —       —       —       —       162       345     All   Some   Half   Some   All   All   None   No   Yes   Yes   All
Avalon Ledges
    124       28       124       28       —       —       —       304       594     All   Some   Some   Some   All   All   None   No   Yes   No   All
Avalon Oaks
    60       24       96       24       —       —       —       204       394     All   Some   Some   Some   All   All   None   No   Yes   No   All
Avalon Oaks West
    48       12       48       12       —       —       —       120       232     All   Some   Some   Some   All   All   None   No   Yes   No   All
Avalon Orchards
    69       87       —       —       —       —       —       156       307     All   Some   Some   Some   All   All   None   No   Yes   Yes   All
Avalon Summit
    154       58       31       1       —       —       1       245       359     None   None   None   None   Some   Most   None   No   No   Yes   None
Avalon West
    40       —       55       25       —       —       —       120       285     All   Some   Some   Some   All   Half   None   No   Yes   Yes   All
Essex Place
    40       246       —       —       —       —       —       286       450     Some   None   None   None   Some   Some   None   No   No   No   None
 
                                                                                                                   
Fairfield-New Haven, CT
                                                                                                                   
Avalon at Greyrock Place
    52       91       99       12       —       —       52       306       464     All   None   None   None   Most   All   None   No   No   No   All
Avalon Corners
    118       —       77       —       —       —       —       195       273     All   Some   Some   Some   All   All   None   No   Yes   No   All
Avalon Danbury
    112       —       98       24       —       —       —       234       54     All   None   Some   Some   Some   All   None   No   Yes   No   Some
Avalon Darien
    77       —       80       32       —       —       —       189       443     All   All   Some   Some   All   All   None   No   Yes   Yes   All
Avalon Gates
    122       —       168       50       —       —       —       340       688     All   Some   Some   Half   All   All   None   Yes   Yes   No   All
Avalon Glen
    112       —       125       1       —       —       —       238       363     Most   Some   Some   Some   Some   Most   Some   Yes   No   Yes   Most
Avalon Haven
    28       —       40       24       —       —       36       128       256     All   Some   Some   Some   All   All   None   Yes   Yes   No   All
Avalon Milford I
    184       —       62       —       —       —       —       246       426     All   Some   None   Some   Some   All   None   Yes   Yes   No   All
Avalon New Canaan
    16       —       64       24       —       —       —       104       194     All   Some   Some   Some   All   All   None   No   Yes   Yes   All
Avalon on Stamford Harbor
    159       —       130       20       —       14       —       323       503     All   Some   Some   Some   All   Most   None   No   No   No   All
Avalon Orange
    84       —       28       28       —       —       28       168       362     All   Some   Some   Some   All   All   None   Yes   No   No   All
Avalon Springs
    —       —       70       32       —       —       —       102       264     All   Half   Half   Most   All   All   None   No   No   Yes   All
Avalon Valley
    106       —       134       28       —       —       —       268       637     All   Some   Some   Some   All   All   None   Yes   Yes   No   All
Avalon Walk I & II
    272       116       122       98       —       —       156       764       1,411     All   Some   Some   Some   Most   All   None   Yes   No   No   Half
 
                                                                                                                   
Long Island, NY
                                                                                                                   
Avalon at Glen Cove South
    124       —       91       —       —       41       —       256       366     All   None   None   Some   All   Some   None   No   No   Some   Some
Avalon Commons
    128       40       112       32       —       —       —       312       485     All   Some   Some   Some   All   All   None   No   Yes   No   All
Avalon Court
    172       54       194       74       —       —       —       494       797     All   Half   Half   Some   Some   All   None   No   Yes   Yes   All
Avalon Pines I
    72       —       220       —       6       —       —       298       1,094     All   Most   Some   Some   Most   All   None   No   Yes   Yes   All
Avalon Towers
    —       —       38       —       3       1       67       109       198     All   None   None   None   Most   Most   None   No   Yes   No   None
 
                                                                                                                   
Northern New Jersey
                                                                                                                   
Avalon at Edgewater
    158       —       190       60       —       —       —       408       872     All   Some   Some   Some   All   Half   None   No   No   Yes   Some
Avalon at Florham Park
    46       —       162       62       —       —       —       270       583     All   All   None   Some   Most   Some   None   No   No   Yes   All
Avalon Cove
    197       —       231       26       2       —       48       504       460     All   Some   Some   Some   All   Some   None   No   Yes   No   None
 
                                                                                                                   
Central New Jersey
                                                                                                                   
Avalon at Freehold
    40       24       192       40       —       —       —       296       591     All   Some   Some   Half   All   All   None   No   Yes   No   None
Avalon Run East
    64       106       —       36       —       —       —       206       401     All   Some   Some   Some   Most   Most   None   Yes   Yes   Yes   All
Avalon Run East II
    72       36       148       56       —       —       —       312       500     All   Some   Some   Some   Some   All   None   Yes   Yes   Yes   All
Avalon Watch
    252       48       172       40       —       —       —       512       781     All   Some   None   Half   All   All   None   No   Yes   No   None

24


 

Features and Recreational Amenities — Current and Development Communities
 
                                                                            Washer &               Large               Non-        
    1 BR     2BR     3BR                                     dryer               storage or   Balcony,           direct   Direct   Homes w/ pre-
                                            Studios /                     Parking     hook-ups or   Vaulted           walk-in   patio, deck   Built-in       access   access   wired security
    1/1.5 BA     1/1.5 BA     2/2.5/3 BA     2/2.5 BA     3BA     efficiencies     Other     Total     spaces     units   ceilings   Lofts   Fireplaces   closet   or sunroom   bookcases   Carports   garages   garages   systems
New York, NY
                                                                                                                   
Avalon Gardens
    208       48       144       104       —       —       —       504       1,382     All   Half   Half   Some   All   All   Some   Yes   Yes   Yes   All
Avalon Green
    25       24       56       —       —       —       —       105       208     All   Some   Some   Some   All   All   None   Yes   No   No   All
Avalon on the Sound
    142       —       185       21       21       43       —       412       648     Most   Some   Some   None   Most   Some   None   No   No   Yes   None
Avalon Riverview I
    186       —       114       15       14       43       —       372       426     All   None   Some   None   Most   Some   None   No   No   Yes   None
Avalon View
    112       47       65       64       —       —       —       288       598     All   Some   Some   Some   Most   All   None   Yes   No   No   None
Avalon Willow
    151       —       76       —       —       —       —       227       371     All   Some   Some   Some   Some   All   None   No   No   No   No
The Avalon
    55       2       43       10       —       —       —       110       170     All   Some   Some   Some   Most   Half   None   No   No   Yes   All
 
                                                                                                                   
MID-ATLANTIC
                                                                                                                   
Baltimore, MD
                                                                                                                   
Avalon at Fairway Hills I & II
    185       78       100       38       —       —       —       401       283     All   Some   None   Most   Some   All   Some   No   No   No   None
Avalon at Fairway Hills III
    97       146       54       22       —       —       23       342       522     All   Some   None   Most   Some   All   Some   No   No   No   None
Avalon at Symphony Glen
    88       14       54       20       —       —       —       176       268     All   Some   None   Most   All   Most   Some   No   No   No   None
Avalon Landing
    83       18       57       —       —       —               158       256     All   None   None   Most   Most   All   None   Yes   No   No   None
 
                                                                                                                   
Washington, DC
                                                                                                                   
AutumnWoods
    220       104       96       —       —       —       —       420       720     All   Some   None   Some   All   All   None   Yes   No   No   None
Avalon at Arlington Square
    404       24       196       60       —       —       158       842       1,411     All   Some   Some   Some   All   All   Some   No   Yes   Yes   All
Avalon at Ballston — Washington Towers
    233       111       —       —       —       —       —       344       470     All   None   None   Some   Most   All   Some   No   No   No   None
Avalon at Cameron Court
    208       —       168       —       —       —       84       460       897     All   Most   Some   Some   All   Most   None   No   Yes   Yes   All
Avalon at Decoverly
    156       —       168       44       —       —       —       368       627     All   Some   Some   Some   Most   All   None   No   Yes   No   None
Avalon at Foxhall
    160       70       32       2       —       28       16       308       349     All   Some   None   Some   All   All   Some   No   No   Yes   None
Avalon at Gallery Place I
    113       75       —       4       —       11       —       203       148     All   Some   None   None   Most   Some   None   No   No   Yes   None
Avalon at Grosvenor Station
    265       33       185       13       —       1       —       497       746     All   Some   Some   None   Most   Most   None   No   Yes   Yes   All
Avalon at Providence Park
    19       —       112       4       —       —       6       141       299     All   Some   None   Most   All   All   None   No   No   No   None
Avalon at Rock Spring
    178       39       133       36       —       —       —       386       680     All   Some   Some   Some   Most   All   None   No   Yes   No   All
Avalon at Traville
    190       30       232       68       —       —       —       520       1,062     All   Some   Some   Some   All   Most   Some   Yes   Yes   Yes   None
Avalon Crescent
    186       26       346       —       —       —       —       558       989     All   Some   Some   Most   Most   All   Some   No   Yes   Yes   All
Avalon Fields I & II
    112       32       112       32       —       —       66       288       461     All   Some   Some   Some   Most   Most   None   No   Yes   No   All
Avalon Knoll
    136       56       80       28       —       —       —       300       477     All   Some   None   Most   All   All   Most   No   No   No   None
 
                                                                                                                   
MIDWEST
                                                                                                                   
Chicago, IL
                                                                                                                   
200 Arlington Place
    232       —       147       —       —       30       —       409       650     All   None   None   None   Some   Half   None   No   No   No   None
Avalon at Danada Farms
    132       —       134       14       15       —       —       295       555     All   None   None   Some   Most   Some   Some   No   No   Yes   None
Avalon at Stratford Green
    63       —       108       21       —       —       —       192       424     All   None   None   Some   Most   Most   Some   No   Yes   Yes   None
Avalon at West Grove
    200       200       —       —       —       —       —       400       594     None   None   None   None   Some   Half   None   Yes   No   No   None
 
                                                                                                                   
PACIFIC NORTHWEST
                                                                                                                   
Seattle, WA
                                                                                                                   
Avalon at Bear Creek
    55       40       110       56       3       —       —       264       515     All   Some   None   Most   All   All   Half   Yes   Yes   Yes   All
Avalon Bellevue
    112       —       67       —       —       23       —       202       300     All   Some   Some   Some   Most   Some   None   No   No   No   Some
Avalon Belltown
    64       —       20       —       —       16       —       100       118     All   None   None   None   Most   Some   None   No   No   No   Yes
Avalon Brandemoor
    88       109       149       78       —       —       —       424       737     All   Some   None   Most   All   All   Some   Yes   Yes   Yes   All
Avalon HighGrove
    84       119       124       56       8       —       —       391       721     All   Half   None   Most   All   All   Some   Yes   Yes   Yes   All
Avalon Juanita Village
    88       —       93       9       1       20       —       211       355     All   Some   None   None   Most   Some   None   No   Yes   Yes   Some
Avalon ParcSquare
    31       26       55       12       —       —       117       124       189     All   Some   None   None   All   All   None   No   Yes   Yes   Some
Avalon Redmond Place
    76       44       67       35       —       —       —       222       161     All   Some   None   Most   Most   All   None   Yes   Yes   No   None
Avalon RockMeadow
    28       48       86       28       16       —       —       206       415     All   Some   None   Most   Most   All   Some   Yes   No   Yes   All
Avalon WildReed
    36       60       78       60       —       —       —       234       463     All   Some   None   Most   All   All   Some   Yes   Yes   No   All
Avalon Wynhaven
    3       42       239       13       28       —       8       333       780     All   Most   Some   Most   Half   Most   None   Yes   Yes   Yes   All

25


 

Features and Recreational Amenities — Current and Development Communities
 
                                                                            Washer &               Large               Non-        
    1 BR     2BR     3BR                                     dryer               storage or   Balcony,           direct   Direct   Homes w/ pre-
                                            Studios /                     Parking     hook-ups or   Vaulted           walk-in   patio, deck   Built-in       access   access   wired security
    1/1.5 BA     1/1.5 BA     2/2.5/3 BA     2/2.5 BA     3BA     efficiencies     Other     Total     spaces     units   ceilings   Lofts   Fireplaces   closet   or sunroom   bookcases   Carports   garages   garages   systems
NORTHERN CALIFORNIA
                                                                                                                   
Oakland-East Bay, CA
                                                                                                                   
Avalon at Union Square
    124       84       —       —       —       —       —       208       296     None   None   None   Most   All   All   None   Yes   No   No   None
Avalon at Willow Creek
    99       —       136       —       —       —       —       235       240     All   None   None   None   All   All   None   Yes   No   No   None
Avalon Dublin
    72       8       60       48       —       —       16       204       428     Most   Some   None   Most   All   All   None   No   Yes   No   None
Avalon Fremont I
    88       —       176       —       44       —       —       308       609     All   Some   None   Some   Half   All   None   Yes   Yes   No   All
Avalon Pleasanton
    238       —       218       —       —       —       —       456       941     All   Some   None   Most   Some   All   None   Yes   Yes   Yes   None
Waterford
    208       —       336       —       —       —       —       544       927     Some   Some   None   None   All   All   None   Yes   No   No   None
 
                                                                                                                   
San Francisco, CA
                                                                                                                   
Avalon at Cedar Ridge
    117       33       24       —       —       21       —       195       259     None   None   Some   None   Some   All   None   Yes   No   Yes   None
Avalon at Diamond Heights
    90       —       49       15       —       —       —       154       155     None   Some   None   None   All   All   None   No   Yes   No   None
Avalon at Mission Bay North
    148       —       95       6       —       1       —       250       191     All   None   Some   None   All   Most   Some   No   Yes   No   Some
Avalon at Nob Hill
    114       —       25       —       —       46       —       185       105     None   None   None   None   Some   Some   Most   No   Yes   No   None
Avalon Foster City
    125       122       1       —       —       40       —       288       290     None   None   None   None   Most   All   Some   Yes   No   No   None
Avalon Pacifica
    58       106       56       —       —       —       —       220       301     None   None   None   Some   Some   All   None   Yes   Yes   No   None
Avalon Sunset Towers
    183       20       20       —       —       20       —       243       244     None   None   None   None   None   Some   None   No   No   Yes   None
Avalon Towers by the Bay
    103       —       120       —       3       —       —       226       212     All   None   None   Some   Half   Most   None   No   No   No   None
Crowne Ridge
    158       68       24       —       —       4       —       254       404     Some   Some   None   Some   None   All   None   Yes   No   Yes   None
 
                                                                                                                   
San Jose, CA
                                                                                                                   
Avalon at Blossom Hill
    90       —       210       —       24       —       —       324       549     All   Some   None   None   Most   All   None   Yes   No   No   None
Avalon at Cahill Park
    118       —       94       —       6       —       —       218       314     All   Some   Some   None   All   Some   None   No   No   No   Yes
Avalon at Creekside
    158       128       —       —       —       8       —       294       441     None   None   None   Some   None   Most   None   Yes   No   No   None
Avalon at Foxchase I & II
    156       —       240       —       —       —       —       396       666     All   Some   None   None   ALL   All   None   Yes   Yes   No   None
Avalon at Parkside
    60       —       96       36       —       —       —       192       353     All   Some   None   Half   All   All   Some   Yes   Yes   No   None
Avalon at Pruneyard
    212       40       —       —       —       —       —       252       400     All   None   None   None   None   Half   None   Yes   Yes   No   None
Avalon at River Oaks
    100       —       126       —       —       —       —       226       356     Most   None   None   Most   All   All   None   No   Yes   No   None
Avalon Campbell
    157       —       179       —       12       —       —       348       454     All   Some   None   None   All   All   None   Yes   No   No   All
Avalon Cupertino
    145       —       152       —       14       —       —       311       529     All   Some   None   Some   Some   All   None   Yes   Yes   No   None
Avalon Mountain View
    108       —       88       52       —       —       —       248       672     All   Some   None   None   Some   All   None   Yes   No   No   None
Avalon on the Alameda
    113       —       164       —       28       —       —       305       534     All   Some   Some   Some   Most   All   None   Some   Yes   No   None
Avalon Rosewalk
    168       —       264       —       24       —       —       456       684     All   Some   None   Some   ALL   All   Most   Yes   Yes   No   None
Avalon Silicon Valley
    338       —       336       18       15       3       —       710       2,000     All   Some   Some   Some   All   All   Some   Yes   Yes   No   None
Avalon Towers on the Peninsula
    88       —       117       —       6       —       —       211       307     All   Some   None   None   Most   All   None   No   No   Yes   None
CountryBrook
    108       —       252       —       —       —       —       360       692     All   None   None   All   None   All   None   Yes   Yes   No   None
San Marino
    102       —       146       —       —       —       —       248       439     All   Some   None   None   None   All   None   Yes   No   No   None
 
                                                                                                                   
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
                                                                                                                   
Los Angeles, CA
                                                                                                                   
Avalon at Media Center
    296       169       50       12       —       221       —       748       893     Most   Some   None   Some   Some   Some   None   Yes   Yes   No   None
Avalon at Warner Center
    88       54       65       20       —       —       —       227       427     All   Some   None   Some   Some   All   None   Yes   Yes   No   None
Avalon Glendale
    75       —       121       —       27       —       —       223       519     All   None   Some   Some   All   All   None   No   No   No   All
Avalon Woodland Hills
    222       —       441       —       —       —       —       663       1,356     Some   Some   Some   None   Most   All   None   No   No   No   None
The Promenade
    153       —       196       51       —       —       —       400       736     Some   Some   Some   All   Some   All   None   No   No   No   None

26


 

Features and Recreational Amenities — Current and Development Communities
 
                                                                            Washer &               Large               Non-        
    1 BR     2BR     3BR                                     dryer               storage or   Balcony,           direct   Direct   Homes w/ pre-
                                            Studios /                     Parking     hook-ups or   Vaulted           walk-in   patio, deck   Built-in       access   access   wired security
    1/1.5 BA     1/1.5 BA     2/2.5/3 BA     2/2.5 BA     3BA     efficiencies     Other     Total     spaces     units   ceilings   Lofts   Fireplaces   closet   or sunroom   bookcases   Carports   garages   garages   systems
Orange County, CA
                                                                                                                   
Avalon at Pacific Bay
    144       56       104       —       —       —       —       304       492     All   None   None   None   All   All   None   Yes   Yes   No   None
Avalon at South Coast
    124       —       86       —       —       48               258       428     Some   Half   None   None   Half   All   None   Yes   Yes   No   None
Avalon Mission Viejo
    94       28       44       —       —       —       —       166       232     None   None   None   None   None   All   None   Yes   Yes   No   None
Avalon Newport
    44       54       —       35       —       12       —       145       249     Most   Some   None   Some   Most   Most   Some   Yes   Yes   No   None
Avalon Santa Margarita
    160       —       141       —       —       —       —       301       521     All   None   None   None   None   All   None   Yes   Yes   No   None
 
                                                                                                                   
San Diego, CA
                                                                                                                   
Avalon at Cortez Hill
    113       —       84       —       —       97       —       294       298     None   None   None   None   None   All   None   No   No   No   None
Avalon at Mission Bay
    270       9       165       —       —       120       —       564       755     None   None   None   None   Some   All   None   No   No   No   None
Avalon at Mission Ridge
    18       98       1       83       —       —       —       200       387     Most   None   None   Most   Most   Most   Most   No   Yes   No   None
 
                                                                                                                   
DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES                                                                                                            
 
                                                                                                                   
Avalon at Bedford Center
    52       —       87       —       —       —       —       139       269     All   Some   Some   Some   Some   All   None   No   No   Yes   None
Avalon at Decoverly II
    106       —       90       —       —       —       —       196       327     All   Some   Some   None   Some   All   None   No   Yes   No   None
Avalon at Glen Cove North
    87       8       —       —       —       16       —       111       190     All   None   None   None   All   Some   None   No   No   No   None
Avalon at Lyndhurst
    118       45       157       —       —       8       —       328       569     Most   Some   Some   None   All   Most   None   No   No   No   None
Avalon Wilshire
    53       —       62       8       —       —       —       123       350     All   None   None   None   All   Most   None   No   Yes   No   None
Avalon Camarillo
    125       —       —       124       —       —       —       249       482     All   None   None   None   All   All   None   No   Yes   Yes   None
Avalon Chestnut Hill
    36       28       85       50       —       5       —       204       427     All   None   Some   None   All   All   None   No   No   No   All
Avalon Chrystie Place II
    98       54       —       —       —       54       —       206       131     All   None   None   None   Some   Some   None   No   No   Yes   Some
Avalon Danvers
    148       —       235       50       —       —       —       433       856     All   Some   Some   Some   Some   Some   None   No   Yes   Yes   None
Avalon Del Rey
    190       —       —       119       —       —       —       309       623     All   None   Some   None   All   All   None   No   Yes   No   None
Avalon Pines II
    50       —       102       —       —       —       —       152       135     All   Most   Some   Some   All   All   None   No   Some   Some   All
Avalon Riverview North
    381       —       146       —       1       74       —       602       361     Some   None   None   None   Some   Some   None   No   Yes   No   None
Avalon Shrewsbury
    92       12       123       24       —       —       —       251       529     All   None   Some   None   All   All   None   No   Yes   Yes   None
Avalon Woburn
    158       —       288       —       —       —       —       446       892     All   None   Some   Some   All   Some   None   No   Yes   No   None

27


 

Features and Recreational Amenities — Current and Development Communities
 
        Community   Building                                                                
    Buildings w/   entrance   entrance   Under-   Aerobics                                       Indoor /                
    security   controlled   controlled   ground   dance       Picnic   Walking /       Sauna /   Tennis       Fitness   Sand   outdoor   Clubhouse /   Business        
    systems   access   access   parking   studio   Car wash   area   jogging trail   Pool   whirlpool   court   Racquetball   center   volleyball   basketball   clubroom   center   Tot lot   Concierge
CURRENT COMMUNITIES (1)    
NORTHEAST
                                                                           
Boston, MA
                                                                           
Avalon at Center Place
  Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes
Avalon at Crane Brook
  Some   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes
Avalon at Faxon Park
  None   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon at Flanders Hill
  None   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon at Lexington
  None   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon at Newton Highlands
  All   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes
Avalon at Prudential Center
  None   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes
Avalon at Steven’s Pond
  All   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon at The Pinehills I
  None   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No
Avalon Essex
  None   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Estates
  None   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No
Avalon Ledges
  None   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Oaks
  None   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Oaks West
  None   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Orchards
  None   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No
Avalon Summit
  None   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No
Avalon West
  None   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
Essex Place
  None   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No
 
                                                                           
Fairfield-New Haven, CT
                                                                           
Avalon at Greyrock Place
  All   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes
Avalon Corners
  All   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes
Avalon Danbury
  Some   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Darien
  None   Yes   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No
Avalon Gates
  None   Yes   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Glen
  None   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes
Avalon Haven
  All   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   Yes   No
Avalon Milford I
  None   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon New Canaan
  All   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No
Avalon on Stamford Harbor
  All   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes
Avalon Orange
  Some   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Springs
  Some   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Valley
  None   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Walk I & II
  None   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
 
                                                                           
Long Island, NY
                                                                           
Avalon at Glen Cove South
  None   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes
Avalon Commons
  All   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Court
  All   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Pines I
  None   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Towers
  None   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes
 
                                                                           
Northern New Jersey
                                                                           
Avalon at Edgewater
  All   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes
Avalon at Florham Park
  None   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No
Avalon Cove
  No   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes
 
                                                                           
Central New Jersey
                                                                           
Avalon at Freehold
  None   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No
Avalon Run East
  All   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Run East II
  Yes   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Watch
  None   No   Some   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No

28


 

Features and Recreational Amenities — Current and Development Communities
 
        Community   Building                                                                
    Buildings w/   entrance   entrance   Under-   Aerobics                                       Indoor /                
    security   controlled   controlled   ground   dance       Picnic   Walking /       Sauna /   Tennis       Fitness   Sand   outdoor   Clubhouse /   Business        
    systems   access   access   parking   studio   Car wash   area   jogging trail   Pool   whirlpool   court   Racquetball   center   volleyball   basketball   clubroom   center   Tot lot   Concierge
New York, NY
                                                                           
Avalon Gardens
  Some   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Green
  None   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon on the Sound
  No   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes
Avalon Riverview I
  All   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes
Avalon View
  Some   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Willow
  No   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes
The Avalon
  All   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes
 
                                                                           
MID-ATLANTIC
                                                                           
Baltimore, MD
                                                                           
Avalon at Fairway Hills I & II
  None   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No
Avalon at Fairway Hills III
  None   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No
Avalon at Symphony Glen
  None   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No
Avalon Landing
  None   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No
 
                                                                           
Washington, DC
                                                                           
AutumnWoods
  None   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon at Arlington Square
  None   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No
Avalon at Ballston — Washington Towers
  All   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes
Avalon at Cameron Court
  All   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes
Avalon at Decoverly
  None   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon at Foxhall
  None   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   Yes
Avalon at Gallery Place I
  All   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes
Avalon at Grosvenor Station
  None   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes
Avalon at Providence Park
  None   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No
Avalon at Rock Spring
  None   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes
Avalon at Traville
  None   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes
Avalon Crescent
  None   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes
Avalon Fields I & II
  None   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Knoll
  None   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No
 
                                                                           
MIDWEST
                                                                           
Chicago, IL
                                                                           
200 Arlington Place
  All   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No
Avalon at Danada Farms
  None   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No
Avalon at Stratford Green
  All   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   No
Avalon at West Grove
  None   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No
 
                                                                           
PACIFIC NORTHWEST
                                                                           
Seattle, WA
                                                                           
Avalon at Bear Creek
  None   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No
Avalon Bellevue
  Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No
Avalon Belltown
  Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No
Avalon Brandemoor
  All   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No
Avalon HighGrove
  None   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No
Avalon Juanita Village
  Some   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No
Avalon ParcSquare
  All   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No
Avalon Redmond Place
  None   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon RockMeadow
  None   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No
Avalon WildReed
  None   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No
Avalon Wynhaven
  None   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes

29


 

Features and Recreational Amenities — Current and Development Communities
 
        Community   Building                                                                
    Buildings w/   entrance   entrance   Under-   Aerobics                                       Indoor /                
    security   controlled   controlled   ground   dance       Picnic   Walking /       Sauna /   Tennis       Fitness   Sand   outdoor   Clubhouse /   Business        
    systems   access   access   parking   studio   Car wash   area   jogging trail   Pool   whirlpool   court   Racquetball   center   volleyball   basketball   clubroom   center   Tot lot   Concierge
NORTHERN CALIFORNIA
                                                                           
Oakland-East Bay, CA
                                                                           
Avalon at Union Square
  None   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   Yes   No
Avalon at Willow Creek
  None   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No
Avalon Dublin
  None   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   No
Avalon Fremont I
  None   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No
Avalon Pleasanton
  None   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No
Waterford
  None   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   Yes   No
 
                                                                           
San Francisco, CA
                                                                           
Avalon at Cedar Ridge
  None   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No
Avalon at Diamond Heights
  None   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No
Avalon at Mission Bay North
  All   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes
Avalon at Nob Hill
  None   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No
Avalon Foster City
  Some   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Pacifica
  None   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No
Avalon Sunset Towers
  All   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No
Avalon Towers by the Bay
  None   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes
Crowne Ridge
  None   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No
 
                                                                           
San Jose, CA
                                                                           
Avalon at Blossom Hill
  None   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No
Avalon at Cahill Park
  All   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No
Avalon at Creekside
  Some   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No
Avalon at Foxchase I & II
  None   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No
Avalon at Parkside
  None   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No
Avalon at Pruneyard
  Yes   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   No
Avalon at River Oaks
  None   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No
Avalon Campbell
  None   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No
Avalon Cupertino
  All   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No
Avalon Mountain View
  None   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No
Avalon on the Alameda
  None   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No
Avalon Rosewalk
  None   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No
Avalon Silicon Valley
  Some   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes
Avalon Towers on the Peninsula
  All   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes
CountryBrook
  None   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No
San Marino
  None   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   Yes   No
 
                                                                           
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
                                                                           
Los Angeles, CA
                                                                           
Avalon at Media Center
  None   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   Yes
Avalon at Warner Center
  None   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No
Avalon Glendale
  None   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No
Avalon Woodland Hills
  None   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No
The Promenade
  All   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No

30


 

Features and Recreational Amenities — Current and Development Communities
 
        Community   Building                                                                
    Buildings w/   entrance   entrance   Under-   Aerobics                                       Indoor /                
    security   controlled   controlled   ground   dance       Picnic   Walking /       Sauna /   Tennis       Fitness   Sand   outdoor   Clubhouse /   Business        
    systems   access   access   parking   studio   Car wash   area   jogging trail   Pool   whirlpool   court   Racquetball   center   volleyball   basketball   clubroom   center   Tot lot   Concierge
Orange County, CA
                                                                           
Avalon at Pacific Bay
  None   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   No
Avalon at South Coast
  None   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No
Avalon Mission Viejo
  None   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No
Avalon Newport
  None   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No
Avalon Santa Margarita
  None   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No
 
                                                                           
San Diego, CA
                                                                           
Avalon at Cortez Hill
  All   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No
Avalon at Mission Bay
  None   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No
Avalon at Mission Ridge
  None   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   Yes   No
 
                                                                           
DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES    
 
                                                                           
Avalon at Bedford Center
  None   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon at Decoverly II
  None   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon at Glen Cove North
  All   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes
Avalon at Lyndhurst
  All   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No
Avalon Wilshire
  All   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   No
Avalon Camarillo
  None   Yes   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Chestnut Hill
  None   No   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes
Avalon Chrystie Place II
  All   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes
Avalon Danvers
  Some   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes
Avalon Del Rey
  All   Yes   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   Yes   No   No
Avalon Pines II
  None   No   No   No   No   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   Yes   Yes   No
Avalon Riverview North
  None   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes   No   No   Yes
Avalon Shrewsbury
  None   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No
Avalon Woburn
  Some   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   No   No   No   Yes   No   Yes   Yes   No   Yes   No

31


 

Development Communities
As of December 31, 2005, we had 15 Development Communities under construction. We expect these Development Communities, when completed, to add a total of 4,062 apartment homes to our portfolio for a total capitalized cost, including land acquisition costs, of approximately $1,025,200,000. You should carefully review Item 1a., “Risk Factors,” for a discussion of the risks associated with development activity.
The following table presents a summary of the Development Communities. We hold a direct or indirect fee simple ownership interest in these communities except where noted.
                                                         
                    Total                          
            Number of     capitalized                          
            apartment     cost (1)     Construction     Initial     Estimated     Estimated  
            homes     ($ millions)     start     occupancy (2)     completion     stabilization (3)  
  1.    
Avalon Del Rey (4)
                                               
       
Los Angeles, CA
    309     $ 70.0       Q2 2004       Q1 2006       Q2 2006       Q1 2007  
  2.    
Avalon Camarillo
                                               
       
Camarillo, CA
    249       47.2       Q2 2004       Q1 2006       Q2 2006       Q4 2006  
  3.    
Avalon at Bedford Center
                                               
       
Bedford, MA
    139       25.3       Q4 2004       Q3 2005       Q2 2006       Q4 2006  
  4.    
Avalon Wilshire
                                               
       
Los Angeles, CA
    123       46.6       Q1 2005       Q4 2006       Q1 2007       Q3 2007  
  5.    
Avalon at Mission Bay
                                               
       
North II (5)
                                               
       
San Francisco, CA
    313       118.0       Q1 2005       Q4 2006       Q2 2007       Q4 2007  
  6.    
Avalon Pines II
                                               
       
Coram, NY
    152       26.6       Q2 2005       Q1 2006       Q3 2006       Q1 2007  
  7.    
Avalon Chestnut Hill
                                               
       
Chestnut Hill, MA
    204       60.6       Q2 2005       Q4 2006       Q1 2007       Q3 2007  
  8.    
Avalon at Decoverly II
                                               
       
Rockville, MD
    196       30.5       Q3 2005       Q3 2006       Q2 2007       Q4 2007  
  9.    
Avalon Lyndhurst
                                               
       
Lyndhurst, NJ
    328       78.8       Q3 2005       Q4 2006       Q2 2007       Q4 2007  
  10.    
Avalon Shrewsbury
                                               
       
Shrewsbury, MA
    251       36.1       Q3 2005       Q4 2006       Q2 2007       Q4 2007  
  11.    
Avalon Riverview North
                                               
       
New York, NY
    602       175.6       Q3 2005       Q3 2007       Q3 2008       Q1 2009  
  12.    
Avalon Chrystie Place II
                                               
       
New York, NY
    206       100.8       Q4 2005       Q1 2007       Q3 2007       Q1 2008  
  13.    
Avalon at Glen Cove North
                                               
       
Glen Cove, NY
    111       42.4       Q4 2005       Q2 2007       Q3 2007       Q1 2008  
  14.    
Avalon Danvers
                                               
       
Danvers, MA
    433       84.8       Q4 2005       Q1 2007       Q2 2008       Q4 2008  
  15.    
Avalon Woburn
                                               
       
Woburn, MA
    446       81.9       Q4 2005       Q1 2007       Q1 2008       Q3 2008  
       
 
                                           
       
 
                                               
       
Total
    4,062     $ 1,025.2                                  
       
 
                                           
(1)   Total capitalized cost includes all capitalized costs projected to be or actually incurred to develop the respective Development Community, determined in accordance with GAAP, including land acquisition costs, construction costs, real estate taxes, capitalized interest and loan fees, permits, professional fees, allocated development overhead and other regulatory fees. Total capitalized cost for communities identified as having joint venture ownership, either during construction or upon construction completion, represents the total projected joint venture contribution amount.
 
     
 
(2)   Future initial occupancy dates are estimates. There can be no assurance that we will pursue to completion any or all of these proposed developments.
 
     
 
(3)   Stabilized operations is defined as the earlier of (i) attainment of 95% or greater physical occupancy or (ii) the one-year anniversary of completion of development.
 
     
 
(4)   This community is currently owned by one of our wholly-owned subsidiaries, will be financed, in part or in whole, by a construction loan, and is subject to a joint venture agreement that allows for a 70% joint venture partner to be admitted upon construction completion.
 
     
 
(5)   This community is being financed under a joint venture structure in which we hold a 25% equity interest. Approximately 80% of the total capitalized cost will be financed through a construction loan. This community is located on land subject to a ground lease which expires in December 2103.

32


 

Redevelopment Communities
As of December 31, 2005, we had two communities under redevelopment. We expect the total capitalized cost to complete these communities, including the cost of acquisition, capital expenditures subsequent to acquisition and redevelopment, to be approximately $58,800,000, of which approximately $10,000,000 is the additional capital invested or expected to be invested during redevelopment and $48,800,000 was incurred prior to redevelopment. Statements regarding the future redevelopment or performance of the Redevelopment Communities are forward-looking statements. We have found that the cost to redevelop an existing apartment community is more difficult to budget and estimate than the cost to develop a new community. Accordingly, we expect that actual costs may vary from our budget by a wider range than for a new development community. We cannot assure you that we will meet our schedule for reconstruction completion or restabilized operations, or that we will meet our budgeted costs, either individually or in the aggregate. You should carefully review Item 1a., “Risk Factors,” for a discussion of the risks associated with redevelopment activity.
The following presents a summary of these Redevelopment Communities:
                                                         
                    Total cost                      
            Number of     ($ millions)             Estimated     Estimated  
            apartment     Pre-redevelopment     Total capitalized     Reconstruction     reconstruction     restabilized  
            homes     cost     cost (1)     start     completion     operations (2)  
  1.    
Avalon at Fairway Hills III
                                               
       
Columbia, MD
    336     $ 23.3     $ 29.4       Q4 2004       Q2 2006       Q4 2006  
  2.    
Avalon Columbia (3)
                                               
       
Columbia, MD
    170       25.5       29.4       Q2 2005       Q2 2006       Q4 2006  
       
 
                                         
       
 
                                               
       
Total
    506     $ 48.8     $ 58.8                          
       
 
                                         
(1)   Total capitalized cost includes all capitalized costs projected to be or actually incurred to develop the respective Redevelopment Community, including land acquisition costs, construction costs, real estate taxes, capitalized interest and loan fees, permits, professional fees, allocated development overhead and other regulatory fees, all as determined in accordance with GAAP.
 
     
 
(2)   Restabilized operations is defined as the earlier of (i) attainment of 95% or greater physical occupancy or (ii) the one-year anniversary of completion of redevelopment.
 
     
 
(3)   This community was acquired in 2004 by the Fund, which we wholly-owned until the admission of outside investors in 2005, reducing our ownership in this community and the Fund to 15.2%.
Development Rights
As of December 31, 2005, we are evaluating the future development of 47 new apartment communities on land that is either owned by us, under contract, subject to a leasehold interest or for which we hold a purchase option. We generally hold Development Rights through options to acquire land, although for 17 of the Development Rights we currently own the land on which a community would be built if we proceeded with development. The Development Rights range from those beginning design and architectural planning to those that have completed site plans and drawings and can begin construction almost immediately. We estimate that the successful completion of all of these communities would ultimately add 12,495 apartment homes to our portfolio. Substantially all of these apartment homes will offer features like those offered by the communities we currently own. At December 31, 2005, there were cumulative capitalized costs (including legal fees, design fees and related overhead costs, but excluding land costs) of $31,467,000 relating to Development Rights that we consider probable for future development. In addition, land costs related to the pursuit of Development Rights (consisting of original land and additional carrying costs) of $188,414,000 are reflected as land held for development as of December 31, 2005 on the Consolidated Balance Sheet of the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Item 8 of this report.

33


 

The properties comprising the Development Rights are in different stages of the due diligence and regulatory approval process. The decisions as to which of the Development Rights to invest in, if any, or to continue to pursue once an investment in a Development Right is made, are business judgments that we make after we perform financial, demographic and other analyses. In the event that we do not proceed with a Development Right, we generally would not recover capitalized costs incurred in the pursuit of those communities, unless we were to recover amounts in connection with the sale of land; however, we cannot guarantee a recovery. Pre-development costs incurred in the pursuit of Development Rights for which future development is not yet considered probable are expensed as incurred. In addition, if the status of a Development Right changes, deeming future development no longer probable, any capitalized pre-development costs are written-off with a charge to expense.
You should carefully review Section 1a., “Risk Factors,” for a discussion of the risks associated with Development Rights.
The table on the following page presents a summary of the 47 Development Rights we are currently pursuing.

34


 

                                 
                        Total
                Estimated   capitalized
                number   cost
        Location       of homes   ($ millions) (1)
  1.    
New Rochelle, NY Phase II
        588     $ 184  
  2.    
Bellevue, WA
  (2)     368       84  
  3.    
Dublin, CA Phase I
  (2)     305       86  
  4.    
New York, NY Phase III
  (2)     96       56  
  5.    
Lexington, MA
        387       84  
  6.    
Encino, CA
  (2)     131       51  
  7.    
Canoga Park, CA
        210       47  
  8.    
Acton, MA
        380       71  
  9.    
Hingham, MA
        235       44  
  10.    
Quincy, MA
  (2)     146       24  
  11.    
Wilton, CT
  (2)     100       24  
  12.    
Norwalk, CT
        314       63  
  13.    
Cohasset, MA
        200       38  
  14.    
Irvine, CA
        290       63  
  15.    
Northborough, MA
        350       60  
  16.    
New York, NY
        299       121  
  17.    
Plymouth, MA Phase II
        81       17  
  18.    
Tinton Falls, NJ
        298       51  
  19.    
Oyster Bay, NY
        273       69  
  20.    
White Plains, NY
        408       138  
  21.    
Sharon, MA
        156       26  
  22.    
Kirkland, WA Phase II
  (2)     173       48  
  23.    
Milford, CT
  (2)     284       45  
  24.    
Brooklyn, NY
        397       186  
  25.    
Greenburgh, NY Phase II
        444       112  
  26.    
Dublin, CA Phase II
        200       52  
  27.    
Dublin, CA Phase III
        205       53  
  28.    
Shelton, CT II
        171       34  
  29.    
Andover, MA
  (2)     115       21  
  30.    
West Haven, CT
        170       23  
  31.    
Union City, CA Phase I
  (2)(3)     272       74  
  32.    
Union City, CA Phase II
  (2)(3)     166       46  
  33.    
Hackensack, NJ
        210       47  
  34.    
Stratford, CT
  (2)     146       23  
  35.    
West Long Branch, NJ
  (4)     216       36  
  36.    
Plainview, NY
        220       47  
  37.    
Gaithersburg, MD
        254       41  
  38.    
Highland Park, NJ
        285       67  
  39.    
Camarillo, CA
        376       55  
  40.    
Pleasant Hill, CA
  (4)     449       153  
  41.    
Shelton, CT
        302       49  
  42.    
Wanaque, NJ
        200       33  
  43.    
Alexandria, VA
  (2)(3)     282       56  
  44.    
Wheaton, MD
  (2)(3)     320       56  
  45.    
Yaphank, NY
  (2)     344       57  
  46.    
Tysons Corner, VA
  (2)(3)     439       101  
  47.    
Rockville, MD
  (2)(3)     240       46  
       
 
                   
       
Total
        12,495     $ 2,962  
       
 
                   
(1)   Total capitalized cost includes all capitalized costs incurred to date (if any) and projected to be incurred to develop the respective community, determined in accordance with GAAP, including land acquisition costs, construction costs, real estate taxes, capitalized interest and loan fees, permits, professional fees, allocated development overhead and other regulatory fees.
 
     
 
(2)   We own the land parcel, but construction has not yet begun.
 
     
 
(3)   Represents improved land encumbered with debt. The improved land consists of occupied office buildings and industrial space. NOI from incidental operations from the current improvements will be recorded as a reduction in cost basis as described in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Item 8 of this report.
 
     
 
(4)   This community will be subject to a joint venture ownership structure.

35


 

Recent Developments
Sales of Existing Communities. We seek to increase our geographical concentration in selected high barrier-to-entry markets where we believe we can:
  •   apply sufficient market and management presence to enhance revenue growth;
 
  •   reduce operating expenses; and
 
  •   leverage management talent.
To achieve this increased concentration, we (i) sell assets that do not meet our long-term investment strategy or when capital and real estate markets allow us to realize a portion of the value created over the past business cycle and (ii) redeploy the proceeds from those sales to develop, redevelop and acquire communities. Pending such redeployment, we will generally use the proceeds from the sale of these communities to reduce amounts outstanding under our variable rate unsecured credit facility. On occasion, we will set aside the proceeds from the sale of communities into a cash escrow account to facilitate a nontaxable, like-kind exchange transaction. We sold nine communities, containing an aggregate of 1,778 apartment homes, during the period from January 1, 2005 through January 31, 2006. Net proceeds from the sale of these assets were $464,546,000.

36


 

Land Acquisitions. We carefully select land for development and follow established procedures that we believe minimize both the cost and the risks of development. During 2005, we acquired 15 land parcels for an aggregate purchase price of $119,719,000. The land parcels purchased, which are currently held for future development, are as follows:
                                         
                    Estimated   Total        
                    number   capitalized        
            Gross   of apartment   cost (1)   Date   Construction
            acres   homes   ($ millions)   acquired   start (2)
  1.    
Avalon at Bedford Center
    19.5       139     $ 25     January 2005   2005
       
Bedford, MA
                               
  2.    
Avalon at Decoverly II
    10.8       196       31     February 2005   2005
       
Rockville, MD
                               
  3.    
Avalon Shrewsbury
    25.5       251       36     July 2005   2005
       
Shrewsbury, MA
                               
  4.    
Avalon Woburn (3)
    46.6       446       82     December 2005   2005
       
Woburn, MA
                               
  5.    
Avalon Danvers (3)
    60.5       433       85     December 2005   2005
       
Danvers, MA
                               
  6.    
Avalon Meydenbauer
    3.6       368       84     December 2005   2006
       
Bellevue, WA
                               
  7.    
Avalon at Dublin Station I
    4.7       305       86     April 2005   2006
       
Dublin, CA
                               
  8.    
Avalon Chrystie Place III
    0.5       96       56     June 2005   2006
       
New York, NY
                               
  9.    
Avalon Springs II
    10.6       100       24     March 2005   2007
       
Wilton, CT
                               
  10.    
Avalon at Juanita Village II
    2.3       173       48     April 2005   2007
       
Kirkland, WA
                               
  11.    
Avalon at St. Clare
    9.1       115       21     February 2005   2007
       
Andover, MA
                               
  12.    
Avalon at Wheaton
    0.2       320       56     January 2005   2008
       
Wheaton, MD
                               
  13.    
Avalon at Stratford
    12.2       146       23     March 2005   2008
       
Stratford,CT
                               
  14.    
Avalon at Eisenhower West (4)
    5.2       282       56     April 2005   2008
       
Alexandria, VA
                               
  15.    
Avalon Mills
    172.0       344       57     April 2005   2008
       
Yaphank, NY
                               
       
 
                               
       
 
                               
       
Total
    383.3       3,714     $ 770          
       
 
                               
(1)   Total capitalized cost includes all capitalized costs projected to be or actually incurred to develop the respective Development Community, determined in accordance with GAAP, including land acquisition costs, construction costs, real estate taxes, capitalized interest and loan fees, permits, professional fees, allocated development overhead and other regulatory fees.
 
(2)   Future construction start dates are estimates. There can be no assurance that we will pursue to completion any or all of these proposed developments.
 
(3)   Excludes portion of land acquired that is not held for future development.
 
(4)   Represents improved land encumbered with debt. The improved land consists of industrial space.
Insurance and Risk of Uninsured Losses
We carry commercial general liability insurance and property insurance with respect to all of our communities. These policies, and other insurance policies we carry, have policy specifications, insured limits and deductibles that we consider commercially reasonable. There are, however, certain types of losses (such as losses arising from acts of war) that are not insured, in full or in part, because they are either uninsurable or the cost of insurance makes it, in management’s view, economically impractical. You should carefully review Item 1a., “Risk Factors,” for a discussion of the risks associated with an uninsured property or liability loss.
Many of our West Coast communities are located in the general vicinity of active earthquake faults. A large concentration of our communities lie near, and thus are susceptible to, the major fault lines in California, including

37


 

the San Andreas fault and the Hayward fault. We cannot assure you that an earthquake would not cause damage or losses greater than insured levels. We have in place with respect to communities located in California, for any single occurrence and in the aggregate, $75,000,000 of coverage with a deductible per building equal to five percent of the insured value of that building. The five percent deductible is subject to a minimum of $100,000 per occurrence. Earthquake coverage outside of California is subject to a $200,000,000 limit, except with respect to the state of Washington, for which the limit is $65,000,000. Our earthquake insurance outside of California provides for a $100,000 deductible per occurrence. In addition, up to a policy aggregate of $3,000,000, the next $400,000 of loss per occurrence outside California will be treated as an additional deductible.
Our annual general liability policy and workman’s compensation coverage was renewed on August 1, 2005 and the insurance coverage provided for in these renewal policies did not materially change from the preceding year. Including the costs we estimate that we may incur as a result of deductibles, we expect the cost related to these insurance categories for the policy period from August 1, 2005 to July 31, 2006 to decrease 5% to 7% as compared to the prior period.
In an effort to capitalize on declining insurance rates we elected to extend the first $15,000,000 layer of the property insurance policy by five months, thereby changing the renewal date for this layer to May 1, 2006. The remaining layers renewed on December 1, 2005. We are currently in negotiations with all carriers to align the renewal dates. The costs associated with the excess property insurance layers including the cost we estimate we may incur as a result of deductibles increased by approximately 12%.
Just as with office buildings, transportation systems and government buildings, there have been reports that apartment communities could become targets of terrorism. In December 2005, Congress passed the Terrorism Risk Insurance Extension Act (“TRIEA”) which is designed to make terrorism insurance available. In connection with this legislation, we have purchased insurance for property damage due to terrorism up to $200,000,000. Additionally, we have purchased insurance for certain terrorist acts, not covered under TRIEA, such as domestic-based terrorism. This insurance, often referred to as “non-certified” terrorism insurance, is subject to deductibles, limits and exclusions. Our general liability policy provides TRIEA coverage (subject to deductibles and insured limits) for liability to third parties that result from terrorist acts at our communities. TRIEA is scheduled to expire on December 31, 2007. It is uncertain if Congress will extend this act and continue to provide federal support for terrorism insurance. If Congress does not extend TRIEA, the cost and availability of terrorism insurance may be in question.
Mold growth may occur when excessive moisture accumulates in buildings or on building materials, particularly if the moisture problem remains undiscovered or is not addressed over a period of time. Although the occurrence of mold at multifamily and other structures, and the need to remediate such mold, is not a new phenomenon, there has been increased awareness in recent years that certain molds may in some instances lead to adverse health effects, including allergic or other reactions. To help limit mold growth, we educate residents about the importance of adequate ventilation and request or require that they notify us when they see mold or excessive moisture. We have established procedures for promptly addressing and remediating mold or excessive moisture from apartment homes when we become aware of its presence regardless of whether we or the resident believe a health risk is present. However, we cannot assure that mold or excessive moisture will be detected and remediated in a timely manner. If a significant mold problem arises at one of our communities, we could be required to undertake a costly remediation program to contain or remove the mold from the affected community and could be exposed to other liabilities. We cannot assure that we will have coverage under our existing policies for property damage or liability to third parties arising as a result of exposure to mold or a claim of exposure to mold at one of our communities.
ITEM 3.   LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are currently involved in litigation alleging that communities constructed by us violate the accessibility requirements of the Fair Housing Act and the Americans with Disabilities Act. The lawsuit, Equal Rights Center v. AvalonBay Communities, Inc., was filed on September 23, 2005 in the federal district court in Maryland. The plaintiff seeks compensatory and punitive damages in unspecified amounts as well as injunctive relief (such as

38


 

modification of existing assets), an award of attorneys’ fees, expenses and costs of suit. The Company has filed a motion to
dismiss all or parts of the suit, which has not been ruled on yet by the court. Due to the preliminary nature of the litigation, we cannot predict or determine the outcome of this lawsuit, nor is it reasonably possible to estimate the amount of loss, if any, that would be associated with an adverse decision or settlement.
We are currently involved in a lawsuit regarding the handling of security deposits in California. The lawsuit, Julie E. Ko v. AvalonBay Communities, Inc. and Does 1 through 100, was filed on June 6, 2003, in California’s Los Angeles Superior Court. The suit purports to be brought on behalf of all of the Company’s former California residents who, during a four-year period, paid a security deposit to the Company for the rental of residential property in California and allegedly had a portion of the deposit withheld by the Company in excess of the damages actually sustained by the Company. We have agreed with the plaintiff on the terms of a settlement with the purported class. The settlement terms have been approved by the court, subject to final certification and approval after administration of the settlement, which is expected in April 2006. The Company has accrued for the costs it expects to incur in connection with the settlement, although there can be no assurance that the final settlement cost (which depends on the number of claims properly submitted) will not exceed the Company’s estimate.
We are involved in litigation with York Hunter Construction, Inc. and National Union Fire Insurance Company related to a community that has since completed development. A non-jury trial in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of Westchester, ended in April 2004, and in May 2004, the court issued a ruling finding that (i) York Hunter breached the Construction Management Agreement between it and the Company in failing to complete the project and abandoning the construction site and is therefore liable to the Company for consequential damages, and (ii) National Union, having failed to exercise its various rights to perform and complete, is liable to the Company for consequential damages. The court issued a ruling dated October 6, 2004, awarding the Company approximately $1,250,000 plus interest. The Company has filed an appeal to seek an increase in the damage award.
We are involved in various other claims and/or administrative proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of our business. While no assurances can be given, we do not believe that any of these outstanding litigation matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our operations.
ITEM 4.   SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matter was submitted to a vote of our security holders during the fourth quarter of 2005.

39


 

PART II
ITEM 5.   MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the Pacific Exchange (PCX) under the ticker symbol AVB. We are in the process of delisting our shares on the PCX. The following table sets forth the quarterly high and low sales prices per share of our common stock for the years 2005 and 2004, as reported by the NYSE. On January 31, 2006 there were 1,178 holders of record of an aggregate of 73,998,786 shares of our outstanding common stock. The number of holders does not include individuals or entities who beneficially own shares but whose shares are held of record by a broker or clearing agency, but does include each such broker or clearing agency as one record holder.
                                                 
    2005     2004  
    Sales Price     Dividends     Sales Price     Dividends  
    High     Low     declared     High     Low     declared  
Quarter ended March 31
  $ 75.59     $ 65.18     $ 0.71     $ 54.66     $ 46.72     $ 0.70  
 
                                               
Quarter ended June 30
  $ 81.80     $ 64.99     $ 0.71     $ 57.80     $ 48.30     $ 0.70  
 
                                               
Quarter ended September 30
  $ 88.23     $ 78.37     $ 0.71     $ 62.25     $ 55.89     $ 0.70  
 
                                               
Quarter ended December 31
  $ 92.99     $ 78.82     $ 0.71     $ 75.93     $ 59.90     $ 0.70  
We expect to continue our policy of paying regular quarterly cash dividends. However, dividend distributions will be declared at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend on actual cash from operations, our financial condition, capital requirements, the annual distribution requirements under the REIT provisions of the Internal Revenue Code and other factors as the Board of Directors may consider relevant. The Board of Directors may modify our dividend policy from time to time. In January 2006, we announced that our Board of Directors declared a dividend on our common stock for the first quarter of 2006 of $0.78 per share, a 9.8% increase over the previous quarterly dividend of $0.71 per share. The increased dividend is payable on April 17, 2006 to all common stockholders of record as of March 31, 2006.
During the three months ended December 31, 2005, we did not issue shares of common stock in exchange for units of limited partnership held by certain limited partners.
Our Board of Directors has adopted a Stock Repurchase Program under which we may acquire, from time to time, shares of common stock in the open market with an aggregate purchase price of up to $100,000,000. No purchases were made under this program in 2005. In determining whether to repurchase shares, we consider a variety of factors, including our liquidity needs, the then current market price of our shares and the effect of the share repurchases on our per share earnings and FFO.
Information regarding securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans is included in the section entitled “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters” on page 65 of this Form 10-K.

40


 

ITEM 6.   SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following table provides historical consolidated financial, operating and other data for AvalonBay Communities, Inc. You should read the table with our Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes included in this report (dollars in thousands, except per share information).
                                         
    For the year ended  
    12-31-05     12-31-04     12-31-03     12-31-02     12-31-01  
 
                                       
Revenue:
                                       
Rental and other income
  $ 666,376     $ 613,240     $ 556,582     $ 531,595     $ 521,805  
Management, development and other fees
    4,304       604       931       2,145       1,386  
 
                             
Total revenue
    670,680       613,844       557,513       533,740       523,191  
 
                             
 
                                       
Expenses:
                                       
Operating expenses, excluding property taxes
    191,558       181,351       164,253       147,965       133,352  
Property taxes
    65,487       59,458       53,257       47,580       43,178  
Interest expense
    127,099       131,103       130,178       114,282       92,597  
Depreciation expense
    158,822       151,991       138,725       121,995       106,670  
General and administrative expense
    25,761       18,074       14,830       13,449       14,705  
Impairment loss
    —       —       —       6,800       —  
 
                             
Total expenses
    568,727       541,977       501,243       452,071       390,502  
 
                             
 
                                       
Equity in income of unconsolidated entities
    7,198       1,100       25,535       55       856  
Venture partner interest in profit-sharing
    —       (1,178 )     (1,688 )     (857 )     1,158  
Minority interest in consolidated partnerships
    (1,481 )     (150 )     (950 )     (865 )     (948 )
 
                             
 
                                       
Income before gain on sale of real estate assets
    107,670       71,639       79,167       80,002       133,755  
Gain on sale of real estate assets
    —       —       —       —       62,852  
 
                             
Income from continuing operations before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    107,670       71,639       79,167       80,002       196,607  
Discontinued operations:
                                       
Income from discontinued operations
    14,942       21,134       31,368       44,723       52,390  
Gain on sale of real estate assets
    199,766       122,425       160,990       48,893       —  
 
                             
Total discontinued operations
    214,708       143,559       192,358       93,616       52,390  
 
                             
 
                                       
Income before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    322,378       215,198       271,525       173,618       248,997  
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    —       4,547       —       —       —  
 
                             
 
                                       
Net income
    322,378       219,745       271,525       173,618       248,997  
Dividends attributable to preferred stock
    (8,700 )     (8,700 )     (10,744 )     (17,896 )     (40,035 )
 
                             
Net income available to common stockholders
  $ 313,678     $ 211,045     $ 260,781     $ 155,722     $ 208,962  
 
                             
 
                                       
Per Common Share and Share Information:
                                       
 
                                       
Earnings per common share — basic
                                       
Income from continuing operations (net of dividends attributable to preferred stock)
  $ 1.36     $ 0.94     $ 1.00     $ 0.90     $ 1.38  
Discontinued operations
  $ 2.94     $ 2.01     $ 2.80     $ 1.36     $ 1.70  
 
                             
Net income available to common stockholders
  $ 4.30     $ 2.95     $ 3.80     $ 2.26     $ 3.08  
 
                             
 
                                       
Weighted average common shares outstanding — basic
    72,952,492       71,564,202       68,559,657       68,772,139       67,842,752  
 
                                       
Earnings per common share — diluted
                                       
Income from continuing operations (net of dividends attributable to preferred stock)
  $ 1.34     $ 0.94     $ 0.99     $ 0.89     $ 1.36  
Discontinued operations
  $ 2.87     $ 1.98     $ 2.74     $ 1.34     $ 1.66  
 
                             
Net income available to common stockholders
  $ 4.21     $ 2.92     $ 3.73     $ 2.23     $ 3.02  
 
                             
 
                                       
Weighted average common shares outstanding — diluted
    74,759,318       73,354,956       70,203,467       70,674,211       69,781,719  
 
                                       
Cash dividends declared
  $ 2.84     $ 2.80     $ 2.80     $ 2.80     $ 2.56  

41


 

                                         
    For the year ended  
    12-31-05     12-31-04     12-31-03     12-31-02     12-31-01  
 
                                       
Other Information:
                                       
Net income
  $ 322,378     $ 219,745     $ 271,525     $ 173,618     $ 248,997  
Depreciation — continuing operations
    158,822       151,991       138,725       121,995       106,670  
Depreciation — discontinued operations
    3,241       10,676       15,071       22,482       23,409  
Interest expense, net — continuing operations
    127,099       131,103       130,178       114,282       92,597  
Interest expense, net — discontinued operations
    —       525       2,399       3,122       3,783  
 
                             
EBITDA (1)
  $ 611,540     $ 514,040     $ 557,898     $ 435,499     $ 475,456  
 
                             
 
                                       
Funds from Operations (2)
  $ 281,773     $ 246,247     $ 230,566     $ 251,410     $ 275,755  
Number of Current Communities (3)
    143       138       131       137       126  
Number of apartment homes
    41,412       40,142       38,504       40,179       37,228  
 
                                       
Balance Sheet Information:
                                       
Real estate, before accumulated depreciation
  $ 5,903,168     $ 5,697,144     $ 5,431,757     $ 5,369,453     $ 4,837,869  
Total assets
  $ 5,165,060     $ 5,081,249     $ 4,909,582     $ 4,950,835     $ 4,664,289  
Notes payable and unsecured credit facilities
  $ 2,366,564     $ 2,451,354     $ 2,337,817     $ 2,471,163     $ 2,082,769  
 
                                       
Cash Flow Information:
                                       
Net cash flows provided by operating activities
  $ 306,639     $ 275,617     $ 239,677     $ 307,810     $ 320,528  
Net cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities
  $ (19,761 )   $ (251,683 )   $ 33,935     $ (435,796 )   $ (274,941 )
Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities
  $ (282,293 )   $ (29,471 )   $ (279,465 )   $ 68,008     $ (29,909 )
Notes to Selected Financial Data
(1)   EBITDA is defined by us as net income before interest income and expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization from both continuing and discontinued operations. Under this definition, which complies with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, EBITDA includes gains on sale of assets and gain on sale of partnership interests. Management generally considers EBITDA to be an appropriate supplemental measure to net income of our operating performance because it helps investors to understand our ability to incur and service debt and to make capital expenditures. EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to net income (as determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, or “GAAP”), as an indicator of our operating performance, or to cash flows from operating activities (as determined in accordance with GAAP) as a measure of liquidity. Our calculation of EBITDA may not be comparable to EBITDA as calculated by other companies.
 
(2)   We generally consider Funds from Operations, or “FFO,” to be an appropriate supplemental measure of our operating and financial performance because, by excluding gains or losses related to dispositions of previously depreciated property and excluding real estate depreciation, which can vary among owners of identical assets in similar condition based on historical cost accounting and useful life estimates, FFO can help one compare the operating performance of a real estate company between periods or as compared to different companies. We believe that in order to understand our operating results, FFO should be examined with net income as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive Income included elsewhere in this report.
Consistent with the definition adopted by the Board of Governors of the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trustsâ (“NAREIT”), we calculate FFO as net income or loss computed in accordance with GAAP, adjusted for:
  •   gains or losses on sales of previously depreciated operating communities;
  •   extraordinary gains or losses (as defined by GAAP);
  •   cumulative effect of change in accounting principle;
  •   depreciation of real estate assets; and
  •   adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures.
FFO does not represent net income in accordance with GAAP, and therefore it should not be considered an alternative to net income, which remains the primary measure, as an indication of our performance. In addition, FFO as calculated by other REITs may not be comparable to our calculation of FFO.

42


 

The following is a reconciliation of net income to FFO (dollars in thousands, except per share data):
                                         
    For the year ended  
    12-31-05     12-31-04     12-31-03     12-31-02     12-31-01  
Net income
  $ 322,378     $ 219,745     $ 271,525     $ 173,618     $ 248,997  
Dividends attributable to preferred stock
    (8,700 )     (8,700 )     (10,744 )     (17,896 )     (40,035 )
Depreciation — real estate assets, including discontinued operations and joint venture adjustments
    162,019       157,988       128,278       142,980       128,086  
Minority interest expense, including discontinued operations
    1,363       3,048       1,263       1,601       1,559  
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    —       (4,547 )     —       —       —  
Gain on sale of previously depreciated real estate assets
    (195,287 )     (121,287 )     (159,756 )     (48,893 )     (62,852 )
 
                             
Funds from Operations attributable to common stockholders
  $ 281,773     $ 246,247     $ 230,566     $ 251,410     $ 275,755  
 
                             
 
                                       
Weighted average common shares outstanding — diluted
    74,759,318       73,354,956       70,203,467       70,674,211       69,781,719  
FFO per common share — diluted
  $ 3.77     $ 3.36     $ 3.28     $ 3.55     $ 3.95  
FFO also does not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with GAAP, and therefore should not be considered an alternative to net cash flows from operating activities, as determined by GAAP, as a measure of liquidity. Additionally, it is not necessarily indicative of cash available to fund cash needs. A presentation of GAAP based cash flow metrics is provided in “Cash Flow Information” in the table on the previous page.
(3)   Current Communities consist of all communities other than those which are still under construction and have not received a certificate of occupancy.

43


 

ITEM 7.   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
We are primarily engaged in developing, acquiring, owning and operating apartment communities in high barrier-to-entry markets of the United States. We seek to create long-term shareholder value by accessing capital on cost effective terms; deploying that capital to develop, redevelop and acquire apartment communities in high barrier-to-entry markets; operating apartment communities; and selling communities when they no longer meet our long-term investment strategy and when pricing is attractive.
The net operating income of our current operating communities, as defined later in this report, is one of the financial measures that we use to evaluate community performance. Net operating income is affected by the demand and supply dynamics within our markets, our rental rates and occupancy levels, and our ability to control operating costs. Our overall financial performance is also impacted by the general availability and cost of capital and the performance of our newly developed and acquired apartment communities.
This report, including the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations, contains forward-looking statements regarding future events or trends as described more fully under “Forward-Looking Statements” on page 61 of this report. Actual results or developments could differ materially from those projected in such statements as a result of the risk factors described in Item 1a, “Risk Factors,” of this report. The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and notes included elsewhere in this report.
Business Description and Community Information Overview
We believe that apartment communities present an attractive long-term investment opportunity compared to other real estate investments because a broad potential resident base should help reduce demand volatility over a real estate cycle. We intend to continue to pursue real estate investments in markets where constraints to new supply exist, and where new rental household formations are expected to out-pace multifamily permit activity over the course of the real estate cycle. Barriers-to-entry in our markets generally include a difficult and lengthy entitlement process with local jurisdictions and dense urban or suburban areas where zoned and entitled land is in limited supply.
We regularly evaluate the allocation of our investments by the amount of invested capital and by product type within our individual markets, which are located in the Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, Midwest, Pacific Northwest, and Northern and Southern California regions of the United States. Our strategy is to more deeply penetrate these markets with a broad range of products and services and an intense focus on our customer. A substantial majority of our communities are upscale, which generally command among the highest rents in their markets. However, we also pursue the ownership and operation of apartment communities that target a variety of customer segments and price points, consistent with our goal of offering a broad range of products and services.
We believe that, over an entire real estate cycle, lower housing affordability and the limited new supply of apartment homes in our markets will result in a higher propensity to rent and larger increases in cash flow relative to other markets. However, throughout the real estate cycle, apartment market fundamentals, and therefore operating cash flows, are affected by overall economic conditions. A number of our markets experienced economic contraction due to job losses in 2002 and 2003, particularly in the technology, telecom and financial services sectors. This resulted in a prolonged period of weak apartment market fundamentals as reflected in declining rental rates and demand. However, 2004 was a year of transition, where the economy showed signs of an early phase recovery, as evidenced by modest job growth and declining unemployment claims. The improvement in the economic environment in 2005 has resulted in stronger apartment market fundamentals.

44


 

This is supported by the following operating results achieved within our Established Community portfolio during 2005:
  •   we achieved year-over-year revenue growth;
  •   we transitioned from occupancy gains to increases in rental rates as the primary driver of rental revenue growth;
  •   we achieved the highest year-over-year increase in average rental rates in four years; and
  •   average economic occupancy was at or above 95% in each of our markets.
Based on these results and our expectations for improving demand/supply fundamentals, we expect continued growth in the revenue and net operating income generated by our operating communities in 2006. We expect continued job growth and household formation in our markets in 2006, the principal drivers of housing demand. Condominium conversion activity has reduced the availability of rental apartments, while low single-family home affordability makes rental apartments an economically attractive housing alternative. Accordingly, we expect apartment market fundamentals to continue to improve in our markets such that apartment rental demand will outpace new supply, resulting in rental revenue growth of 5.0% to 6.0% in our Established Community portfolio in 2006, and projected NOI growth of 6.0% to 7.0%.
In positioning for future growth, we increased our development volume. We currently have in excess of $1,000,000,000 under construction (measured by total projected capitalized cost of the communities at completion, including the portions owned by joint venture partners). In addition, we continue to secure new Development Rights, as discussed below, including the acquisition of land for future development. We currently have Development Rights for construction of new apartment communities that, based on total projected capitalized cost, total approximately $3,000,000,000. We anticipate starting new developments with total projected capitalized costs of $700,000,000 to $800,000,000 in 2006. These total projected capitalized costs may be impacted by increasing construction costs, particularly in the areas of payroll, utilities, concrete and steel. We also anticipate acquiring additional land held for future development for an aggregate purchase price of $75,000,000 to $100,000,000.
We continue to look for opportunities to acquire existing communities through our investment in and management of a discretionary investment fund (the “Fund”). During its investment period (which will end on or before March 16, 2008), the Fund will be our exclusive vehicle for acquiring apartment communities, subject to certain exceptions. The Fund acquired four communities for an aggregate purchase price of $99,907,000 during 2005 and has approximately $90,000,000 under contract for acquisition in early 2006. We will continue to focus on acquisition opportunities where we believe we can create value, generally through redevelopment or repositioning opportunities.
Strong capital flows to the industry and the strength of the condominium market have resulted in an attractive selling environment. We sold seven communities during 2005 for an aggregate sales price of approximately $350,000,000, of which approximately $315,000,000 was sold to condominium converters. We anticipate asset sales of approximately $225,000,000 to $300,000,000 in 2006.
While the active condominium market has created demand for multifamily apartment communities, it has also created a challenging environment for us in other ways such as:
  •   increased competition for land, resulting in, at times, the acquisition of land zoned for uses other than residential with the potential for rezoning;
  •   increased competition for subcontractors;
  •   increased competition for experienced multifamily development and construction professionals, particularly in our markets;
  •   increased competition for our customers, resulting in increased move-outs due to home ownership; and
  •   increased risks as a result of sales to condominium converters.
There are indications that condominium conversion activity is slowing, which could impact the market for our assets held for sale, and as a result, the volume of assets we offer for sale.

45


 

Our real estate investments consist primarily of current operating apartment communities, communities in various stages of development (“Development Communities”) and Development Rights (i.e., land or land options held for development), as further described in Item 2 of this report. Our current operating communities are further distinguished as Established Communities, Other Stabilized Communities, Lease-Up Communities and Redevelopment Communities. Established Communities are generally operating communities that are consolidated for financial reporting purposes and were owned and had stabilized occupancy and operating expenses as of the beginning of the prior year, which allows the performance of these communities and the markets in which they are located to be compared and monitored between years. Other Stabilized Communities are generally all other operating communities that have stabilized occupancy and operating expenses as of the beginning of the current year, but had not achieved stabilization as of the beginning of the prior year. Lease-Up Communities consist of communities where construction is complete but stabilization has not been achieved. Redevelopment Communities consist of communities where substantial redevelopment is in progress or is planned to begin during the current year. A more detailed description of our reportable segments and other related operating information can be found in Note 9, “Segment Reporting,” of our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Although each of these categories is important to our business, we generally evaluate overall operating, industry and market trends based on the operating results of Established Communities, for which a detailed discussion can be found in “Results of Operations” as part of our discussion of overall operating results. We evaluate our current and future cash needs and future operating potential based on acquisition, disposition, development, redevelopment and financing activities within Other Stabilized, Redevelopment and Development Communities, for which detailed discussions can be found in “Liquidity and Capital Resources.”
As of December 31, 2005, we owned or held an ownership interest in 158 apartment communities containing 45,474 apartment homes in ten states and the District of Columbia, of which 15 communities were under construction and two communities were under reconstruction. In addition, we owned a direct or indirect ownership interest in Development Rights to develop an additional 47 communities that, if developed in the manner expected, will contain an estimated 12,495 apartment homes.
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to use judgment in the application of accounting policies, including making estimates and assumptions. If our judgment or interpretation of the facts and circumstances relating to various transactions had been different, or different estimates or assumptions had been made, it is possible that different accounting policies would have been applied, resulting in different financial results or a different presentation of our financial statements. Below is a discussion of accounting policies that we consider critical to an understanding of our financial condition and operating results and that may require complex judgment in their application or require estimates about matters which are inherently uncertain. As a REIT that owns, operates and develops apartment communities, our critical accounting policies relate to revenue recognition, cost capitalization, asset impairment evaluation and REIT status. A discussion of our significant accounting policies, including further discussion of the accounting policies described below, can be found in Note 1, “Organization and Significant Accounting Policies” of our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Revenue Recognition
Rental income related to leases is recognized on an accrual basis when due from residents in accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, “Revenue Recognition” and Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 13, “Accounting for Leases.” In accordance with our standard lease terms, rental payments are generally due on a monthly basis. Any cash concessions given at the inception of the lease are amortized over the approximate life of the lease, which is generally one year. A discussion regarding the impact of cash concessions on rental revenue for Established Communities can be found in “Results of Operations.”

46


 

Cost Capitalization
We capitalize costs during the development of assets (including interest and related loan fees, property taxes and other direct and indirect costs) beginning when development efforts commence until the asset, or a portion of the asset, is delivered and is ready for its intended use, which is generally indicated by the issuance of a certificate of occupancy. We capitalize costs during redevelopment of apartment homes (including interest and related loan fees, property taxes and other direct and indirect costs) beginning when an apartment home is taken out-of-service for redevelopment until the apartment home redevelopment is completed and the apartment home is available for a new resident. Rental income and operating expenses incurred during the initial lease-up or post-redevelopment lease-up period are fully recognized as they accrue. We capitalize pre-development costs incurred in pursuit of Development Rights for which we currently believe future development is probable. These costs include legal fees, design fees and related overhead costs. Future development of these Development Rights is dependent upon various factors, including zoning and regulatory approval, rental market conditions, construction costs and availability of capital.
Pre-development costs incurred in the pursuit of Development Rights for which future development is not yet considered probable are expensed as incurred. In addition, if the status of a Development Right changes, making future development no longer probable, any capitalized pre-development costs are written-off with a charge to expense.
We generally capitalize only non-recurring expenditures. We capitalize improvements and upgrades only if the item: (i) exceeds $15,000; (ii) extends the useful life of the asset; and (iii) is not related to making an apartment home ready for the next resident. Under this policy, virtually all capitalized costs are non-recurring, as recurring make-ready costs are expensed as incurred. Recurring make-ready costs include: (i) carpet and appliance replacements; (ii) floor coverings; (iii) interior painting; and (iv) other redecorating costs. Because we expense recurring make-ready costs, such as carpet replacements, our expense levels and volatility are greatest in the third quarter of each year as this is when we experience our greatest amount of turnover. We capitalize purchases of personal property, such as computers and furniture, only if the item is a new addition and the item exceeds $2,500. We generally expense replacements of personal property.
In 2005, 2004 and 2003, the amounts capitalized (excluding land costs) related to acquisitions, development and redevelopment were $425,170,000, $347,091,000 and $296,764,000, respectively. For Established and Other Stabilized Communities, we recorded non-revenue generating capital expenditures of $16,753,000 or $471 per apartment home in 2005, $12,347,000 or $354 per apartment home in 2004 and $11,064,000 or $333 per apartment home in 2003. In addition, revenue generating capital expenditures, such as water submetering equipment and cable installations, were $817,000, $637,000 and $529,000 in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The average maintenance costs charged to expense per apartment home, including carpet and appliance replacements, related to these communities was $1,546 in 2005, $1,348 in 2004 and $1,262 in 2003. Historically, we have experienced a gradual increase in capitalized costs and expensed maintenance costs per apartment home as the average age of our communities has increased, and expensed maintenance costs have fluctuated with turnover. Although we expect these trends to continue in the future, capitalized costs increased in 2005 over prior year growth levels as we embarked on a number of community upgrades and improvements. We expect capitalized costs in 2006 to be at or slightly above 2005 levels as we continue with these community upgrades and improvements.
Asset Impairment Evaluation
If there is an event or change in circumstance that indicates an impairment in the value of a community, our policy is to assess the impairment by making a comparison of the current and projected operating cash flow of the community over its remaining useful life, on an undiscounted basis, to the carrying amount of the community. If the carrying amount is in excess of the estimated projected operating cash flow of the community, we would recognize an impairment loss equivalent to an amount required to adjust the carrying amount to its estimated fair market value. Real estate assets held for sale are measured at the lower of the carrying amount or the fair value less the cost to sell.

47


 

We account for our investments in unconsolidated entities that were created prior to and have not been modified since June 29, 2005, and are not variable interest entities in accordance with Statement of Position 78-9, “Accounting for Investments in Real Estate Ventures” and Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 18, “The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock.” Any investments in entities that were created or modified subsequent to June 29, 2005, and are not variable interest entities are accounted for in accordance with EITF Issue No. 04-5, “Determining Whether a General Partner, or the General Partners as a Group, Controls a Limited Partnership or Similar Entity When the Limited Partners Have Certain Rights.” If there is an event or change in circumstance that indicates a loss in the value of an investment, we record the loss and reduce the value of the investment to its fair value. A loss in value would be indicated if we could not recover the carrying value of the investment or if the investee could not sustain an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment.
REIT Status
We are a Maryland corporation that has elected to be treated, for federal income tax purposes, as a REIT. We elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, for the year ended December 31, 1994 and have not revoked such election. A corporate REIT is a legal entity which holds real estate interests and must meet a number of organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that it currently distribute at least 90% of its adjusted taxable income to stockholders. As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to corporate level federal income tax on taxable income we distribute currently to our stockholders. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will be subject to federal income taxes at regular corporate rates (subject to any applicable alternative minimum tax) and may not be able to elect to qualify as a REIT for four subsequent taxable years.

48


 

Results of Operations
Our year-over-year operating performance is primarily affected by changes in net operating income of our current operating apartment communities due to: market conditions; net operating income derived from acquisitions and development completions; the loss of net operating income related to disposed communities; and capital market, disposition and financing activity. A comparison of our operating results for the years 2005, 2004 and 2003 follows (dollars in thousands):
                                                                 
    2005     2004     $ Change     % Change     2004     2003     $ Change     % Change  
Revenue:
                                                               
Rental and other income
  $ 666,376     $ 613,240     $ 53,136       8.7 %   $ 613,240     $ 556,582     $ 56,658       10.2 %
Management, development and other fees
    4,304       604       3,700       612.6 %     604       931       (327 )     (35.1 %)
 
                                               
Total revenue
    670,680       613,844       56,836       9.3 %     613,844       557,513       56,331       10.1 %
 
                                               
 
                                                               
Expenses:
                                                               
Direct property operating expenses, excluding property taxes
    155,481       148,705       6,776       4.6 %     148,705       134,182       14,623       10.8 %
Property taxes
    65,487       59,458       6,029       10.1 %     59,458       53,257       6,201       11.6 %
 
                                               
Total community operating expenses
    220,968       208,163       12,805       6.2 %     208,163       187,439       20,724       11.1 %
 
                                               
 
                                                               
Corporate-level property management and other indirect operating expenses
    31,243       27,956       3,287       11.8 %     27,956       27,123       833       3.1 %
Investments and investment management
    4,834       4,690       144       3.1 %     4,690       2,948       1,742       59.1 %
Interest expense, net
    127,099       131,103       (4,004 )     (3.1 %)     131,103       130,178       925       0.7 %
Depreciation expense
    158,822       151,991       6,831       4.5 %     151,991       138,725       13,266       9.6 %
General and administrative expense
    25,761       18,074       7,687       42.5 %     18,074       14,830       3,244       21.9 %
 
                                               
Total other expenses
    347,759       333,814       13,945       4.2 %     333,814       313,804       20,010       6.4 %
 
                                               
 
                                                               
Equity in income of unconsolidated entities
    7,198       1,100       6,098       554.4 %     1,100       25,535       (24,435 )     n/a  
Venture partner interest in profit-sharing
    —       (1,178 )     1,178       (100.0 %)     (1,178 )     (1,688 )     510       (30.2 %)
Minority interest in consolidated partnerships
    (1,481 )     (150 )     (1,331 )     887.3 %     (150 )     (950 )     800       (84.2 %)
 
                                               
 
                                                               
Income from continuing operations before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    107,670       71,639       36,031       50.3 %     71,639       79,167       (7,528 )     (9.5 %)
 
                                                               
Discontinued operations:
                                                               
 
                                                               
Income from discontinued operations
    14,942       21,134       (6,192 )     (29.3 %)     21,134       31,368       (10,234 )     (32.6 %)
Gain on sale of real estate assets
    199,766       122,425       77,341       63.2 %     122,425       160,990       (38,565 )     (24.0 %)
 
                                               
Total discontinued operations
    214,708       143,559       71,149       49.6 %     143,559       192,358       (48,799 )     (25.4 %)
 
                                               
 
                                                               
Income before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    322,378       215,198       107,180       49.8 %     215,198       271,525       (56,327 )     (20.7 %)
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    —       4,547       (4,547 )     (100.0 %)     4,547       —       4,547       100.0 %
 
                                               
 
                                                               
Net income
    322,378       219,745       102,633       46.7 %     219,745       271,525       (51,780 )     (19.1 %)
Dividends attributable to preferred stock
    (8,700 )     (8,700 )     —       —       (8,700 )     (10,744 )     2,044       (19.0 %)
 
                                               
Net income available to common stockholders
  $ 313,678     $ 211,045     $ 102,633       48.6 %   $ 211,045     $ 260,781     $ (49,736 )     (19.1 %)
 
                                               
Net income available to common stockholders increased $102,633,000, or 48.6%, to $313,678,000 in 2005. This increase is primarily attributable to higher gains on sales of assets in 2005, including the gain related to the sale of a technology investment, as well as increased net operating income from Established Communities and newly developed communities. Net income available to common stockholders decreased $49,736,000, or 19.1%, to $211,045,000 in 2004. This decrease is primarily attributable to lower gains on sales in 2004 as compared to 2003, including the gain realized from an unconsolidated entity, and increased depreciation expense, partially offset by increased net operating income from newly developed and acquired communities.
Net operating income (“NOI”) is considered by management to be an important and appropriate supplemental performance measure to net income because it helps both investors and management to understand the core operations of a community or communities prior to the allocation of any corporate-level or financing-related costs. NOI reflects the operating performance of a community and allows for an easy comparison of the operating performance of individual assets or groups of assets. In addition, because prospective buyers of real estate have different financing and overhead structures, with varying marginal impacts to overhead by acquiring real estate, NOI is considered by many in the real estate industry to be a useful measure for determining the value of a real estate asset or group of assets. We define NOI as total property revenue less direct property operating expenses, including property taxes, and NOI excludes:
  •   corporate-level income (including management, development and other fees);
  •   corporate-level property management and other indirect operating expenses;
  •   investments and investment management costs;

49


 

  •   interest expense, net;
  •   general and administrative expense;
  •   equity in income of unconsolidated entities;
  •   minority interest in consolidated partnerships;
  •   venture partner interest in profit-sharing;
  •   depreciation expense;
  •   gain on sale of real estate assets;
  •   cumulative effect of change in accounting principle; and
  •   income from discontinued operations.
NOI does not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with GAAP. Therefore, NOI should not be considered an alternative to net income as an indication of our performance. NOI should also not be considered an alternative to net cash flow from operating activities, as determined by GAAP, as a measure of liquidity, nor is NOI necessarily indicative of cash available to fund cash needs. A calculation of NOI for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, along with a reconciliation to net income for each year, is as follows (dollars in thousands):
                         
    For the year ended  
    12-31-05     12-31-04     12-31-03  
 
                       
Net income
  $ 322,378     $ 219,745     $ 271,525  
Corporate-level property management and other indirect operating expenses
    31,243       27,956       27,123  
Corporate-level other income
    (4,568 )     (1,344 )     (1,520 )
Investments and investment management
    4,834       4,690       2,948  
Interest expense, net
    127,099       131,103       130,178  
General and administrative expense
    25,761       18,074       14,830  
Equity in income of unconsolidated entities
    (7,198 )     (1,100 )     (25,535 )
Minority interest in consolidated partnerships
    1,481       150       950  
Venture partner interest in profit-sharing
    —       1,178       1,688  
Depreciation expense
    158,822       151,991       138,725  
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    —       (4,547 )     —  
Gain on sale of real estate assets
    (199,766 )     (122,425 )     (160,990 )
Income from discontinued operations
    (14,942 )     (21,134 )     (31,368 )
 
                 
Net operating income
  $ 445,144     $ 404,337     $ 368,554  
 
                 
The NOI increases of $40,807,000 and $35,783,000 in 2005 and 2004, respectively, as compared to the prior years, consist of changes in the following categories (dollars in thousands):
                 
    2005     2004  
    Increase     Increase (Decrease) (1)  
 
               
Established Communities
  $ 13,052     $ (3,363 )
 
               
Other Stabilized Communities
    3,786       16,010  
 
               
Development and Redevelopment Communities
    23,969       23,136  
 
           
 
               
Total
  $ 40,807     $ 35,783  
 
           
(1)   For purposes of this table, amounts have been restated from amounts previously reported for changes in discontinued operations as described in Note 7, “Discontinued Operations — Real Estate Assets Sold or Held for Sale,” of our Consolidated Financial Statements.

50


 

The NOI increase in Established Communities in 2005 was largely due to the improved apartment market fundamentals. We maintained average economic occupancy of at least 95% in all regions during the year ended December 31, 2005 and we experienced the first year-over-year increase in rental rates in three years. We reached a transition point in the components of rental revenue growth, shifting from occupancy gains to increases in rental rates. We will continue to seek increases in rental rates by increasing market rents and/or reducing concessions, and we expect revenue growth from our Established Communities of 5.0% to 6.0% in 2006 as compared to 2005. In addition, although we will continue to aggressively manage operating expenses, there is upward pressure on operating expenses from increasing utility, labor and property tax expenses. We expect operating expenses at our Established Communities to increase by 3.0% to 4.0% in 2006 as compared to 2005. Overall, we anticipate growth in NOI from our Established Communities of 6.0% to 7.0% in 2006 as compared to 2005.
The Company has given projected NOI growth in 2006 only for Established Communities and not on a company-wide basis. The Company believes that NOI growth of the Established Communities assists investors in understanding management’s estimate of the likely contribution to operations from Established Communities. However, the Company has not provided a projection of NOI growth on a company-wide basis due to the difficulty in projecting the timing of new development starts, dispositions and acquisitions, as well as the complexities involved in projecting the allocation of corporate-level property management overhead, general and administrative costs and interest expense to communities not yet developed, disposed or acquired. NOI growth expected from Established Communities is not a projection of the Company’s projected consolidated financial performance or projected cash flow.
Rental and other income increased in 2005 due to increased rental rates and occupancy for our Established Communities, coupled with additional rental income generated from newly developed communities. Rental and other income increased in 2004 due to rental income generated from newly developed and acquired communities, as well as increased occupancy for our Established Communities, partially offset by declines in effective rental rates for our Established Communities. We expect apartment fundamentals to continue to strengthen in 2006.
Overall Portfolio — The weighted average number of occupied apartment homes increased to 36,520 apartment homes for 2005 as compared to 34,540 apartment homes for 2004 and 30,774 apartment homes for 2003. This change is primarily the result of an increase in the overall occupancy rate and increased homes available from newly developed and acquired communities, partially offset by communities sold in 2005 and 2004. The weighted average monthly revenue per occupied apartment home increased to $1,516 in 2005 as compared to $1,477 in 2004 and $1,505 in 2003.
Established Communities — Rental revenue increased $16,523,000, or 3.6%, in 2005 and decreased $1,496,000, or 0.3%, in 2004. The increase in 2005 is due to both increased rental rates and increased economic occupancy as compared to 2004. The decrease in 2004 is due to declining rental rates, partially offset by increased economic occupancy as compared to 2003. For 2005, the weighted average monthly revenue per occupied apartment home increased 2.7% to $1,503 compared to $1,464 in 2004, primarily due to increased market rents and decreased concessions. The average economic occupancy increased from 95.2% in 2004 to 96.1% in 2005. Economic occupancy takes into account the fact that apartment homes of different sizes and locations within a community have different economic impacts on a community’s gross revenue. Economic occupancy is defined as gross potential revenue less vacancy loss, as a percentage of gross potential revenue. Gross potential revenue is determined by valuing occupied homes at leased rates and vacant homes at market rents. We expect rental revenue from Established Communities to increase 5.0% to 6.0% in 2006 as compared to 2005.
We experienced increases in Established Communities’ rental revenue in all six of our regions in 2005 as compared to 2004. The largest increases in rental revenue were in Southern California, the Pacific Northwest and the Northeast, with increases of 5.7%, 4.3% and 3.7%, respectively, between years. The Northeast and Northern California regions comprise the majority of our Established Community revenue, and therefore are discussed in more detail below.

51


 

The Northeast region represented approximately 35.5% of Established Community rental revenue during 2005. Average rental rates increased 2.2% to $1,892 in 2005 and economic occupancy increased 1.5% during 2005. We expect job growth to improve in the Northeast in 2006, although at a more moderate rate than our other markets. We expect moderate rental rate growth in the Northeast during 2006, with Northern New Jersey leading the region in revenue growth. We expect Boston, Massachusetts to lag the region in revenue growth, as economic recovery is not occurring as quickly as in other areas of the region.
Northern California, which represented approximately 31.0% in Established Community rental revenue during 2005, experienced an increase in rental revenue of 2.8% in 2005 as compared to 2004. Average rental rates increased by 2.1% to $1,448 in 2005, and economic occupancy increased 0.7% to 96.2% in 2005. Although apartment fundamentals have been weak in certain areas of Northern California, particularly in San Jose, California, 2005 was a transition point for the region. We expect Northern California to see continued improvement in apartment fundamentals, driven by accelerating job growth and reduced product in the rental market due to condominium conversion activity. We expect the improving fundamentals to translate into accelerated revenue growth.
In accordance with GAAP, cash concessions are amortized as an offset to rental revenue over the approximate lease term, which is generally one year. As a supplemental measure, we also present rental revenue with concessions stated on a cash basis to help investors evaluate the impact of both current and historical concessions on GAAP based rental revenue and to more readily enable comparisons to revenue as reported by other companies. Rental revenue with concessions stated on a cash basis also allows investors to understand historical trends in cash concessions, as well as current rental market conditions.
The following table reconciles total rental revenue in conformity with GAAP to total rental revenue adjusted to state concessions on a cash basis for our Established Communities for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 (dollars in thousands). Information for the year ended December 31, 2003 is not presented, as Established Community classification is not applicable prior to January 1, 2004. See Note 9, “Segment Reporting,” of our Consolidated Financial Statements.
                 
    For the year ended  
    12-31-05     12-31-04  
 
               
Rental revenue (GAAP basis)
  $ 472,367     $ 455,844  
Concessions amortized
    17,102       19,127  
Concessions granted
    (14,835 )     (18,891 )
 
           
 
               
Rental revenue adjusted to state concessions on a cash basis
  $ 474,634     $ 456,080  
 
           
 
               
Year-over-year % change — GAAP revenue
    3.6 %     n/a  
 
               
Year-over-year % change — cash concession based revenue
    4.1 %     n/a  
Management, development and other fees increased in 2005 as compared to 2004 due to increased asset management, property management and redevelopment fees earned from the Fund, which was formed in March 2005. In addition, construction and development fees earned from one of our unconsolidated entities in 2005 contributed to increased fee income. We expect fee income to increase in 2006 as compared to 2005 due to a full year of operations of, and an increased number of assets owned by, the Fund.

52


 

Direct property operating expenses, excluding property taxes increased in both 2005 and 2004, primarily due to the addition of recently developed and acquired apartment homes.
For Established Communities, direct property operating expenses, excluding property taxes, increased $965,000, or 0.9%, to $104,346,000 in 2005 due primarily to increases in payroll and utility costs, partially offset by decreases in marketing and bad debt expenses. During 2004, operating expenses increased $2,131,000, or 2.2%, due primarily to increased payroll costs, as well as increased make-ready costs associated with increasing occupancy. We expect operating expenses for Established Communities to increase by 3.0% to 4.0% in 2006 as compared to 2005, primarily as a result of continued higher utility expenses and payroll costs. Operating expense growth in 2006 as compared to 2005 will be tempered due to $880,000 of expenses incurred in 2005 for land lease payments that will not be incurred in 2006 due to the exercise of a purchase option.
Property taxes increased in both 2005 and 2004 due to overall higher assessments and the addition of newly developed and redeveloped apartment homes, and are impacted by the size and timing of successful tax appeals in both years.
For Established Communities, property taxes increased in 2005 and 2004 by $1,530,000 and $333,000, respectively, due to overall higher assessments throughout all regions, and are impacted by the size and timing of successful tax appeals in both years. We expect property taxes to continue to increase in 2006 as compared to 2005 as local jurisdictions are expected to continue to seek additional revenue sources to offset budget deficits. However, property taxes may fluctuate due to the timing and size of successful tax appeals. We evaluate property tax increases internally, as well as engage third-party consultants, and appeal increases when appropriate.
Corporate-level property management and other indirect operating expenses increased in 2005 as compared to 2004 due to increased compensation costs, as well as increased costs relating to corporate initiatives, including investments in technology and training. We expect corporate-level property management and other indirect operating expenses to increase in 2006 as compared to 2005 as compensation costs continue to increase.
Investments and investment management reflects the costs incurred related to investment acquisitions, investment management and abandoned pursuit costs, which include the abandonment or impairment of development pursuits, acquisition pursuits, disposition pursuits and technology investments. Investments and investment management increased in 2005 as compared to 2004 due primarily to increased costs incurred in forming and managing the Fund, partially offset by a decrease in abandoned pursuit costs. Investments and investment management increased in 2004 as compared to 2003 due to the costs incurred in preparing for and forming the Fund, increased compensation costs and increased abandoned pursuit costs. We expect investments and investment management costs to increase in 2006 as compared to 2005 as Fund activity increases. Abandoned pursuit costs were $816,000, $1,726,000 and $1,180,000 in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Abandoned pursuit costs can be volatile, and the costs incurred in any given period may be widely different in future years.
Interest expense, net decreased in 2005 as compared to 2004 primarily due to the repayment of unsecured debt and a partial reissuance at lower interest rates, as well as higher levels of capitalized interest, in connection with our increased development activity, partially offset by overall higher short-term interest rates and higher average outstanding balances on our unsecured credit facility. Interest expense, net increased in 2004 as compared to 2003 primarily due to the interest income related to a participating mortgage note included in interest expense, net in 2003 (as described more fully below), partially offset by the repayment of unsecured debt and reissuance at lower interest rates, overall lower interest rates and lower average outstanding balances on our unsecured credit facility. We expect interest expense, net to decrease during 2006 primarily due to higher levels of capitalized interest resulting from increased development activity, as well as lower average outstanding balances on our unsecured credit facility.

53


 

Depreciation expense increased in both 2005 and 2004 primarily due to the completion of development and redevelopment activities.
General and administrative expense (“G&A”) increased in 2005 as compared to 2004 as a result of: (i) separation costs of approximately $2,100,000 due to the departure of a senior executive; (ii) the accrual of costs related to various litigation matters of approximately $1,500,000; (iii) increased board of director fees due to the acceleration of equity awards with the resignation of a director due to disability; and (iv) higher compensation costs. G&A increased in 2004 as compared to 2003 as a result of higher compensation costs, increased litigation and settlement costs associated with certain community and corporate matters, and additional corporate governance costs, including costs relating to compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. We expect expensed overhead costs, including G&A, corporate - level property management and investments and investment management, to increase from 0.0% to 5.0% in 2006 as compared to 2005.
Equity in income of unconsolidated entities increased in 2005 primarily due to the gain recognized in the amount of $6,252,000 related to the sale of our investment in Rent.com to eBay. Equity in income of unconsolidated entities decreased in 2004 as compared to 2003 primarily due to our 50% share of the gain received on a community sold in 2003 which was accounted for under the equity method.
Venture partner interest in profit-sharing in 2004 and 2003 represented the income allocated to our venture partner in a profit-sharing arrangement as discussed in Note 6, “Investments in Unconsolidated Entities,” of our Consolidated Financial Statements. Effective December 2004, we no longer account for our interest in this venture as a profit-sharing arrangement, and therefore during 2005, no income or loss from venture partner interest in profit-sharing was recognized.
Minority interest in consolidated partnerships increased in 2005 and decreased in 2004 due to the consolidation of an entity under FASB Interpretation No. 46 (“FIN 46”), “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation of ARB No. 51,” as revised in December 2003. Effective January 1, 2004, we consolidated an entity from which we held a participating mortgage note due to the implementation of FIN 46 as discussed in Note 1, “Organization and Significant Accounting Policies,” of our Consolidated Financial Statements. We did not hold an equity interest in this entity, and therefore 100% of the entity’s net loss was recognized as minority interest in consolidated partnerships during the year ended December 31, 2004. In October 2004, we received payment in full of the outstanding mortgage note due from this entity. Upon repayment of the mortgage note, our economic interest in this entity ended, and therefore this entity was no longer considered a variable interest entity under FIN 46 and we discontinued consolidation.
Income from discontinued operations represents the net income generated by communities sold during the period from January 1, 2003 through December 31, 2005 or considered held for sale as of December 31, 2005. See Note 7, “Discontinued Operations — Real Estate Assets Sold or Held for Sale” of our Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. The decreases in 2005 and 2004 are due to the sale of seven communities and one office building in 2005 and five communities in 2004, eliminating the income generated from these assets upon disposition.
Gain on sale of real estate assets increased in 2005 and decreased in 2004 due to the volume and size of dispositions in each year. The amount of gains realized depends on many factors, including the number of communities sold, the size and carrying value of those communities and local market conditions. We expect to continue to sell communities based on overall portfolio allocation needs as well as to respond to market opportunities.
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle in 2004 is a result of the implementation of FIN 46, discussed above, and represents the difference between the net assets consolidated under FIN 46 and the previously recorded net assets.
Dividends attributable to preferred stock decreased during 2004 primarily as a result of several preferred stock redemptions during 2003.

54


 

Funds from Operations Attributable to Common Stockholders (“FFO”)
FFO is considered by management to be an appropriate supplemental measure of our operating and financial performance because, by excluding gains or losses related to dispositions of previously depreciated property and excluding real estate depreciation, which can vary among owners of identical assets in similar condition based on historical cost accounting and useful life estimates, FFO can help one compare the operating performance of a real estate company between periods or as compared to different companies. We believe that in order to understand our operating results, FFO should be examined with net income as presented in our Consolidated Financial Statements. For a more detailed discussion and presentation of FFO, see “Selected Financial Data,” included in Item 6 of this report.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Factors affecting our liquidity and capital resources are our cash flows from operations, financing activities and investing activities. Operating cash flow has historically been determined by: (i) the number of apartment homes currently owned, (ii) rental rates, (iii) occupancy levels and (iv) operating expenses with respect to apartment homes. The timing, source and amount of cash flow provided by financing activities and used in investing activities are sensitive to the capital markets environment, particularly to changes in interest rates. The timing and type of capital markets activity in which we engage, as well as our plans for development, redevelopment, acquisition and disposition activity, are affected by changes in the capital markets environment, such as changes in interest rates or the availability of cost-effective capital.
We regularly review our liquidity needs, the adequacy of cash flow from operations, and other expected liquidity sources to meet these needs. We believe our principal short-term liquidity needs are to fund:
  •   normal recurring operating expenses;
  •   debt service and maturity payments;
  •   preferred stock dividends and DownREIT partnership unit distributions;
  •   the minimum dividend payments required to maintain our REIT qualification under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986;
  •   development and redevelopment activity in which we are currently engaged; and
  •   capital calls for the Fund as required.
We anticipate that we can fully satisfy these needs from a combination of cash flow provided by operating activities, proceeds from asset dispositions and borrowing capacity under our variable rate unsecured credit facility.
Cash and cash equivalents totaled $6,106,000 at December 31, 2005, an increase of $4,585,000 from $1,521,000 at December 31, 2004. The following discussion relates to changes in cash due to operating, investing and financing activities, which are presented in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows included elsewhere in this report.
Operating Activities — Net cash provided by operating activities increased to $306,639,000 in 2005 from $275,617,000 in 2004, primarily due to additional NOI from our Established Community operations, as well as NOI from recently developed communities, partially offset by the loss of NOI from the 12 communities sold in 2005 and 2004, as discussed earlier in this report.
Investing Activities — Net cash used in investing activities of $19,761,000 in 2005 related to investments in assets through development, redevelopment and acquisition of apartment communities, including the acquisition of a partner interest in a real estate joint venture, substantially all of which is offset by proceeds from asset dispositions, including the proceeds from the sale of a technology investment. During 2005, we invested $459,376,000 in the purchase and development of real estate and capital expenditures:
  •   we began the development of 12 new communities. These communities, if developed as expected, will contain a total of 3,365 apartment homes, and the total capitalized cost, including land acquisition costs, is projected to be approximately $882,700,000. We completed the development;

55


 

      of seven communities containing an aggregate of 1,971 apartment homes for a total capitalized cost, including land acquisition cost, of $408,200,000;
  •   we completed the redevelopment of three communities containing 1,094 apartment homes for a total capitalized cost of $196,700,000, of which $165,700,000 was incurred prior to redevelopment;
  •   we acquired the 75% equity interest of a third-party partner in a joint venture owning one community for a net purchase price of $57,415,000;
  •   we contributed $6,278,000 for a 15.2% equity interest in the Fund, which upon contribution owned four apartment communities containing a total of 879 apartment homes with an aggregate gross real estate value of $112,852,000. We also received net proceeds of $87,948,000 as reimbursement for acquiring and warehousing these communities. In December 2005, we contributed an additional $5,303,000 to the Fund, bringing our total equity investment in the Fund to approximately $11,600,000;
  •   we acquired 13 parcels of land in connection with Development Rights, for an aggregate purchase price of $115,849,000; and
  •   we had capital expenditures relating to current communities’ real estate assets of $17,570,000 and non-real estate capital expenditures of $1,520,000.
Financing Activities — Net cash used in financing activities totaled $282,293,000 in 2005, consisting primarily of dividends paid, certain unsecured note repayments and mortgage note repayments, partially offset by the issuance of common stock for option exercises, the issuance of unsecured notes and mortgage notes payable including draws on construction loans and an increase in borrowings under our unsecured credit facility. See Note 3, “Notes Payable, Unsecured Notes and Credit Facility,” and Note 4, “Stockholders’ Equity,” of our Consolidated Financial Statements, for additional information.
Variable Rate Unsecured Credit Facility
We have a $500,000,000 revolving variable rate unsecured credit facility with JPMorgan Chase Bank and Wachovia Bank, N.A. serving as banks and syndication agents for a syndicate of commercial banks and Bank of America, serving as bank and administrative agent. Under the terms of the credit facility, we may elect to increase the facility by up to an additional $150,000,000, provided that one or more banks (from the syndicate or otherwise) voluntarily agree to provide the additional commitment. No member of the syndicate of banks can prohibit such increase; such an increase in the facility will only be effective to the extent banks (from the syndicate or otherwise) choose to commit to lend additional funds. We pay participating banks, in the aggregate, an annual facility fee of approximately $750,000. The unsecured credit facility bears interest at varying levels based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), rating levels achieved on our unsecured notes and on a maturity schedule selected by us. The current stated pricing is LIBOR plus 0.55% per annum (5.12% on January 31, 2006). The spread over LIBOR can vary from LIBOR plus 0.50% to LIBOR plus 1.15% based upon the rating of our long-term unsecured debt. In addition, a competitive bid option is available for borrowings of up to $250,000,000. This option allows banks that are part of the lender consortium to bid to provide us loans at a rate that is lower than the stated pricing provided by the unsecured credit facility. The competitive bid option may result in lower pricing if market conditions allow. We had no outstanding balance under this competitive bid option at January 31, 2006. We are subject to (i) certain customary covenants under the unsecured credit facility, including, but not limited to, maintaining certain maximum leverage ratios, a minimum fixed charges coverage ratio and minimum unencumbered assets and equity levels, and (ii) prohibitions on paying dividends in amounts that exceed 95% of our FFO, except as may be required to maintain our REIT status. The credit facility matures in May 2008, assuming our exercise of a one-year renewal option. At January 31, 2006, $16,000,000 was outstanding, $39,504,000 was used to provide letters of credit and $444,496,000 was available for borrowing under the unsecured credit facility.

56


 

Future Financing and Capital Needs — Debt Maturities
One of our principal long-term liquidity needs is the repayment of long-term debt at the time that such debt matures. For unsecured notes, we anticipate that no significant portion of the principal of these notes will be repaid prior to maturity. If we do not have funds on hand sufficient to repay our indebtedness as it becomes due, it will be necessary for us to refinance the debt. This refinancing may be accomplished by uncollateralized private or public debt offerings, additional debt financing that is collateralized by mortgages on individual communities or groups of communities, draws on our unsecured credit facility or by additional equity offerings. Although we believe we will have the capacity to meet our long-term liquidity needs, we cannot assure you that additional debt financing or debt or equity offerings will be available or, if available, that they will be on terms we consider satisfactory.
The following debt activity occurred during the year ended December 31, 2005:
  •   We repaid $150,000,000 in previously issued unsecured notes in January 2005, along with any unpaid interest, pursuant to their scheduled maturity. No prepayment penalty was incurred;
  •   We issued $100,000,000 in unsecured notes in March 2005 under our existing shelf registration statement at an annual effective interest rate of 4.999%. Interest on these notes is payable semi-annually on March 15 and September 15, and they mature in March 2013;
  •   In connection with the admission of outside investors into the Fund, we deconsolidated the assets and liabilities of four communities owned by the Fund, including $24,869,000 in fixed rate mortgage debt secured by two of the communities;
  •   We made a payment in the amount of $36,142,000 to the third-party lender of a joint venture entity that was unconsolidated at December 31, 2004 but was consolidated in March 2005 upon acquisition of the 75% equity interest of the third-party partner; and
  •   We assumed $4,566,000 in fixed rate debt in connection with the acquisition of a parcel of improved land.
We currently have an effective shelf registration statement on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The shelf registration statement originally provided for the issuance of $750,000,000 of debt and equity in one or more public offerings, however, only $370,984,000 remains available for issuance. We expect to increase our debt and equity capacity in early 2006. However, we cannot assure you that market conditions will permit us to issue debt or equity securities on cost-effective terms or that the registration statement will remain available and effective at all times.

57


 

The table below details debt maturities for the next five years, excluding our unsecured credit facility, for debt outstanding at December 31, 2005 (dollars in thousands).
                                                                                         
    All-In     Principal                      
    interest     maturity     Balance outstanding             Scheduled maturities  
Community   rate (1)     date     12-31-04     12-31-05             2006     2007     2008     2009     2010     Thereafter  
Tax-exempt bonds
                                                                                       
Fixed rate
                                                                                       
CountryBrook
    6.30 %   Mar-2012   $ 17,145     $ 16,586             $ 596     $ 634     $ 676     $ 719     $ 766     $ 13,195  
Avalon at Symphony Glen
    4.90 %   Jul-2024     9,780       9,780               —       —       —       —       —       9,780  
Avalon View
    7.55 %   Aug-2024     16,920       16,465               485       518       555       595       635       13,677  
Avalon at Lexington
    6.55 %   Feb-2025     13,151       12,834               398       391       415       441       469       10,720  
Avalon at Nob Hill
    5.80 %   Jun-2025     18,847       18,494       (2 )     —       —       —       —       —       18,494  
Avalon Campbell
    6.48 %   Jun-2025     34,395       33,614       (2 )     —       —       —       —       —       33,614  
Avalon Pacifica
    6.48 %   Jun-2025     15,602       15,247       (2 )     —       —       —       —       —       15,247  
Avalon Knoll
    6.95 %   Jun-2026     12,502       12,239               282       302       324       347       371       10,613  
Avalon Landing
    6.85 %   Jun-2026     6,177       6,044               141       152       162       173       185       5,231  
Avalon Fields
    7.55 %   May-2027     10,912       10,705               221       239       256       275       295       9,419  
Avalon West
    7.73 %   Dec-2036     8,327       8,259               88       85       91       98       105       7,792  
Avalon Oaks
    7.45 %   Jul-2041     17,426       17,324               130       128       138       147       158       16,623  
Avalon Oaks West
    7.48 %   Apr-2043     17,239       17,145               118       117       125       134       143       16,508  
 
                                                                       
 
                    198,423       194,736               2,459       2,566       2,742       2,929       3,127       180,913  
 
                                                                                       
Variable rate (3)
                                                                                       
The Promenade
    4.68 %   Oct-2010     32,663       32,100               604       652       701       755       29,388       —  
Waterford
    3.40 %   Jul-2014     33,100       33,100       (4 )     —       —       —       —       —       33,100  
Avalon at Mountain View
    3.40 %   Feb-2017     18,300       18,300       (4 )     —       —       —       —       —       18,300  
Avalon at Foxchase I
    3.40 %   Nov-2017     16,800       16,800       (4 )     —       —       —       —       —       16,800  
Avalon at Foxchase II
    3.40 %   Nov-2017     9,600       9,600       (4 )     —       —       —       —       —       9,600  
Avalon at Mission Viejo
    4.02 %   Jun-2025     7,635       7,635       (4 )     —       —       —       —       —       7,635  
Avalon at Nob Hill
    3.61 %   Jun-2025     1,953       2,306       (2 )     —       —       —       —       —       2,306  
Avalon Campbell
    3.61 %   Jun-2025     4,405       5,186       (2 )     —       —       —       —       —       5,186  
Avalon Pacifica
    3.61 %   Jun-2025     1,998       2,353       (2 )     —       —       —       —       —       2,353  
Avalon at Fairway Hills I
    3.96 %   Jun-2026     11,500       11,500               —       —       —       —       —       11,500  
 
                                                                       
 
                    137,954       138,880               604       652       701       755       29,388       106,780  
 
                                                                                       
Conventional loans (5)
                                                                                       
Fixed rate
                                                                                       
$100 million unsecured notes
    6.75 %   Jan-2005     100,000       —               —       —       —       —       —       —  
$50 million unsecured notes
    6.50 %   Jan-2005     50,000       —               —       —       —       —       —       —  
$150 million unsecured notes
    6.93 %   Jul-2006     150,000       150,000               150,000       —       —       —       —       —  
$150 million unsecured notes
    5.18 %   Aug-2007     150,000       150,000               —       150,000       —       —       —       —  
$110 million unsecured notes
    7.13 %   Dec-2007     110,000       110,000               —       110,000       —       —       —       —  
$50 million unsecured notes
    6.63 %   Jan-2008     50,000       50,000               —       —       50,000       —       —       —  
$150 million unsecured notes
    8.37 %   Jul-2008     150,000       150,000               —       —       150,000       —       —       —  
$150 million unsecured notes
    7.63 %   Aug-2009     150,000       150,000               —       —       —       150,000       —       —  
$200 million unsecured notes
    7.67 %   Dec-2010     200,000       200,000               —       —       —       —       200,000       —  
$300 million unsecured notes
    6.79 %   Sep-2011     300,000       300,000               —       —       —       —       —       300,000  
$50 million unsecured notes
    6.31 %   Sep-2011     50,000       50,000               —       —       —       —       —       50,000  
$250 million unsecured notes
    6.26 %   Nov-2012     250,000       250,000               —       —       —       —       —       250,000  
$100 million unsecured notes
    5.11 %   Mar-2013     —       100,000               —       —       —       —       —       100,000  
$150 million unsecured notes
    5.52 %   Apr-2014     150,000       150,000               —       —       —       —       —       150,000  
Wheaton Development Right
    6.99 %   Oct-2008     4,660       4,589               75       82       4,432       —       —       —  
Eisenhower Ave. Development Right
    8.08 %   Apr-2009     —       4,504               109       110       119       4,166       —       —  
Twinbrook Development Right
    7.25 %   Oct-2011     8,545       8,379               158       182       194       211       227       7,407  
Avalon Redondo Beach (6)
    4.84 %   Oct-2011     16,765       —               —       —       —       —       —       —  
Briarcliffe Lakeside (6)
    6.90 %   Feb-2028     8,104       —               —       —       —       —       —       —  
Tysons West Development Right
    5.55 %   Jul-2028     6,819       6,681               146       155       162       173       183       5,862  
Avalon Orchards
    7.65 %   Jul-2033     20,353       20,136               275       272       292       313       335       18,649  
 
                                                                       
 
                    1,925,246       1,854,289               150,763       260,801       205,199       154,863       200,745       881,918  
 
                                                                                       
Variable rate (3)
                                                                                       
Avalon Del Rey
    5.89 %   Sep-2007     6,278       32,547               —       32,547       —       —       —       —  
Avalon Ledges
    5.68 %   May-2009     19,674       19,290       (4 )     815       651       688       17,136       —       —  
Avalon at Flanders Hill
    5.68 %   May-2009     22,429       21,935       (4 )     874       742       784       19,535       —       —
Avalon at Newton Highlands
    5.62 %   May-2009     39,902       38,905       (4 )     1,472       1,329       1,397       34,707       —       —  
 
                                                                       
 
                    88,283       112,677               3,161       35,269       2,869       71,378       —       —  
 
                                                                                       
Total indebtedness — excluding unsecured credit facility
                  $ 2,349,906     $ 2,300,582             $ 156,987     $ 299,288     $ 211,511     $ 229,925     $ 233,260     $ 1,169,611  
 
                                                                       
 
(1)   Includes credit enhancement fees, facility fees, trustees’ fees and other fees.
 
(2)   Financed by variable rate, tax-exempt debt, but the interest rate on a portion of this debt is effectively fixed at December 31, 2005 and 2004 through a swap agreement. The portion of the debt fixed through a swap agreement decreases (and therefore the variable portion of the debt increases) monthly as payments are made to a principal reserve fund.
 
(3)   Variable rates are given as of December 31, 2005.
 
(4)   Financed by variable rate debt, but interest rate is capped through an interest rate protection agreement.
 
(5)   Balances outstanding do not include $818 and $552 of debt discount as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, reflected in unsecured notes on our Consolidated Balance Sheets included elsewhere in this report.
 
(6)   This community was deconsolidated in March 2005 upon the admission of outside investors into the Fund.

58


 

Future Financing and Capital Needs — Portfolio and Other Activity
As of December 31, 2005, we had 15 new communities under construction, for which a total estimated cost of $598,412,000 remained to be invested. In addition, we had two communities under reconstruction, for which a total estimated cost of $1,656,000 remained to be invested. Substantially all of the capital expenditures necessary to complete the communities currently under construction and reconstruction, as well as development costs related to pursuing Development Rights, will be funded from:
  •   the remaining capacity under our current $500,000,000 unsecured credit facility;
  •   the net proceeds from sales of existing communities;
  •   retained operating cash;
  •   the issuance of debt or equity securities; and/or
  •   private equity funding.
Before planned reconstruction activity, including reconstruction activity related to the Fund as discussed below, or the construction of a Development Right begins, we intend to arrange adequate financing to complete these undertakings, although we cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain such financing. In the event that financing cannot be obtained, we may have to abandon Development Rights, write-off associated pre-development costs that were capitalized and/or forego reconstruction activity. In such instances, we will not realize the increased revenues and earnings that we expected from such Development Rights or reconstruction activity and significant losses could be incurred.
We have invested in the Fund, a private, discretionary investment vehicle that will acquire and operate apartment communities in our markets. The Fund will serve, until March 16, 2008 or until 80% of its committed capital is invested, as the exclusive vehicle through which we will acquire apartment communities, subject to certain exceptions. These exceptions include significant individual asset and portfolio acquisitions, properties acquired in tax-deferred transactions and acquisitions that are inadvisable or inappropriate for the Fund, if any. The Fund will not restrict our development activities, and will terminate after a term of eight years, subject to two one-year extensions. The Fund has nine institutional investors, including us, with combined capital commitments of $330,000,000. A significant portion of the investments made in the Fund by its investors are being made through AvalonBay Value Added Fund, Inc., a Maryland corporation that will qualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code (the “Fund REIT”). A wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company is the general partner of the Fund and has committed $50,000,000 to the Fund and the Fund REIT (of which approximately $11,600,000 has been invested as of January 31, 2006) representing a 15.2% combined general partner and limited partner equity interest. Under the Fund documents, the Fund has the ability to employ leverage through debt financings up to 65% on a portfolio basis, which, if achieved, would enable the Fund to invest up to $940,000,000.
From time to time we use joint ventures to hold or develop individual real estate assets. We generally employ joint ventures primarily to mitigate asset concentration or market risk and secondarily as a source of liquidity. We may also use joint ventures related to mixed-use land development opportunities where our partners bring development and operational expertise to the venture. Each joint venture or partnership agreement has been and will continue to be individually negotiated, and our ability to operate and/or dispose of a community in our sole discretion may be limited to varying degrees depending on the terms of the joint venture or partnership agreement. However, we can not assure you that we will achieve our objectives through joint ventures.
In evaluating our allocation of capital within our markets, we sell assets that do not meet our long-term investment criteria or when capital and real estate markets allow us to realize a portion of the value created over the past business cycle and redeploy the proceeds from those sales to develop and redevelop communities. In response to real estate and capital markets conditions, including strong institutional demand for real estate assets in our markets and demand from condominium converters, we sold seven communities with net proceeds in the aggregate of $344,185,000 in 2005, and expect to sell communities at an aggregate sales price of $225,000,000 to $300,000,000 in 2006. We cannot assure you that assets can continue to be sold on terms that we consider satisfactory or that market conditions will continue

59


 

to make the sale of assets an appealing strategy. Because the proceeds from the sale of communities may not be immediately redeployed into revenue generating assets, the immediate effect of a sale of a community for a gain is to increase net income, but reduce future total revenues, total expenses, NOI and FFO. As of January 31, 2006, we have one community classified as held for sale under GAAP. We are actively pursuing the disposition of this community and expect to close on this disposition within the next twelve months. However, we cannot assure you that this community will be sold as planned.
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
We own interests in unconsolidated real estate entities, with ownership interests up to 50%. Four of these unconsolidated real estate entities, Avalon Terrace, LLC, CVP I, LLC, Mission Bay Venture Partners, LLC and the Fund, have debt outstanding as of December 31, 2005 as follows. Additional discussion of these entities can be found in Note 6, “Investments in Unconsolidated Entities,” of our Consolidated Financial Statements located elsewhere in this report.
  •   Avalon Terrace, LLC has $37,200,000 of fixed rate debt which matures in November 2010 and is payable by the unconsolidated real estate entity with operating cash flow from the underlying real estate. We have not guaranteed the debt on Avalon Terrace, LLC, nor do we have any obligation to fund this debt should the unconsolidated real estate entity be unable to do so.
  •   CVP I, LLC has outstanding bonds in the amount of $117,000,000 which mature in February 2009, assuming exercise of two one-year renewal options, and are payable by the unconsolidated real estate entity. In connection with the general contractor services that we provided to CVP I, LLC, the entity that owns and developed Avalon Chrystie Place I, we have provided a construction completion guarantee to the lender in order to fulfill their standard financing requirements related to the bond financing. Our obligations under this guarantee will terminate once all of the lender’s standard completion requirements have been satisfied. We currently expect this to occur in early 2006.
  •   Mission Bay Venture Partners, LLC has a construction loan in the amount of $94,400,000 (of which $28,354,000 is outstanding as of December 31, 2005), which matures in September 2010, assuming exercise of two one-year renewal options, and is payable by the unconsolidated real estate entity. In connection with the general contractor services that we provide to Mission Bay Venture Partners, LLC, the entity that owns and is developing Avalon Mission Bay North II, we have provided a construction completion guarantee to the lender in order to fulfill their standard financing requirements related to the construction financing. Our obligations under this guarantee will terminate following construction completion once all of the lender’s standard completion requirements have been satisfied. We currently expect this to occur in 2007.
  •   The Fund has six mortgage loans with amounts outstanding of $16,765,000, $16,575,000, $31,500,000, $23,806,000, $7,960,000 and $16,500,000, which mature in October 2011, April 2012, July 2012, August 2013, February 2028 (but can be prepaid after February 2008 without penalty) and October 2012, respectively. These mortgage loans are secured by the underlying real estate. In addition, the Fund has a credit facility with $37,100,000 outstanding as of December 31, 2005, which matures in January 2008. The mortgage loans and the credit facility are payable by the Fund with operating cash flow from the underlying real estate, and the credit facility is secured by capital commitments. We have not guaranteed the debt of the Fund, nor do we have any obligation to fund this debt should the Fund be unable to do so.
In addition, as part of the formation of the Fund, we have provided to one of the limited partners a guarantee. The guarantee provides that, if, upon final liquidation of the Fund, the total amount of all distributions to that partner during the life of the Fund (whether from operating cash flow or property sales) does not equal the total capital contributions made by that partner, then we will pay the partner an amount equal to the shortfall, but in no event more than 10% of the total capital contributions made by the partner (maximum of approximately $1,700,000 as of December 31, 2005). We have not recorded a liability related to this guarantee as of December 31, 2005, as the fair value of the real estate assets owned by the Fund is considered adequate to cover such payment under a liquidation scenario.

60


 

There are no other lines of credit, side agreements, financial guarantees or any other derivative financial instruments related to or between us and our unconsolidated real estate entities. In evaluating our capital structure and overall leverage, management takes into consideration our proportionate share of this unconsolidated debt.
Contractual Obligations
We currently have contractual obligations consisting primarily of long-term debt obligations and lease obligations for certain land parcels and regional and administrative office space. Scheduled contractual obligations required for the next five years and thereafter are as follows as of December 31, 2005 (dollars in thousands):
                                         
    Payments due by period  
            Less than 1                     More than 5  
    Total     Year     1-3 Years     3-5 Years     Years  
 
                                       
Long-Term Debt Obligations (1)
  $ 2,367,382     $ 223,787     $ 510,799     $ 463,185     $ 1,169,611  
 
                                       
Operating Lease Obligations (2)
    1,185,093       3,454       6,915       6,044       1,168,680  
 
                             
 
                                       
Total
  $ 3,552,475     $ 227,241     $ 517,714     $ 469,229     $ 2,338,291  
 
                             
  (1)   Includes $66,800 outstanding under our variable rate unsecured credit facility as of December 31, 2005. The table of contractual obligations assumes repayment of this amount in 2006 — See “Liquidity and Capital Resources.” Amounts exclude interest payable as of December 31, 2005.
 
  (2)   Includes land leases expiring between July 2029 and March 2142. Amounts do not include any adjustment for purchase options available under the land leases.
Inflation and Deflation
Substantially all of our apartment leases are for a term of one year or less. In an inflationary environment, this may allow us to realize increased rents upon renewal of existing leases or the beginning of new leases. Short-term leases generally minimize our risk from the adverse effects of inflation, although these leases generally permit residents to leave at the end of the lease term and therefore expose us to the effect of a decline in market rents. In a deflationary rent environment, we may be exposed to declining rents more quickly under these shorter term leases.
Forward-Looking Statements
This Form 10-K contains “forward-looking statements” as that term is defined under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. You can identify forward-looking statements by our use of the words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “assume,” “project,” “plan,” “may,” “shall,” “will” and other similar expressions in this Form 10-K, that predict or indicate future events and trends and that do not report historical matters. These statements include, among other things, statements regarding our intent, belief or expectations with respect to:
  •   our potential development, redevelopment, acquisition or disposition of communities;
  •   the timing and cost of completion of apartment communities under construction, reconstruction, development or redevelopment;
  •   the timing of lease-up, occupancy and stabilization of apartment communities;
  •   the pursuit of land on which we are considering future development;
  •   the anticipated operating performance of our communities;
  •   cost, yield and earnings estimates;
  •   our declaration or payment of distributions;
  •   our joint venture and discretionary fund activities;
  •   our policies regarding investments, indebtedness, acquisitions, dispositions, financings and other matters;
  •   our qualification as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code;

61


 

  •   the real estate markets in Northern and Southern California and markets in selected states in the Mid-Atlantic, Northeast, Midwest and Pacific Northwest regions of the United States and in general;
  •   the availability of debt and equity financing;
  •   interest rates;
  •   general economic conditions; and
  •   trends affecting our financial condition or results of operations.
We cannot assure the future results or outcome of the matters described in these statements; rather, these statements merely reflect our current expectations of the approximate outcomes of the matters discussed. You should not rely on forward-looking statements because they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond our control. These risks, uncertainties and other factors, which we describe in Item 1a, “Risk Factors,” elsewhere in this report, may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from the anticipated future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements.
In addition, these forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date of this report. We do not undertake to update these forward-looking statements, and therefore they may not represent our estimates and assumptions after the date of this report.
ITEM 7a.   QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are exposed to certain financial market risks, the most predominant being fluctuations in interest rates. We monitor interest rate fluctuations as an integral part of our overall risk management program, which recognizes the unpredictability of financial markets and seeks to reduce the potentially adverse effect on our results of operations. The effect of interest rate fluctuations historically has been small relative to other factors affecting operating results, such as rental rates and occupancy. The specific market risks and the potential impact on our operating results are described below.
Our operating results are affected by changes in interest rates as a result of borrowings under our variable rate unsecured credit facility as well as outstanding bonds with variable interest rates. We had $241,712,000 and $217,881,000 in variable rate debt outstanding (excluding variable rate debt effectively fixed through swap agreements) as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. If interest rates on the variable rate debt had been 100 basis points higher throughout 2005 and 2004, our annual interest costs would have increased by approximately $3,990,000 and $3,682,000 respectively, based on balances outstanding during the applicable years.
We currently use interest rate protection agreements (consisting of interest rate swap and cap agreements) to reduce the impact of interest rate fluctuations on certain variable rate indebtedness. Under swap agreements:
  •   we agree to pay to a counterparty the interest that would have been incurred on a fixed principal amount at a fixed interest rate (generally, the interest rate on a particular treasury bond on the date the agreement is entered into, plus a fixed increment); and
  •   the counterparty agrees to pay to us the interest that would have been incurred on the same principal amount at an assumed floating interest rate tied to a particular market index.
As of December 31, 2005, the effect of swap agreements is to fix the interest rate on approximately $67,400,000 of our variable rate, tax-exempt debt. The interest rate protection provided by certain swap agreements on the consolidated variable rate, tax-exempt debt was not electively entered into by us but, rather, was a requirement of either the bond issuer or the credit enhancement provider related to certain of our tax-exempt bond financings. Because the counterparties providing the swap agreements are major financial institutions which have an A+ or better credit rating by the Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group and the interest rates fixed by the swap agreements are significantly higher than current market rates for such agreements, we do not believe there is exposure at this time to a default by a counterparty provider. Had these swap agreements not been in place during 2005 and 2004, our annual interest costs would have been

62


 

approximately $1,878,000 and $2,769,000 lower, respectively, based on balances outstanding and reported interest rates during the applicable years. Additionally, if the variable interest rates on this debt had been 100 basis points higher throughout 2005 and 2004 and these swap agreements had not been in place, our annual interest costs would have been approximately $1,200,000 and $2,073,000 lower, respectively.
In addition, changes in interest rates affect the fair value of our fixed rate debt, which impacts the fair value of our aggregate indebtedness. Debt securities and notes payable (excluding our variable rate unsecured credit facility) with an aggregate carrying value of $2,300,582,000 at December 31, 2005 had an estimated aggregate fair value of $2,426,250,000 at December 31, 2005. Fixed rate debt (excluding variable rate debt effectively fixed through swap agreements) represented $1,981,670,000 of the carrying value and $2,107,342,000 of the fair value at December 31, 2005. If interest rates had been 100 basis points higher as of December 31, 2005, the fair value of this fixed rate debt would have decreased by $88,418,000.

63


 

ITEM 8.   FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The response to this Item 8 is included as a separate section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 9.   CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9a.   CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
(a)       Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. As required by Rule 13a-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. We continue to review and document our disclosure controls and procedures, including our internal control over financial reporting, and may from time to time make changes aimed at enhancing their effectiveness and to ensure that our systems evolve with our business.
(b)       Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 based on the framework in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on that evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2005.
Management’s assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included elsewhere herein.
(c)       Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fourth quarter of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 9b.   OTHER INFORMATION
None.

64


 

PART III
ITEM 10.   DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF REGISTRANT
Information pertaining to directors and executive officers of the Company and the Company’s Code of Conduct are incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the year covered by this Form 10-K with respect to the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 17, 2006.
ITEM 11.   EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Information pertaining to executive compensation is incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the year covered by this Form 10-K with respect to the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 17, 2006.
ITEM 12.   SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Information pertaining to security ownership of management and certain beneficial owners of the Company’s common stock is incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the year covered by this Form 10-K with respect to the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 17, 2006.
The Company maintains the 1994 Stock Incentive Plan (the “1994 Plan”) and the 1996 Non-Qualified Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”), pursuant to which common stock or other equity awards may be issued or granted to eligible persons.
The following table gives information about equity awards under the Company’s 1994 Plan and ESPP as of December 31, 2005:
                         
    (a)   (b)   (c)
                    Number of securities
                    remaining available for
    Number of securities to be   Weighted-average   future issuance under equity
    issued upon exercise of   exercise price of   compensation plans
    outstanding options,   outstanding options,   (excluding securities
Plan category   warrants and rights   warrants and rights   reflected in column (a))
 
                       
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders (1)
    2,347,908 (2) (3)   $ 51.40 (3) (4)     2,066,308 (5)
 
                       
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders (6)
    —       n/a       800,142  
     
Total
    2,347,908     $ 51.40 (3) (4)     2,866,450  
     
(1) Consists of the 1994 Plan.
(2) Includes 119,860 deferred units granted under the 1994 Plan, which, subject to vesting requirements, will convert in the future to common stock on a one-for-one basis, but does not include 241,028 shares of restricted stock that are outstanding and that are already reflected in the Company’s outstanding shares.
(3) Does not include outstanding options to acquire 26,624 shares, at a weighted-average exercise price of $37.09 per share, that were assumed, in connection with the 1998 merger of Avalon Properties, Inc. with and into the Company, under the Avalon Properties, Inc. 1995 Equity Incentive Plan and the Avalon Properties, Inc. 1993 Stock Option and Incentive Plan.

65


 

(4) Excludes deferred units granted under the 1994 Plan, which, subject to vesting requirements, will convert in the future to common stock on a one-for-one basis.
(5) The 1994 Plan incorporates an evergreen formula pursuant to which the aggregate number of shares reserved for issuance under the 1994 Plan will increase annually. On each January 1, the aggregate number of shares reserved for issuance under the 1994 Plan will increase by a number of shares equal to a percentage (ranging from 0.48% to 1.00%) of all outstanding shares of common stock at the end of the year. The exact percentage used is determined based on the percentage of all awards made under the 1994 Plan during the calendar year that were in the form of stock options with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of the grant. In accordance with this procedure, on January 1, 2006, the maximum number of shares remaining available for future issuance under the 1994 Plan was increased by 696,701 to 2,763,009.
(6) Consists of the ESPP.
The ESPP, which was adopted by the Board of Directors on October 29, 1996, has not been approved by our shareholders. A further description of the ESPP appears in Note 10, “Stock-Based Compensation Plans,” of our Consolidated Financial Statements included in this report.
ITEM 13.   CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Information pertaining to certain relationships and related transactions is incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the year covered by this Form 10-K with respect to the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 17, 2006.
ITEM 14.   PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
Information pertaining to the fees paid to and services provided by the Company’s principal accountant is incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the year covered by this Form 10-K with respect to the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 17, 2006.

66


 

PART IV
                 
ITEM 15.
  EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE
       
 
               
15(a)(1)
  Financial Statements
       
 
               
Index to Financial Statements        
 
               
Consolidated Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedule:        
 
               
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm     F-1  
 
               
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2005 and 2004     F-3  
 
               
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003     F-4  
 
               
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003     F-5  
 
               
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003     F-6  
 
               
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements     F-8  
 
               
15(a)(2)
  Financial Statement Schedule
       
 
               
Schedule III — Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation     F-33  
 
               
15(a)(3)
  Exhibits
       
 
               
The exhibits listed on the accompanying Index to Exhibits are filed as a part of this report.        

67


 

INDEX TO EXHIBITS
         
3(i).1
  —   Articles of Amendment and Restatement of Articles of Incorporation of the Company, dated as of June 4, 1998. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(i).1 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed August 14, 1998.)
 
       
3(i).2
  —   Articles of Amendment, dated as of October 2, 1998. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1(ii) to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 6, 1998.)
 
       
3(i).3
  —   Articles Supplementary, dated as of October 13, 1998, relating to the 8.70% Series H Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1 to Form 8-A of the Company filed October 14, 1998.)
 
       
3(ii).1
  —   Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company, as adopted by the Board of Directors on February 13, 2003. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(ii) to Form 10-K of the Company filed March 11, 2003.)
 
       
4.1
  —   Indenture of Avalon Properties, Inc. (hereinafter referred to as “Avalon Properties”) dated as of September 18, 1995. (Incorporated by reference to Avalon Properties’ Registration Statement on Form S-3 (33-95412), filed on August 4, 1995.)
 
       
4.2
  —   First Supplemental Indenture of Avalon Properties dated as of September 18, 1995. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Form 10-K of the Company filed March 26, 2002.)
 
       
4.3
  —   Second Supplemental Indenture of Avalon Properties dated as of December 16, 1997. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Form 10-K of the Company filed March 11, 2003.)
 
       
4.4
  —   Third Supplemental Indenture of Avalon Properties dated as of January 22, 1998. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to Form 10-K of the Company filed March 11, 2003.)
 
       
4.5
  —   Indenture, dated as of January 16, 1998, between the Company and State Street Bank and Trust Company, as Trustee. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 to Form 10-K of the Company filed March 11, 2003.)
 
       
4.6
  —   First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of January 20, 1998, between the Company and the Trustee. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.6 to Form 10-K of the Company filed March 11, 2003.)
 
       
4.7
  —   Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 7, 1998, between the Company and the Trustee. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 9, 1998.)
 
       
4.8
  —   Amended and Restated Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 10, 2000 between the Company and the Trustee, including forms of Floating Rate Note and Fixed Rate Note. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 11, 2000.)

68


 

         
4.9
  —   Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan of the Company filed September 14, 1999. (Incorporated by reference to Form S-3 of the Company, File No. 333-87063.)
 
       
4.10
  —   Amendment to the Company’s Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan filed on December 17, 1999. (Incorporated by reference to the Prospectus Supplement filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933 on December 17, 1999.)
 
       
4.11
  —   Amendment to the Company’s Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan filed on March 26, 2004. (Incorporated by reference to the Prospectus Supplement filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933 on March 26, 2004.)
 
       
10.1
  —   Amended and Restated Distribution Agreement, dated August 6, 2003, among AvalonBay Communities, Inc. (the “Company”) and the Agents, including Administrative Procedures, relating to the MTNs. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-K of the Company filed March 5, 2004.
 
       
10.2
  —   Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of AvalonBay Value Added Fund, L.P., dated as of March 16, 2005. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed May 6, 2005.)
 
       
10.3+
  —   Endorsement Split Dollar Agreements and Amendments thereto with Messrs. Blair, Naughton, Fuller, Sargeant, Horey and Meyer (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed May 6, 2005.)
 
       
10.4+
  —   Employment Agreement, dated as of July 1, 2003, between the Company and Thomas J. Sargeant. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Amendment No. 3 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 (333-103755), filed July 7, 2003.)
 
       
10.5+
  —   First Amendment to Employment Agreement between the Company and Thomas J. Sargeant, dated as of March 31, 2005. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed May 6, 2005.)
 
       
10.6+
  —   Employment Agreement, dated as of January 10, 2003, between the Company and Bryce Blair. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Form 10-K of the Company filed March 11, 2003.)
 
       
10.7+
  —   First Amendment to Employment Agreement between the Company and Bryce Blair, dated as of March 31, 2005. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed May 6, 2005.)
 
       
10.8+
  —   Employment Agreement, dated as of February 26, 2001, between the Company and Timothy J. Naughton. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Form 10-K of the Company filed March 29, 2001.)
 
       
10.9+
  —   First Amendment to Employment Agreement between the Company and Timothy J. Naughton, dated as of March 31, 2005. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed May 6, 2005.)
 
       
10.10+
  —   Employment Agreement, dated as of September 10, 2001, between the Company and Leo S. Horey. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed November 14, 2001.)

69


 

         
10.11+
  —   First Amendment to Employment Agreement between the Company and Leo S. Horey, dated as of March 31, 2005. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed May 6, 2005).
 
       
10.12+
  —   Employment Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2001, between the Company and Samuel B. Fuller. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to Form 10-K of the Company filed March 26, 2002.)
 
       
10.13+
  —   First Amendment to Employment Agreement between the Company and Samuel B. Fuller, dated as of March 31, 2005. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed May 6, 2005).
 
       
10.14+
  —   Separation Agreement between the Company and Samuel B. Fuller, dated as of April 6, 2005. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed May 6, 2005.)
 
       
10.15+
  —   Retirement Agreement, dated as of March 24, 2000, between the Company and Gilbert M. Meyer. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed May 15, 2000.)
 
       
10.16+
  —   First Amendment to Retirement Agreement between the Company and Gilbert M. Meyer, dated as of March 31, 2005. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed May 6, 2005).
 
       
10.17+
  —   Avalon Properties, Inc. 1993 Stock Option and Incentive Plan. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to Form 10-K of the Company filed March 29, 2001.)
 
       
10.18+
  —   Avalon Properties, Inc. 1995 Equity Incentive Plan. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to Form 10-K of the Company filed March 29, 2001.)
 
       
10.19+
  —   Amendment, dated May 6, 1999, to the Avalon Properties Amended and Restated 1995 Equity Incentive Plan. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed August 16, 1999.)
 
       
10.20+
  —   AvalonBay Communities, Inc. 1994 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated in full on December 8, 2004. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K of the Company filed December 14, 2004.)

70


 

         
10.21+
  —   1996 Non-Qualified Employee Stock Purchase Plan, dated June 26, 1997, as amended and restated. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to Post-effective Amendment No. 1 to Form S-8 of the Company filed June 26, 1997, File No. 333-16837.)
 
       
10.22+
  —   1996 Non-Qualified Employee Stock Purchase Plan — Plan Information Statement dated June 26, 1997. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to Form S-8 of the company, File No. 333-16837.)
 
       
10.23+
  —   Form of Indemnity Agreement between the Company and its Directors. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed November 9, 2005.)
 
       
10.24+
  —   The Company’s Officer Severance Plan. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 11, 2000.)
 
       
10.25+
  —   Form of AvalonBay Communities, Inc. Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement (1994 Stock Incentive Plan, as Amended and Restated). (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on November 4, 2004.)
 
       
10.26+
  —   Form of AvalonBay Communities, Inc. Incentive Stock Option Agreement (1994 Stock Incentive Plan, as Amended and Restated). (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on November 4, 2004.)
 
       
10.27+
  —   Form of AvalonBay Communities, Inc. Employee Stock Grant and Restricted Stock Agreement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on November 4, 2004.)
 
       
10.28+
  —   Form of AvalonBay Communities, Inc. Director Restricted Unit Agreement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on November 4, 2004.)
 
       
10.29+
  —   Form of AvalonBay Communities, Inc. Director Restricted Stock Agreement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on November 4, 2004.)
 
       
10.30
  —   Amended and Restated Revolving Loan Agreement, dated as of May 24, 2004, among the Company, as Borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank and Wachovia Bank, N.A., each as a Bank and Syndication Agent, Bank of America, successor in interest to Fleet National Bank, as a Bank, Swing Lender and Issuing Bank, Morgan Stanley Bank, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, each as a Bank and Documentation Agent, the other banks signatory thereto, each as a Bank, J.P. Morgan Securities, Inc., as Sole Bookrunner and Lead Arranger, and Bank of America, successor in interest to Fleet National Bank, as Administrative Agent. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed August 6, 2004.)
 
       
10.31+
  —   Compensation Arrangements for Directors and Named Executive Officers. (Filed herewith.)

71


 

         
10.32+
  —   February 9, 2006, Amendment to the AvalonBay Communities, Inc. 1994 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated on December 8, 2004. (Filed herewith.)
 
       
12.1
  —   Statements re: Computation of Ratios. (Filed herewith.)
 
       
21.1
  —   Schedule of Subsidiaries of the Company. (Filed herewith.)
 
       
23.1
  —   Consent of Ernst & Young LLP. (Filed herewith.)
 
       
31.1
  —   Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Chief Executive Officer). (Filed herewith.)
 
       
31.2
  —   Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Chief Financial Officer). (Filed herewith.)
 
       
32
  —   Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer). (Filed herewith.)
 
+   Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed or incorporated by reference as an exhibit to this Form 10-K pursuant to Item 154(c) of Form 10-K.

72


 

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
         
    AvalonBay Communities, Inc.
 
       
Date: March 13, 2006
  By:   /s/ Bryce Blair
 
       
 
      Bryce Blair, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
         
Date: March 13, 2006
  By:   /s/ Bryce Blair
 
       
 
      Bryce Blair, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
 
      (Principal Executive Officer)
 
       
Date: March 13, 2006
  By:   /s/ Thomas J. Sargeant 
 
       
 
      Thomas J. Sargeant, Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
 
       
Date: March 13, 2006
  By:   /s/ Bruce A. Choate 
 
       
 
      Bruce A. Choate, Director
 
       
Date: March 13, 2006
  By:   /s/ John J. Healy, Jr. 
 
       
 
      John J. Healy, Jr., Director
 
       
Date: March 13, 2006
  By:   /s/ Gilbert M. Meyer 
 
       
 
      Gilbert M. Meyer, Director
 
       
Date: March 13, 2006
  By:   /s/ Timothy J. Naughton 
 
       
 
      Timothy J. Naughton, Director
 
       
Date: March 13, 2006
  By:   /s/ Lance R. Primis 
 
       
 
      Lance R. Primis, Director
 
       
Date: March 13, 2006
  By:   /s/ H. Jay Sarles 
 
       
 
      H. Jay Sarles, Director
 
       
Date: March 13, 2006
  By:   /s/ Allan D. Schuster 
 
       
 
      Allan D. Schuster, Director
 
       
Date: March 13, 2006
  By:   /s/ Amy P. Williams 
 
       
 
      Amy P. Williams, Director

73


 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
AvalonBay Communities, Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of AvalonBay Communities, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, and the related consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2005. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a)(2). These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of AvalonBay Communities, Inc. and subsidiaries at December 31, 2005 and 2004, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2005, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects, the information set forth therein.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of AvalonBay Communities, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated March 3, 2006 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
McLean, Virginia
March 3, 2006

F-1


 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of AvalonBay Communities, Inc.:
We have audited management’s assessment, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting in Item 9a., that AvalonBay Communities, Inc. maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). AvalonBay Communities, Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on management’s assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, management’s assessment that AvalonBay Communities, Inc. maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on the COSO criteria. Also, in our opinion, AvalonBay Communities, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of AvalonBay Communities, Inc. as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, and the related consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2005, of AvalonBay Communities, Inc. and our report dated March 3, 2006 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
     
McLean, Virginia
March 3, 2006
  /s/ Ernst & Young LLP

F-2


 

AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
                 
    12-31-05     12-31-04  
 
               
ASSETS
               
Real estate:
               
Land
  $ 874,199     $ 863,867  
Buildings and improvements
    4,288,168       4,080,462  
Furniture, fixtures and equipment
    133,192       127,520  
 
           
 
    5,295,559       5,071,849  
Less accumulated depreciation
    (938,297 )     (769,459 )
 
           
Net operating real estate
    4,357,262       4,302,390  
Construction in progress, including land
    317,823       173,290  
Land held for development
    188,414       156,350  
Operating real estate assets held for sale, net
    82,289       245,795  
 
           
Total real estate, net
    4,945,788       4,877,825  
 
               
Cash and cash equivalents
    6,106       1,521  
Cash in escrow
    48,266       22,138  
Resident security deposits
    26,290       23,478  
Investments in unconsolidated real estate entities
    41,942       41,379  
Deferred financing costs, net
    17,976       21,859  
Deferred development costs
    31,467       37,007  
Prepaid expenses and other assets
    47,225       56,042  
 
           
Total assets
  $ 5,165,060     $ 5,081,249  
 
           
 
               
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Unsecured notes
  $ 1,809,182     $ 1,859,448  
Variable rate unsecured credit facility
    66,800       102,000  
Mortgage notes payable
    490,582       489,906  
Dividends payable
    54,476       52,982  
Payables for construction
    28,203       23,005  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    82,564       73,223  
Accrued interest payable
    34,649       37,254  
Resident security deposits
    35,640       33,208  
Liabilities related to real estate assets held for sale
    1,837       3,407  
 
           
Total liabilities
    2,603,933       2,674,433  
 
           
 
               
Minority interest of unitholders in consolidated partnerships
    19,464       21,525  
 
               
Commitments and contingencies
               
 
               
Stockholders’ equity:
               
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; $25 liquidation preference; 50,000,000 shares authorized at both December 31, 2005 and 2004; 4,000,000 shares issued and outstanding at both December 31, 2005 and 2004
    40       40  
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 140,000,000 shares authorized at both December 31, 2005 and 2004; 73,663,048 and 72,582,076 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively
    737       726  
Additional paid-in capital
    2,442,528       2,389,511  
Deferred compensation
    (12,960 )     (8,659 )
Accumulated earnings less dividends
    115,788       10,769  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (4,470 )     (7,096 )
 
           
Total stockholders’ equity
    2,541,663       2,385,291  
 
           
 
               
 
           
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 5,165,060     $ 5,081,249  
 
           
See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

F-3


 

AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
                         
    For the year ended  
    12-31-05     12-31-04     12-31-03  
Revenue:
                       
Rental and other income
  $ 666,376     $ 613,240     $ 556,582  
Management, development and other fees
    4,304       604       931  
 
                 
Total revenue
    670,680       613,844       557,513  
 
                 
 
                       
Expenses:
                       
Operating expenses, excluding property taxes
    191,558       181,351       164,253  
Property taxes
    65,487       59,458       53,257  
Interest expense, net
    127,099       131,103       130,178  
Depreciation expense
    158,822       151,991       138,725  
General and administrative expense
    25,761       18,074       14,830  
 
                 
Total expenses
    568,727       541,977       501,243  
 
                 
 
                       
Equity in income of unconsolidated entities
    7,198       1,100       25,535  
Venture partner interest in profit-sharing
    —       (1,178 )     (1,688 )
Minority interest in consolidated partnerships
    (1,481 )     (150 )     (950 )
 
                 
 
                       
Income from continuing operations before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    107,670       71,639       79,167  
 
                 
 
                       
Discontinued operations:
                       
Income from discontinued operations
    14,942       21,134       31,368  
Gain on sale of real estate assets
    199,766       122,425       160,990  
 
                 
Total discontinued operations
    214,708       143,559       192,358  
 
                 
 
                       
Income before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    322,378       215,198       271,525  
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    —       4,547       —  
 
                 
 
                       
Net income
    322,378       219,745       271,525  
Dividends attributable to preferred stock
    (8,700 )     (8,700 )     (10,744 )
 
                 
 
                       
Net income available to common stockholders
  $ 313,678     $ 211,045     $ 260,781  
 
                 
 
                       
Other comprehensive income:
                       
Unrealized gain on cash flow hedges
    2,626       1,116       4,428  
 
                 
Comprehensive income
  $ 316,304     $ 212,161     $ 265,209  
 
                 
 
                       
Earnings per common share — basic:
                       
Income from continuing operations (net of dividends attributable to preferred stock)
  $ 1.36     $ 0.94     $ 1.00  
Discontinued operations
    2.94       2.01       2.80  
 
                 
Net income available to common stockholders
  $ 4.30     $ 2.95     $ 3.80  
 
                 
 
                       
Earnings per common share — diluted:
                       
Income from continuing operations (net of dividends attributable to preferred stock)
  $ 1.34     $ 0.94     $ 0.99  
Discontinued operations
    2.87       1.98       2.74  
 
                 
Net income available to common stockholders
  $ 4.21     $ 2.92     $ 3.73  
 
                 
See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

F-4


 

AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Dollars in thousands)
                                                                         
    Shares issued                                     Accumulated     Accumulated        
                                    Additional             earnings     other        
    Preferred     Common     Preferred     Common     paid-in     Deferred     less     comprehensive     Stockholders'  
    stock     stock     stock     stock     capital     compensation     dividends     loss     equity  
 
                                                                       
Balance at December 31, 2002
    7,267,700       68,202,926     $ 73     $ 682     $ 2,273,668     $ (7,855 )   $ (59,388 )   $ (12,640 )   $ 2,194,540  
Net income
    —       —       —       —       —       —       271,525       —       271,525  
Unrealized gain on cash flow hedges
    —       —       —       —       —       —       —       4,428       4,428  
Dividends declared to common and preferred stockholders
    —       —       —       —       —       —       (202,694 )     —       (202,694 )
Issuance of common stock, net of withholdings
    —       3,833,600       —       38       162,674       (1,383 )     (114 )     —       161,215  
Issuance of stock options
    —       —       —       —       754       (754 )     —       —       —  
Repurchase of common stock, including repurchase costs
    —       (1,099,000 )     —       (11 )     (32,841 )     —       (7,025 )     —       (39,877 )
Issuance of preferred stock, net of issuance costs
    3,336,611       —       33       —       81,704       —       —       —       81,737  
Redemption of preferred stock
    (6,604,311 )     —       (66 )     —       (163,378 )     —       (280 )     —       (163,724 )
Amortization of deferred compensation
    —       —       —       —       —       4,184       —       —       4,184  
 
                                                     
 
                                                                       
Balance at December 31, 2003
    4,000,000       70,937,526       40       709       2,322,581       (5,808 )     2,024       (8,212 )     2,311,334  
Net income
    —       —       —       —       —       —       219,745       —       219,745  
Unrealized gain on cash flow hedges
    —       —       —       —       —       —       —       1,116       1,116  
Dividends declared to common and preferred stockholders
    —       —       —       —       —       —       (210,338 )     —       (210,338 )
Issuance of common stock, net of withholdings
    —       1,644,550       —       17       64,849       (5,702 )     (662 )     —       58,502  
Issuance of stock options
    —       —       —       —       2,081       (2,081 )     —       —       —  
Amortization of deferred compensation
    —       —       —       —       —       4,932       —       —       4,932  
 
                                                     
 
                                                                       
Balance at December 31, 2004
    4,000,000       72,582,076       40       726       2,389,511       (8,659 )     10,769       (7,096 )     2,385,291  
Net income
    —       —       —       —       —       —       322,378       —       322,378  
Unrealized gain on cash flow hedges
    —       —       —       —       —       —       —       2,626       2,626  
Dividends declared to common and preferred stockholders
    —       —       —       —       —       —       (216,982 )     —       (216,982 )
Issuance of common stock, net of withholdings
    —       1,080,972       —       11       48,496       (8,118 )     (377 )     —       40,012  
Issuance of stock options
    —       —       —       —       4,521       (4,521 )     —       —       —  
Amortization of deferred compensation
    —       —       —       —       —       8,338       —       —       8,338  
 
                                                     
 
                                                                       
Balance at December 31, 2005
    4,000,000       73,663,048     $ 40     $ 737     $ 2,442,528     $ (12,960 )   $ 115,788     $ (4,470 )   $ 2,541,663  
 
                                                     
See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

F-5


 

AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)
                         
    For the year ended  
    12-31-05     12-31-04     12-31-03  
Cash flows from operating activities:
                       
Net income
  $ 322,378     $ 219,745     $ 271,525  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:
                       
Depreciation expense
    158,822       151,991       138,725  
Depreciation expense from discontinued operations
    3,241       10,676       15,071  
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt premium/discount
    4,022       3,962       3,850  
Amortization of deferred compensation
    8,338       4,932       4,184  
Income allocated to minority interest in consolidated partnerships including discontinued operations
    1,481       187       1,388  
Income allocated to venture partner interest in profit-sharing
    —       1,178       1,688  
Gain on sale of real estate assets
    (199,766 )     (122,425 )     (160,990 )
Gain on sale of technology investment
    (6,252 )     —       —  
Gain on sale of joint venture community
    —       —       (23,448 )
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    —       (4,547 )     —  
Increase in cash in operating escrows
    (4,344 )     (1,451 )     (557 )
Decrease (increase) in resident security deposits, prepaid expenses and other assets
    8,938       (10,589 )     (7,025 )
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses, other liabilities and accrued interest payable
    9,781       21,958       (4,734 )
 
                 
Net cash provided by operating activities
    306,639       275,617       239,677  
 
                 
 
                       
Cash flows from investing activities:
                       
Development/redevelopment of real estate assets including land acquisitions and deferred development costs
    (382,871 )     (355,938 )     (357,520 )
Acquisition of real estate assets, including partner equity interest
    (57,415 )     (128,238 )     —  
Capital expenditures — existing real estate assets
    (17,570 )     (12,984 )     (11,593 )
Capital expenditures — non-real estate assets
    (1,520 )     (860 )     (274 )
Proceeds from sale of communities and technology investment, including reimbursement for Fund communities, net of selling costs
    469,737       219,649       403,118  
Increase (decrease) in payables for construction
    5,198       (3,962 )     (331 )
Decrease (increase) in cash in construction escrows
    (21,784 )     201       (1,040 )
Repayment of participating mortgage note, including interest and prepayment premium
    —       34,846       —  
Decrease (increase) in investments in unconsolidated real estate entities
    (13,536 )     (4,397 )     1,575  
 
                 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    (19,761 )     (251,683 )     33,935  
 
                 
 
                       
Cash flows from financing activities:
                       
Issuance of common stock
    36,611       54,031       146,934  
Repurchase of common stock
    —       —       (39,877 )
Issuance of preferred stock, net of related costs
    —       —       81,737  
Redemption of preferred stock and related costs
    —       —       (163,724 )
Dividends paid
    (215,391 )     (209,095 )     (202,416 )
Net borrowings (repayments) under unsecured credit facility
    (35,200 )     50,900       22,130  
Issuance of mortgage notes payable and draws on construction loans
    26,269       105,843       38,829  
Repayments of mortgage notes payable
    (41,932 )     (40,270 )     (4,582 )
Issuance (repayment) of unsecured notes
    (50,000 )     25,000       (150,000 )
Payment of deferred financing costs
    (1,292 )     (9,318 )     (1,477 )
Redemption of units for cash by minority partners
    (50 )     (1,691 )     (600 )
Distributions to DownREIT partnership unitholders
    (1,194 )     (1,425 )     (2,152 )
Distributions to joint venture and profit-sharing partners
    (114 )     (3,446 )     (4,267 )
 
                 
Net cash used in financing activities
    (282,293 )     (29,471 )     (279,465 )
 
                 
 
                       
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    4,585       (5,537 )     (5,853 )
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
    1,521       7,058       12,911  
 
                 
 
                       
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year
  $ 6,106     $ 1,521     $ 7,058  
 
                 
 
                       
Cash paid during year for interest, net of amount capitalized
  $ 121,526     $ 124,895     $ 131,266  
 
                 
See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

F-6


 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (continued)
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities (dollars in thousands):
During the year ended December 31, 2005:
  •   As described in Note 4, “Stockholders’ Equity,” 165,790 shares of common stock were issued in connection with stock grants, 1,295 shares were issued through the Company’s dividend reinvestment plan, 8,971 shares were issued to a member of the Board of Directors in fulfillment of a deferred stock award, 50,916 shares were withheld to satisfy employees’ tax withholding and other liabilities and 9,965 shares were forfeited, for a net value of $9,317. In addition, the Company granted 696,484 options for common stock, net of forfeitures, at a value of $4,521.
  •   49,263 units of limited partnership, valued at $2,202, were presented for redemption to the DownREIT partnerships that issued such units and were acquired by the Company in exchange for an equal number of shares of the Company’s common stock.
  •   The Company deconsolidated mortgage notes payable in the aggregate amount of $24,869 upon admittance of outside investors into the Fund (as defined in Note 6, “Investments in Unconsolidated Entities”).
  •   The Company assumed fixed rate debt of $4,566 as part of the acquisition of an improved land parcel.
  •   The Company recorded a decrease to other liabilities and a corresponding gain to other comprehensive income of $2,626 to adjust the Company’s Hedged Derivatives (as defined in Note 5, “Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities”) to their fair value.
  •   Common and preferred dividends declared but not paid totaled $54,476.
During the year ended December 31, 2004:
  •   147,517 shares of common stock were issued in connection with stock grants, 78,509 shares were issued in connection with non-cash stock option exercises, 1,545 shares were issued through the Company’s dividend reinvestment plan, 75,515 shares were withheld to satisfy employees’ tax withholding and other liabilities and 3,012 shares were forfeited, for a net value of $6,138. In addition, the Company granted 465,232 options for common stock, net of forfeitures, at a value of $2,081.
  •   104,160 units of limited partnership, valued at $4,035, were presented for redemption to the DownREIT partnerships that issued such units and were acquired by the Company in exchange for an equal number of shares of the Company’s common stock.
  •   The Company sold two communities with mortgage notes payable of $28,335 in the aggregate, that were assumed by the respective buyers as part of the total sales price.
  •   The Company assumed fixed rate debt of $8,155 in connection with the acquisition of a community and $20,141 in connection with the acquisition of three improved land parcels.
  •   The Company recorded a decrease to other liabilities and a corresponding gain to other comprehensive income of $1,116 to adjust the Company’s Hedged Derivatives to their fair value.
  •   Common and preferred dividends declared but not paid totaled $52,982.
During the year ended December 31, 2003:
  •   114,895 shares of common stock were issued in connection with stock grants, 37,124 shares were withheld to satisfy employees’ tax withholding and other liabilities and 12,102 shares were forfeited, for a net value of $2,419. In addition, the Company granted 268,101 options for common stock, net of forfeitures, at a value of $754.
  •   328,731 units of limited partnership, valued at $13,245, were presented for redemption to the DownREIT partnerships that issued such units and were acquired by the Company in exchange for an equal number of shares of the Company’s common stock.
  •   The Company sold two communities that were subject to mortgage notes payable of $39,665 in the aggregate, that were assumed by the buyers as part of the total sales price. $260 of deferred stock units were converted into 6,989 shares of common stock.
  •   The Company recorded a decrease to other liabilities and a corresponding gain to other comprehensive income of $4,428 to adjust the Company’s Hedged Derivatives to their fair value.
  •   Common and preferred dividends declared but not paid totaled $51,831.

F-7


 

AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
1. Organization and Significant Accounting Policies
Organization
AvalonBay Communities, Inc. (the “Company,” which term, unless the context otherwise requires, refers to AvalonBay Communities, Inc. together with its subsidiaries) is a Maryland corporation that has elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. The Company focuses on the development, ownership and operation of apartment communities in high barrier-to-entry markets of the United States. These markets are located in the Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, Midwest, Pacific Northwest, and Northern and Southern California regions of the country.
At December 31, 2005, the Company owned or held a direct or indirect ownership interest in 143 operating apartment communities containing 41,412 apartment homes in ten states and the District of Columbia, of which two communities containing 506 apartment homes were under reconstruction. In addition, the Company owned or held a direct or indirect ownership interest in 15 communities under construction that are expected to contain an aggregate of 4,062 apartment homes when completed. The Company also owned or held a direct or indirect ownership interest in rights to develop an additional 47 communities that, if developed in the manner expected, will contain an estimated 12,495 apartment homes.
Principles of Consolidation
The Company is the surviving corporation from the merger (the “Merger”) of Bay Apartment Communities, Inc. (“Bay”) and Avalon Properties, Inc. (“Avalon”) on June 4, 1998, in which Avalon shareholders received 0.7683 of a share of common stock of the Company for each share owned of Avalon common stock. The Merger was accounted for under the purchase method of accounting, with the historical financial statements for Avalon presented prior to the Merger. At that time, Avalon ceased to legally exist, and Bay as the surviving legal entity adopted the historical financial statements of Avalon. Consequently, Bay’s assets were recorded in the historical financial statements of Avalon at an amount equal to Bay’s debt outstanding at that time plus the value of capital stock retained by the Bay stockholders, which approximates fair value. In connection with the Merger, the Company changed its name from Bay Apartment Communities, Inc. to AvalonBay Communities, Inc.
The Company assesses consolidation of variable interest entities under the guidance of FASB Interpretation No. 46 (“FIN 46”), “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation of ARB No. 51,” as revised in December 2003. The Company accounts for joint venture partnerships and subsidiary partnerships structured as DownREITs that are not variable interest entities in accordance with Statement of Position (“SOP”) 78-9, “Accounting for Investments in Real Estate Ventures.” Under SOP 78-9, the Company consolidates joint venture and DownREIT partnerships when the Company controls the major operating and financial policies of the partnership through majority ownership or in its capacity as general partner. The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned partnerships, certain joint venture partnerships, subsidiary partnerships structured as DownREITs and any variable interest entities consolidated under FIN 46. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
In each of the partnerships structured as DownREITs, either the Company or one of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries is the general partner, and there are one or more limited partners whose interest in the partnership is represented by units of limited partnership interest. For each DownREIT partnership, limited partners are entitled to receive an initial distribution before any distribution is made to the general partner. Although the partnership agreements for each of the DownREITs are different, generally the distributions per unit paid to the holders of units of limited partnership interests have approximated the Company’s current common stock dividend per share. Each DownREIT partnership has been structured so that it is unlikely the limited partners will be entitled to a distribution greater than the initial distribution provided for in the partnership agreement. The holders of units of limited partnership interest have the right to present all or some of their units for redemption for a cash amount as determined by the

F-8


 

applicable partnership agreement and based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock. In lieu of a cash redemption, the Company may elect to acquire such units for an equal number of shares of the Company’s common stock.
The Company accounts for investments in unconsolidated entities that are not variable interest entities in accordance with SOP 78-9 and Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 18, “The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock.” The Company uses the equity method to account for these investments when it owns greater than 20% of the equity value or has significant and influence over that entity. Investments in which the Company owns 20% or less of the equity value and does not have significant influence are accounted for using the cost method. If there is an event or change in circumstance that indicates a loss in the value of an investment, the Company’s policy is to record the loss and reduce the value of the investment to its fair value. A loss in value would be indicated if the Company could not recover the carrying value of the investment or if the investee could not sustain an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. During the year ended December 31, 2004, the Company recorded an impairment loss of $1,002 related to a technology investment, which is included in operating expenses, excluding property taxes on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive Income. The Company did not recognize an impairment loss on any of its investments in unconsolidated entities during the years ended December 31, 2005 or 2003.
Revenue Recognition
Rental income related to leases is recognized on an accrual basis when due from residents in accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, “Revenue Recognition” and Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 13, “Accounting for Leases.” In accordance with the Company’s standard lease terms, rental payments are generally due on a monthly basis. Any cash concessions given at the inception of the lease are amortized over the approximate life of the lease, which is generally one year.
Real Estate
Significant expenditures which improve or extend the life of an asset are capitalized. The operating real estate assets are stated at cost and consist of land, buildings and improvements, furniture, fixtures and equipment, and other costs incurred during their development, redevelopment and acquisition. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred.
The Company’s policy with respect to capital expenditures is generally to capitalize only non-recurring expenditures. Improvements and upgrades are capitalized only if the item exceeds $15, extends the useful life of the asset and is not related to making an apartment home ready for the next resident. Purchases of personal property, such as computers and furniture, are capitalized only if the item is a new addition and exceeds $2.5. The Company generally expenses purchases of personal property made for replacement purposes.
The capitalization of costs during the development of assets (including interest and related loan fees, property taxes and other direct and indirect costs) begins when development efforts commence and ends when the asset, or a portion of an asset, is delivered and is ready for its intended use, which is generally indicated by the issuance of a certificate of occupancy. Cost capitalization during redevelopment of apartment homes (including interest and related loan fees, property taxes and other direct and indirect costs) begins when an apartment home is taken out-of-service for redevelopment and ends when the apartment home redevelopment is completed and the apartment home is available for a new resident. Rental income and operating costs incurred during the initial lease-up or post-redevelopment lease-up period are fully recognized as they accrue.
In accordance with SFAS No. 67, “Accounting for Costs and Initial Rental Operations of Real Estate Projects,” the Company capitalizes pre-development costs incurred in pursuit of new development opportunities for which the Company currently believes future development is probable (“Development Rights”). Future development of these Development Rights is dependent upon various factors, including zoning and regulatory approval, rental market conditions, construction costs and availability of capital. Pre-development costs incurred in the pursuit of Development Rights for which future development is not yet considered probable are expensed as incurred. In addition, if the status of a Development Right changes, deeming future development no longer probable, any capitalized pre-development costs are written-off with a charge to expense. The Company expensed costs related to abandoned pursuits, which includes the abandonment or impairment of Development Rights, acquisition pursuits,

F-9


 

disposition pursuits and technology investments, in the amounts of $816, $1,726 and $1,180 for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. These costs are included in operating expenses, excluding property taxes on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive Income.
The Company owns land improved with office buildings and industrial space occupied by unrelated third-parties in connection with five Development Rights. The Company intends to manage the current improvements until such time as all tenant obligations have been satisfied or eliminated through negotiation, and construction of new apartment communities is ready to begin. As provided under the guidance of SFAS No. 67, the revenue from incidental operations received from the current improvements in excess of any incremental costs are being recorded as a reduction of total capitalized costs of the Development Right and not as part of net income.
In connection with the acquisition of an operating community, the Company performs a valuation and allocation to each asset and liability acquired in such transaction, based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition in accordance with SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations.” The purchase price allocations to tangible assets, such as land, buildings and improvements, and furniture, fixtures and equipment, are reflected in real estate assets and depreciated over their estimated useful lives. Any purchase price allocation to intangible assets, such as in-place leases, is included in prepaid expenses and other assets and amortized over the average remaining lease term of the acquired leases. The fair value of acquired in-place leases is determined based on the estimated cost to replace such leases, including foregone rents during an assumed re-lease period, as well as the impact on projected cash flow of acquired leases with leased rents above or below current market rents.
Depreciation is calculated on buildings and improvements using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, which range from seven to thirty years. Furniture, fixtures and equipment are generally depreciated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, which range from three years (primarily computer-related equipment) to seven years.
If there is an event or change in circumstance that indicates an impairment in the value of an operating community, the Company’s policy is to assess any impairment in value by making a comparison of the current and projected operating cash flow of the community over its remaining useful life, on an undiscounted basis, to the carrying amount of the community. If the carrying amount is in excess of the estimated projected operating cash flow of the community, the Company would recognize an impairment loss equivalent to an amount required to adjust the carrying amount to its estimated fair market value. The Company has not recognized an impairment loss on any of its operating communities during the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 or 2003.
Income Taxes
The Company elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, for the year ended December 31, 1994 and has not revoked such election. A corporate REIT is a legal entity which holds real estate interests and must meet a number of organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that it currently distribute at least 90% of its adjusted taxable income to stockholders. As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to corporate level federal income tax on taxable income it distributes currently to its stockholders. Management believes that all such conditions for the avoidance of income taxes have been met for the periods presented. Accordingly, no provision for federal and state income taxes has been made. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, it will be subject to federal income taxes at regular corporate rates (including any applicable alternative minimum tax) and may not be able to qualify as a REIT for four subsequent taxable years. Even if the Company qualifies for taxation as a REIT, the Company may be subject to certain state and local taxes on its income and property, and to federal income and excise taxes on its undistributed taxable income. In addition, taxable income from non-REIT activities managed through taxable REIT subsidiaries is subject to federal, state and local income taxes.

F-10


 

The following reconciles net income available to common stockholders to taxable net income for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003:
                         
    2005     2004     2003  
    Estimate     Actual     Actual  
 
                       
Net income available to common stockholders
  $ 313,678     $ 211,045     $ 260,781  
Dividends attributable to preferred stock, not deductible for tax
    8,700       8,700       10,744  
GAAP gain on sale of communities less than (in excess of) tax gain
    (2,482 )     8,305       (3,795 )
Depreciation/Amortization timing differences on real estate
    (3,861 )     (3,793 )     (5,574 )
Tax compensation expense in excess of GAAP
    (18,969 )     (19,758 )     (4,254 )
Other adjustments
    (2,021 )     (9,835 )     (9,190 )
 
                 
Taxable net income
  $ 295,045     $ 194,664     $ 248,712  
 
                 
The following summarizes the tax components of the Company’s common and preferred dividends declared for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003:
                         
    2005     2004     2003  
 
                       
Ordinary income
    9%       39%       11%  
20% capital gain
    —       —       15%  
15% capital gain
    77%       51%       56%
Unrecaptured §1250 gain
    14%       10%       18%
Deferred Financing Costs
Deferred financing costs include fees and costs incurred to obtain debt financing and are amortized on a straight-line basis, which approximates the effective interest method, over the shorter of the term of the loan or the related credit enhancement facility, if applicable. Unamortized financing costs are written-off when debt is retired before the maturity date. Accumulated amortization of deferred financing costs was $16,074 at December 31, 2005 and $12,966 at December 31, 2004.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Cash in Escrow
Cash and cash equivalents include all cash and liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less from the date acquired. The majority of the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and cash in escrows is held at major commercial banks.
Interest Rate Contracts
The Company utilizes derivative financial instruments to manage interest rate risk and has designated these financial instruments as hedges under the guidance of SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” and SFAS No. 138, “Accounting for Certain Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities, an Amendment of Statement No. 133.” For fair value hedge transactions, changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument and changes in the fair value of the hedged item due to the risk being hedged are recognized in current period earnings. For cash flow hedge transactions, changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument are reported in other comprehensive income. For cash flow hedges where the changes in the fair value of the derivative exceed the change in fair value of the hedged item, the ineffective portion is recognized in current period earnings. Derivatives which are not part of a hedge relationship are recorded at fair value through earnings. As of December 31, 2005 and 2004, the Company had approximately $233,000 and $236,000, respectively, in variable rate debt subject to cash flow hedges. See Note 5, “Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.”

F-11


 

Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive Income, as reflected on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive Income, is defined as all changes in equity during each period except for those resulting from investments by or distributions to shareholders. Accumulated other comprehensive loss as reflected on the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity reflects the changes in the fair value of effective cash flow hedges.
Earnings per Common Share
In accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 128, “Earnings per Share,” basic earnings per share is computed by dividing earnings available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. Other potentially dilutive common shares, and the related impact to earnings, are considered when calculating earnings per share on a diluted basis. The Company’s earnings per common share are determined as follows:
                         
    For the year ended        
    12-31-05     12-31-04     12-31-03  
Basic and diluted shares outstanding
                       
Weighted average common shares — basic
    72,952,492       71,564,202       68,559,657  
Weighted average DownREIT units outstanding
    474,440       573,529       893,279  
Effect of dilutive securities
    1,332,386       1,217,225       750,531  
 
                 
Weighted average common shares — diluted
    74,759,318       73,354,956       70,203,467  
 
                 
Calculation of Earnings per Share — basic
                       
Net income available to common stockholders
  $ 313,678     $ 211,045     $ 260,781  
 
                 
Weighted average common shares — basic
    72,952,492       71,564,202       68,559,657  
 
                 
Earnings per common share — basic
  $ 4.30     $ 2.95     $ 3.80  
 
                 
Calculation of Earnings per Share — diluted
                       
Net income available to common stockholders
  $ 313,678     $ 211,045     $ 260,781  
Add: Minority interest of DownREIT unitholders
                       
in consolidated partnerships, including discontinued operations
    1,363       3,048       1,263  
 
                 
Adjusted net income available to common stockholders
  $ 315,041     $ 214,093     $ 262,044  
 
                 
Weighted average common shares — diluted
    74,759,318       73,354,956       70,203,467  
 
                 
Earnings per common share — diluted
  $ 4.21     $ 2.92     $ 3.73  
 
                 
Certain options to purchase shares of common stock in the amounts of 4,500, 6,000 and 1,348,738 were outstanding during the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively, but were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the options’ exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common shares for the period and therefore, are anti-dilutive.
Stock-Based Compensation
Effective January 1, 2003, the Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” as amended by SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation — Transition and Disclosure — an amendment of FASB Statement No. 123,” prospectively to all employee awards granted, modified, or settled on or after January 1, 2003. Awards under the Company’s stock option plans vest over periods ranging from one to three years. Therefore, the cost related to stock-based employee compensation for employee stock options included in the determination of net income for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 is less than that which would have been recognized if the fair value based method had been applied to all awards since the original effective date of SFAS No. 123. The Company will adopt the provisions of SFAS 123(R), “Share Based Payment,” using the modified prospective transition method on January 1, 2006. The Company does not expect the adoption of SFAS 123(R) to have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations. However, the adoption of SFAS 123(R) will change the service period for, and timing of, the recognition of compensation cost related to retirement eligibility, which will generally result in accelerated expense recognition by the Company for its stock based compensation programs. The Company currently records compensation cost over the vesting period, regardless of eligibility for retirement (see Note 8, “Commitments and Contigencies,” for a discussion of the Company’s retirement plan). If the Company had recorded compensation cost based on retirement eligibility, the increase to compensation cost during the year ended December 31, 2005 would not have been material.

F-12


 

The following table illustrates the effect on net income available to common stockholders and earnings per share if the fair value based method had been applied to all outstanding and unvested awards in each period based on the fair market value as determined on the date of grant:
                                 
            For the year ended        
            12-31-05     12-31-04     12-31-03  
Net income available to common stockholders, as reported   $ 313,678     $ 211,045     $ 260,781  
Add:   Actual compensation expense recorded under fair value based method, net of related tax effects     2,133       867       246  
Deduct:   Total compensation expense determined under fair value based method, net of related tax effects     (2,245 )     (1,834 )     (2,335 )
 
                         
    Pro forma net income available to common stockholders   $ 313,566     $ 210,078     $ 258,692  
 
                         
    Earnings per share:                        
 
      Basic — as reported   $ 4.30     $ 2.95     $ 3.80  
 
                         
 
      Basic — pro forma   $ 4.30     $ 2.94     $ 3.77  
 
                         
 
      Diluted — as reported   $ 4.21     $ 2.92     $ 3.73  
 
                         
 
      Diluted — pro forma   $ 4.21     $ 2.91     $ 3.70  
 
                         
Variable Interest Entities under FIN 46
The Company adopted the final provisions of FIN 46 as of January 1, 2004, which resulted in the consolidation of one entity during 2004 from which the Company held a participating mortgage note. As a result, the Company recognized a cumulative effect of change in accounting principle in January 2004 in the amount of $4,547, which increased earnings per common share — diluted by $0.06. The Company did not hold an equity interest in this entity, and therefore 100% of the entity’s net income or loss was recognized by the Company as minority interest in consolidated partnerships on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive Income. In October 2004, the Company received payment in full of the outstanding mortgage note. Upon note repayment, the Company did not continue to hold a variable interest in this entity and therefore the Company discontinued consolidating the entity under the provisions of FIN 46. Related interest income for the year ended December 31, 2003 of $3,168 is included in interest expense, net, in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive Income. Related interest income in the year ended December 31, 2004 has been eliminated in consolidation.
Discontinued Operations
The Company follows SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets” which requires that the assets and liabilities and the results of operations of any communities which have been sold, or otherwise qualify as held for sale, be presented as discontinued operations in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements in both current and prior years presented. The community specific components of net income that are presented as discontinued operations include net operating income, depreciation expense, minority interest expense and interest expense. In addition, the net gain or loss (including any impairment loss) on the eventual disposal of communities held for sale will be presented as discontinued operations when recognized. A change in presentation for discontinued operations will not have any impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations. Real estate assets held for sale are measured at the lower of the carrying amount or the fair value less the cost to sell, and are presented separately in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Subsequent to classification of a community as held for sale, no further depreciation is recorded.

F-13


 

Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In June 2005, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ratified the consensus in EITF Issue No. 04-5, “Determining Whether a General Partner, or the General Partners as a Group, Controls a Limited Partnership or Similar Entity When the Limited Partners Have Certain Rights,” which provides guidance in determining whether a general partner controls a limited partnership. EITF Issue No. 04-5 states that the general partner in a limited partnership is presumed to control that limited partnership. That presumption may be overcome if the limited partners have either (i) the substantive ability, either by a single limited partner or through a simple majority vote, to dissolve the limited partnership or otherwise remove the general partner without cause or (ii) substantive participating rights. The Company adopted EITF Issue No. 04-5 on June 29, 2005 for all new limited partnerships formed or existing limited partnerships that were modified after June 29, 2005 and will adopt EITF Issue No. 04-5 on January 1, 2006 for other existing limited partnerships. The Company does not expect the final adoption of EITF Issue No. 04-5 to have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.
In October 2005, the FASB issued Staff Position (“FSP”) 13-1, “Accounting for Rental Costs Incurred During a Construction Period,” which addresses the accounting for rental costs incurred during and after construction. FSP 13-1 is applicable for all reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2005 and concludes that rental costs incurred during and after a construction period are for the right to control the use of a leased asset during and after construction of a lessee asset. There is no distinction between the right to use that asset after the construction period. Therefore, rental costs associated with ground or building operating leases that are incurred during a construction period shall be recognized as rental expense. However, the capitalization of rental costs as allowed under the guidance of SFAS No. 67 is still appropriate and applicable. As such, the adoption of FSP 13-1 will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the United States requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to amounts in prior years’ financial statements to conform with current year presentations.
2. Interest Capitalized
Capitalized interest associated with communities under development or redevelopment totaled $25,284, $20,566 and $24,709 for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.

F-14


 

3. Notes Payable, Unsecured Notes and Credit Facility
The Company’s mortgage notes payable, unsecured notes and variable rate unsecured credit facility as of December 31, 2005 and 2004 are summarized as follows:
                 
    12-31-05     12-31-04  
Fixed rate unsecured notes (1)
  $ 1,809,182     $ 1,859,448  
Fixed rate mortgage notes payable — conventional and tax-exempt
    239,025       263,669  
Variable rate mortgage notes payable — conventional and tax-exempt
    219,010       219,959  
 
           
Total notes payable and unsecured notes
    2,267,217       2,343,076  
Variable rate secured short-term debt
    32,547       6,278  
Variable rate unsecured credit facility
    66,800       102,000  
 
           
Total mortgage notes payable, unsecured notes and unsecured credit facility
  $ 2,366,564     $ 2,451,354  
 
           
(1)   Balances at December 31, 2005 and 2004 include $818 and $552 of debt discount, respectively, from issuance of unsecured notes.
 
The following debt activity occurred during the year ended December 31, 2005:
  •   The Company repaid $150,000 in previously issued unsecured notes in January 2005, along with any unpaid interest, pursuant to their scheduled maturity. No prepayment penalty was incurred;
  •   The Company issued $100,000 in unsecured notes in March 2005 under its existing shelf registration statement at an annual effective interest rate of 4.999%. Interest on these notes is payable semi-annually on March 15 and September 15, and they mature in March 2013;
  •   In connection with the admittance of outside investors into the Fund (as defined in Note 6, “Investments in Unconsolidated Entities”), the Company deconsolidated the assets and liabilities of four communities owned by the Fund including $24,869 in fixed rate mortgage debt secured by two of the communities;
  •   The Company made a payment in the amount of $36,142 to the third-party lender of a joint venture entity that was unconsolidated at December 31, 2004 but was consolidated in March 2005 upon acquisition of the 75% equity interest of the third-party partner; and
  •   The Company assumed $4,566 in fixed rate debt in connection with the acquisition of a parcel of improved land.
In the aggregate, secured notes payable mature at various dates from September 2007 through April 2043 and are secured by certain apartment communities (with a net carrying value of $689,624 as of December 31, 2005). As of December 31, 2005, the Company has guaranteed approximately $100,844 of mortgage notes payable held by wholly-owned subsidiaries; all such mortgage notes payable are consolidated for financial reporting purposes. The weighted average interest rate of the Company’s fixed rate mortgage notes payable (conventional and tax-exempt) was 6.8% at December 31, 2005 and 6.7% at December 31, 2004. The weighted average interest rate of the Company’s variable rate mortgage notes payable and its unsecured credit facility (as discussed on the following page), including the effect of certain financing related fees, was 5.5% at December 31, 2005 and 3.8% at December 31, 2004.

F-15


 

Scheduled payments and maturities of mortgage notes payable and unsecured notes outstanding at December 31, 2005 are as follows:
                                 
                            Stated  
    Secured notes     Secured notes     Unsecured notes     interest rate of  
Year   payments     maturities     maturities     unsecured notes  
2006
  $ 6,987     $ —       150,000       6.800 %
2007
    6,741       32,547       110,000       6.875 %
 
                    150,000       5.000 %
2008
    7,155       4,356       50,000       6.625 %
 
                    150,000       8.250 %
2009
    6,141       73,784       150,000       7.500 %
2010
    4,271       28,989       200,000       7.500 %
2011
    4,095       7,204       300,000       6.625 %
 
                    50,000       6.625 %
2012
    3,570       12,096       250,000       6.125 %
2013
    3,513       —       100,000       4.950 %
2014
    3,754       33,100       150,000       5.375 %
2015
    4,012       —       —       —  
Thereafter
    70,678       177,589       —       —  
 
                         
 
  $ 120,917     $ 369,665     $ 1,810,000          
 
                         
The Company’s unsecured notes contain a number of financial and other covenants with which the Company must comply, including, but not limited to, limits on the aggregate amount of total and secured indebtedness the Company may have on a consolidated basis and limits on the Company’s required debt service payments.
The Company has a $500,000 revolving variable rate unsecured credit facility with JPMorgan Chase Bank and Wachovia Bank, N.A. serving as banks and syndication agents for a syndicate of commercial banks and Bank of America, serving as bank and administrative agent. The Company had $66,800 outstanding under the facility and $40,154 in letters of credit on December 31, 2005 and $102,000 outstanding under the facility and $26,580 in letters of credit on December 31, 2004. Under the terms of the credit facility, the Company may elect to increase the facility by up to an additional $150,000, provided that one or more banks (from the syndicate or otherwise) voluntarily agree to provide the additional commitment. No member of the syndicate of banks can prohibit such increase; such an increase in the facility will only be effective to the extent banks (from the syndicate or otherwise) choose to commit to lend additional funds. The Company pays participating banks, in the aggregate, an annual facility fee of approximately $750. The unsecured credit facility bears interest at varying levels based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), rating levels achieved on the Company’s unsecured notes and on a maturity schedule selected by the Company. The current stated pricing is LIBOR plus 0.55% per annum (5.94% on December 31, 2005). The spread over LIBOR can vary from LIBOR plus 0.50% to LIBOR plus 1.15% based upon the rating of the Company’s long-term unsecured debt. In addition, the unsecured credit facility includes a competitive bid option, which allows banks that are part of the lender consortium to bid to make loans to the Company at a rate that is lower than the stated rate provided by the unsecured credit facility for up to $250,000. The competitive bid option may result in lower pricing if market conditions allow. The Company has $25,000 outstanding under this competitive bid option as of December 31, 2005 priced at LIBOR plus 0.29%, or 4.48%. The Company is subject to (i) certain customary covenants under the unsecured credit facility, including, but not limited to, maintaining certain maximum leverage ratios, a minimum fixed charges coverage ratio and minimum unencumbered assets and equity levels and (ii) prohibitions on paying dividends in amounts that exceed 95% of the Company’s Funds from Operations, as defined therein, except as may be required to maintain the Company’s REIT status. The credit facility matures in May 2008, assuming exercise of a one-year renewal option by the Company.

F-16


 

4. Stockholders’ Equity
As of both December 31, 2005 and 2004, the Company had authorized for issuance 140,000,000 and 50,000,000 shares of common and preferred stock, respectively. As of December 31, 2005 the Company has the following series of redeemable preferred stock outstanding at a stated value of $100,000. This series has no stated maturity and is not subject to any sinking fund or mandatory redemptions.
                     
    Shares outstanding   Payable   Annual   Liquidation   Non-redeemable
Series   December 31, 2005   quarterly   rate   preference   prior to
 
                   
H
  4,000,000   March, June, September, December   8.70%   $25.00   October 15, 2008
 
                   
Dividends on the preferred stock are cumulative from the date of original issue and are payable quarterly in arrears on or before the 15th day of each month as stated in the table above. The preferred stock is not redeemable prior to the date stated in the table above, but on or after the stated date, may be redeemed for cash at the option of the Company in whole or in part at a redemption price of $25.00 per share, plus all accrued and unpaid dividends, if any.
During the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company (i) issued 903,162 shares of common stock in connection with stock options exercised, (ii) issued 49,263 shares of common stock in exchange for the redemption of an equal number of DownREIT limited partnership units, (iii) issued 13,372 shares to employees under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan, (iv) issued 8,971 shares of common stock to a member of the Board of Directors in fulfillment of a deferred stock award, (v) issued 1,295 shares through the Company’s dividend reinvestment plan, (vi) issued 165,790 common shares in connection with stock grants to employees of which 80% are restricted, (vii) had forfeitures of 9,965 shares of restricted stock grants to employees and (viii) withheld 50,916 shares to satisfy employees’ tax withholding and other liabilities.
Dividends per common share for the year ended December 31, 2005 were $2.84, and for each of the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003 were $2.80 per share. In 2005 and 2004, average dividends for all non-redeemed preferred shares during the year were $2.18 per share, and no preferred shares were redeemed. In 2003, average dividends for preferred shares redeemed during the year were $0.27 per share and average dividends for all non-redeemed preferred shares were $2.18 per share.
In 2004, the Company resumed its Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan (the “DRIP”). The DRIP allows for holders of the Company’s common stock or preferred stock to purchase shares of common stock through either reinvested dividends or optional cash payments. The purchase price per share for newly issued shares of common stock under the DRIP will be equal to the last reported sale price for a share of the Company’s common stock as reported by the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) on the applicable investment date.
5. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
The Company has historically used interest rate swap and cap agreements (collectively, the “Hedged Derivatives”) to reduce the impact of interest rate fluctuations on its variable rate, tax-exempt bonds and its variable rate conventional secured debt. The Company has not entered into any interest rate hedge agreements or treasury locks for its conventional unsecured debt and does not hold interest rate hedge agreements for trading or other speculative purposes. As of December 31, 2005, the Hedged Derivatives fix approximately $67,000 of the Company’s tax-exempt debt at a weighted average interest rate of 6.3% through interest rate swaps. In addition, as of December 31, 2005, the Company has Hedged Derivatives on approximately $166,000 of its variable rate debt, which floats at a weighted average coupon interest rate of 4.5% and has been capped at a weighted average interest rate of 8.0% through interest rate caps. These Hedged Derivatives have maturity dates ranging from 2007 to 2010. The Hedged Derivatives are accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 133. SFAS No. 133 requires that every derivative instrument be recorded on the balance sheet as either an asset or liability measured at its fair value, with changes in fair value recognized currently in earnings unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met.
The Company has determined that its Hedged Derivatives qualify as effective cash-flow hedges under SFAS No. 133, resulting in the Company recording the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the Hedged Derivatives in other comprehensive income. Amounts recorded in other comprehensive income will be reclassified into earnings in the period in which

F-17


 

earnings are affected by the hedged cash flow. To adjust the Hedged Derivatives to their fair value, the Company recorded unrealized gains to other comprehensive income of $2,626, $1,116 and $4,428 during the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The estimated amount, included in accumulated other comprehensive income as of December 31, 2005, expected to be reclassified into earnings within the next twelve months to offset the variability of cash flow during this period is not material.
The Company assesses, both at inception and on an on-going basis, the effectiveness of all hedges in offsetting cash flow of hedged items. Hedge ineffectiveness did not have a material impact on earnings and the Company does not anticipate that it will have a material effect in the future. The fair values of the obligations under the Hedged Derivatives are included in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.
By using derivative financial instruments to hedge exposures to changes in interest rates, the Company exposes itself to credit risk and market risk. The credit risk is the risk of a counterparty not performing under the terms of the Hedged Derivatives. The counterparties to these Hedged Derivatives are major financial institutions which have an A+ or better credit rating by the Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group. The Company monitors the credit ratings of counterparties and the amount of the Company’s debt subject to Hedged Derivatives with any one party. Therefore, the Company believes the likelihood of realizing material losses from counterparty non-performance is remote. Market risk is the adverse effect of the value of financial instruments that results from a change in interest rates. The market risk associated with interest-rate contracts is managed by the establishment and monitoring of parameters that limit the types and degree of market risk that may be undertaken. These risks are managed by the Company’s Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President — Finance.
6. Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
Investments in Unconsolidated Real Estate Entities
As of December 31, 2005, all of the Company’s investments in unconsolidated real estate entities were originated prior to and had not been modified since June 29, 2005, and were not considered variable interest entities under FIN 46. Therefore, these investments are accounted for in accordance with SOP 78-9 and APB Opinion No. 18. As of December 31, 2005, the Company had investments in the following real estate entities.
  •   Town Run Associates was formed as a general partnership in November 1994 to develop, own and operate Avalon Run, a 426 apartment-home community located in Lawrenceville, New Jersey. Since formation of this venture, the Company has invested $1,803 and, following a preferred return on all contributed equity (which was not achieved in 2005), has a 40% ownership and cash flow interest with a 49% residual economic interest. The Company is responsible for the day-to-day operations of the Avalon Run community and is the management agent subject to the terms of a management agreement. The development of Avalon Run was funded entirely through equity contributions from Avalon as well as the other venture partner, and therefore Avalon Run is not subject to any outstanding debt as of December 31, 2005. This community is unconsolidated for financial reporting purposes and is accounted for under the equity method.
 
  •   Town Grove, LLC was formed as a limited liability corporation in December 1997 to develop, own and operate Avalon Grove, a 402 apartment-home community located in Stamford, Connecticut. Since formation of this venture, the Company has invested $14,653 and, following a preferred return on all contributed equity (which was achieved in 2005), has a 50% ownership and a 50% cash flow and residual economic interest. The Company is responsible for the day-to-day operations of the Avalon Grove community and is the management agent subject to the terms of a management agreement. The development of Avalon Grove was funded through contributions from the Company and the other venture partner, and therefore Avalon Grove is not subject to any outstanding debt as of December 31, 2005. This community is unconsolidated for financial reporting purposes and is accounted for under the equity method.
 
  •   Avalon Terrace, LLC — The Company acquired Avalon Bedford, a 368 apartment-home community located in Stamford, Connecticut in December 1998. In May 2000, the Company transferred Avalon Bedford to Avalon Terrace, LLC and subsequently admitted a joint venture partner, while retaining a 25% ownership interest in this limited liability company for an investment of $5,394 and a right to

F-18


 

      50% of cash flow distributions after achievement of a threshold return (which was not achieved in 2005). The Company is responsible for the day-to-day operations of the Avalon Bedford community and is the management agent subject to the terms of a management agreement. In 2005, Avalon Bedford refinanced its outstanding debt. As of December 31, 2005, Avalon Bedford has $37,200 in 5.2% fixed rate debt outstanding, which matures in November 2010. As part of the refinancing, the Company received a distribution of $3,714. Avalon Bedford’s debt is neither guaranteed by nor recourse to the Company. This community is unconsolidated for financial reporting purposes and is accounted for under the equity method.
 
  •   Arna Valley View LP — In connection with the municipal approval process for the development of a consolidated community, the Company agreed to participate in the formation of a limited partnership in February 1999 to develop, finance, own and operate Arna Valley View, a 101 apartment-home community located in Arlington, Virginia. This community has affordable rents for 100% of apartment homes related to the tax-exempt bond financing and tax credits used to finance construction of the community. A subsidiary of the Company is the general partner of the partnership with a 0.01% ownership interest. The Company is responsible for the day-to-day operations of the community and is the management agent subject to the terms of a management agreement. As of December 31, 2005, Arna Valley View has $5,843 of variable rate, tax-exempt bonds outstanding, which mature in June 2032. In addition, Arna Valley View has $4,805 of 4% fixed rate county bonds outstanding that mature in December 2030. Arna Valley View’s debt is neither guaranteed by nor recourse to the Company. Due to the Company’s limited ownership and investment in this venture, it is accounted for using the cost method.
 
  •   CVP I, LLC — In February 2004, the Company entered into a joint venture agreement with an unrelated third-party for the development of Avalon Chrystie Place I, a 361 apartment-home community located in New York, New York, for which construction was completed in late 2005. The Company has contributed $6,270 to this joint venture and holds a 20% equity interest (with a right to 50% of distributions after achievement of a threshold return, which was not achieved in 2005). The Company is the managing member of CVP I, LLC, however property management services at the community are performed by a third party. As of December 31, 2005, CVP I, LLC has a variable rate construction loan in the amount of $117,000 outstanding which matures in February 2009. In connection with the general contractor services that the Company provided to CVP I, LLC during the development of Avalon Chrystie Place I, the Company has provided a construction completion guarantee to the construction loan lender in order to fulfill their standard financing requirements related to the construction financing. Under the terms of the guarantee, in the event of default, the Company would be required to make payment for any excess cost to complete construction over any undisbursed loan proceeds. The obligation of the Company under this guarantee will terminate once all of the lender’s standard completion requirements have been satisfied, which the Company expects to occur in early 2006. As construction of Avalon Chrystie Place I is complete, no liability for this guarantee is recorded as of December 31, 2005. This community is unconsolidated for financial reporting purposes and is accounted for under the equity method.
 
  •   Avalon Del Rey Apartments, LLC — In March 2004, the Company entered into an agreement with an unrelated third-party which provides that, after the Company completes construction of Avalon Del Rey, the community will be owned and operated by a joint venture between the Company and the third-party. Avalon Del Rey, if developed as expected, will be a 309 apartment-home community located in Los Angeles, California. Upon construction completion, the third-party venture partner will invest $49,000 and will be granted a 70% ownership interest in the venture, with the Company retaining a 30% equity interest. The Company will be responsible for the day-to-day operations of the community and will be the management agent subject to the terms of a management agreement. Avalon Del Rey Apartments, LLC has a variable rate $50,000 secured construction loan, of which $32,547 is outstanding as of December 31, 2005 and which matures in September 2007. In conjunction with the general contractor services that the Company provides to Avalon Del Rey Apartments, LLC, the Company has provided a construction completion guarantee to the construction loan lender in order to fulfill their standard financing requirements related to construction financing. The obligation of the Company under this guarantee will terminate following construction completion once all of the lender’s standard completion requirements have been satisfied, which the Company expects to occur in 2007. The Company consolidates this community for financial reporting purposes since it holds a 100% equity interest. However, the Company expects this community to be unconsolidated for financial reporting purposes in periods subsequent to the contribution by the third-party venture partner.

F-19


 

  •   Juanita Construction, Inc. — In April 2004, the Company entered into an agreement to develop Avalon at Juanita Village, a 211 apartment-home community located in Kirkland, Washington, for which construction was completed in late 2005. Avalon at Juanita Village was developed through Juanita Construction, Inc., a wholly-owned taxable REIT subsidiary and, upon completion of certain conditions precedent to closing, will contribute the community to a joint venture. Upon contribution of the community to the joint venture, the Company expects to be reimbursed for all costs incurred to develop the community (approximately $45,300). The third-party joint venture partner will receive a 100% equity interest in the joint venture and will manage the joint venture. The Company will receive a residual profits interest and will be engaged to manage the community for a property management fee. The Company consolidates this community for financial reporting purposes since it holds a 100% equity interest. However, the Company expects this community to be unconsolidated for financial reporting purposes after it is contributed to the joint venture.
 
  •   Mission Bay Venture Partners, LLC — In December 2004, the Company entered into a joint venture agreement with an unrelated third-party for the development of Avalon at Mission Bay North II. Avalon at Mission Bay North II, if developed as expected, will be a 313 apartment-home community located in San Francisco, California. The Company has contributed $5,902 to this venture and holds a 25% equity interest. The Company will be responsible for the day-to-day operations of the community and will be the management agent subject to the terms of a management agreement. Mission Bay Venture Partners, LLC has a variable rate $94,400 secured construction loan, of which $28,354 is outstanding as of December 31, 2005 and which matures in September 2010, assuming exercise of two one-year extensions. In conjunction with the general contractor services that the Company provides to Mission Bay Venture Partners, LLC, the Company has provided a construction completion guarantee to the construction loan lender in order to fulfill their standard financing requirements related to construction financing. Under the terms of the guarantee, in the event of default, the Company would be required to make payment for any excess cost to complete construction over any undisbursed loan proceeds. The obligation of the Company under this guarantee will terminate following construction completion once all of the lender’s standard completion requirements have been satisfied, which the Company expects to occur in 2007. The Company does not expect there to be any excess cost to complete construction, as the construction of Avalon at Mission Bay North II is currently on budget, therefore no liability for this guarantee has been recorded by the Company at December 31, 2005. This community is unconsolidated for financial reporting purposes and is accounted for under the equity method.
 
  •   AvalonBay Value Added Fund, L.P., (the “Fund”) — In March 2005, the Company admitted outside investors into the Fund, a private, discretionary investment vehicle, which will acquire and operate communities in the Company’s markets. The Fund will serve, until March 16, 2008 or until 80% of its committed capital is invested, as the exclusive vehicle through which the Company will acquire apartments communities, subject to certain exceptions. The Fund has nine institutional investors, including the Company, and combined capital commitments of $330,000. A significant portion of the investments made in the Fund by its investors are being made through AvalonBay Value Added Fund, Inc., a Maryland corporation that will qualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code (the “Fund REIT”). A wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company is the general partner of the Fund and has committed $50,000 to the Fund and the Fund REIT, representing a 15.2% combined general partner and limited partner equity interest, with $11,581 of this commitment funded as of December 31, 2005. Under the Fund documents, the Fund has the ability to employ leverage of up to 65% on a portfolio basis, which, if achieved, would enable the Fund to invest up to approximately $940,000. Upon the admittance of the outside investors, the Fund held four communities, containing a total of 879 apartment homes with an aggregate gross real estate value of $112,852, that were acquired in 2004. Prior to the admittance of outside investors, the Fund was directly or indirectly wholly-owned by the Company, and therefore the revenues and expenses, and assets and liabilities of these four communities were consolidated in the Company’s results of operations and financial position. However, upon admittance of the outside investors in March 2005, the Company deconsolidated the revenue and expenses, and assets and liabilities of these four communities and accounts for its 15.2% equity interest in the Fund under the equity method of accounting. Although the Company holds less than a 20% equity interest in the Fund, the Company accounts for the Fund under the equity method due to its significant influence over the Fund. The Company received net proceeds of $87,948 as reimbursement for acquiring and warehousing these communities. The Company receives asset management fees, property management fees and redevelopment fees, as well as a promoted interest if certain thresholds are met (which were not achieved in 2005).

F-20


 

      As of December 31, 2005, the Fund owns the following communities, subject to certain mortgage debt. In addition, as of December 31, 2005, the Fund has $37,100 outstanding under its variable rate credit facility, which matures in January 2008. The Company has not guaranteed the debt, nor does it have any obligation to fund this debt should the Fund be unable to do so.
 
  •   Avalon at Redondo Beach, a 105 apartment-home community located in Los Angeles, California. As of December 31, 2005, Avalon at Redondo Beach has $16,765 in 4.8% fixed rate debt outstanding, which matures in October 2011;
 
 
  •   Avalon Lakeside, a 204 apartment-home community located in Chicago, Illinois. As of December 31, 2005, Avalon Lakeside has $7,960 in 6.9% fixed rate debt outstanding, which matures in February 2028 (but can be prepaid after February 2008 without penalty); 
 
  •   Avalon Columbia, a 170 apartment-home community located in Baltimore, Maryland. As of December 31, 2005, Avalon Columbia has $16,575 in 5.3% fixed rate debt outstanding, which matures in April 2012;
 
  •   Ravenswood at the Park, a 400 apartment-home community located in Chicago, Illinois. As of December 31, 2005, Ravenswood at the Park has $31,500 in 5.0% fixed rate debt outstanding, which matures in July 2012;
 
  •   Avalon at Poplar Creek, a 196 apartment-home community located in Chicago, Illinois. As of December 31, 2005, Avalon at Poplar Creek has $16,500 in 4.8% fixed rate debt outstanding, which matures in October 2012;
 
  •   Fuller Martel, an 82 apartment-home community located in Los Angeles, California;
 
  •   Civic Center Place, a 192 apartment-home community located in Norwalk, California. As of December 31, 2005, Civic Center Place has $23,806 in 5.3% fixed rate debt outstanding, which matures in August 2013; and
 
  •   Paseo Park, a 134 apartment-home community located in Fremont, California.
In addition, as part of the formation of the Fund, the Company has provided to one of the limited partners a guarantee. The guarantee provides that, if, upon final liquidation of the Fund, the total amount of all distributions to that partner during the life of the Fund (whether from operating cash flow or property sales) does not equal the total capital contributions made by that partner, then the Company will pay the partner an amount equal to the shortfall, but in no event more than 10% of the total capital contributions made by the partner (maximum of approximately $1,700 as of December 31, 2005). The Company has not recorded a liability related to this guarantee as of December 31, 2005, as the fair value of the real estate assets owned by the Fund is considered adequate to cover such payment under a liquidation scenario.

F-21


 

The following is a combined summary of the financial position of the entities accounted for using the equity method, as of the dates presented:
                 
    12-31-05     12-31-04  
Assets:
               
Real estate, net
  $ 491,919     $ 221,236  
Other assets
    86,247       86,821  
 
           
Total assets
  $ 578,166     $ 308,057  
 
           
Liabilities and partners’ equity:
               
Mortgage notes payable and credit facility
  $ 349,260     $ 139,500  
Other liabilities
    27,497       32,579  
Partners’ equity
    201,409       135,978  
 
           
Total liabilities and partners’ equity
  $ 578,166     $ 308,057  
 
           
 
The following is a combined summary of the operating results of the entities accounted for using the equity method, for the years presented:
                         
    For the year ended
    12-31-05     12-31-04     12-31-03  
Rental income
  $ 37,133     $ 21,148     $ 20,939  
Operating and other expenses
    (20,364 )     (8,291 )     (8,038 )
Interest expense, net
    (7,585 )     (1,786 )     (1,688 )
Depreciation expense
    (8,875 )     (4,003 )     (3,986 )
 
                 
Net income
  $ 309     $ 7,068     $ 7,227  
 
                 
In March 2005, the Company purchased its joint venture partner’s interest in AvalonBay Redevelopment, LLC, the limited liability company that owns Avalon on the Sound. Avalon on the Sound, a 412 apartment-home community located in the New York, New York metropolitan area, was developed through the joint venture in 2001. The Company purchased the third-party partner’s 75% equity interest in the joint venture for a gross purchase price (including the impact of the Company’s share of promoted interest) of $84,521. After consideration of the third-party partner’s pro rata share of outstanding debt, as well as the Company’s share of promoted interest, the net purchase price was $57,415. In conjunction with the purchase transaction, the third-party lender to the limited liability company received a payment of $36,142 in consideration of the outstanding debt, of which $9,036 was the Company’s share of such payment. Prior to December 31, 2004, the Company had a repurchase option for Avalon on the Sound and accounted for its investment as a profit-sharing arrangement as required by SFAS No. 66, “Accounting for Sales of Real Estate.” As a result, the revenues and expenses, and assets and liabilities of Avalon on the Sound were included in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements for periods prior to December 31, 2004. The income allocated to the controlling partner is shown as venture partner interest in profit-sharing on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003. The repurchase option expired in December 2004, and therefore as of December 31, 2004 and for the three months ended March 31, 2005, the Company accounted for its 25% interest in Avalon on the Sound under the equity method of accounting. Due to the purchase of the remaining 75% equity interest, this entity is consolidated as of December 31, 2005 and for the period from April 1, 2005 through December 31, 2005.

F-22


 

Investments in Unconsolidated Non-Real Estate Entities
At December 31, 2004, the Company held a minority interest investment in one non-real estate entity, which was a technology investment (Rent.com). Based on ownership and control criteria, the Company accounted for this investment using the cost method. In February 2005, this technology investment was acquired by a third-party. As a result of this transaction, the Company received net proceeds of approximately $6,700 and recognized a gain on the sale of this investment of $6,252, which is reflected in equity in income of unconsolidated entities on the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations and Other Comprehensive Income for the year ended December 31, 2005.
The following is a summary of the Company’s equity in income of unconsolidated entities for the years presented:
                         
    For the year ended  
    12-31-05     12-31-04     12-31-03  
Town Grove, LLC
  $ 1,286     $ 950     $ 1,158  
Falkland Partners, LLC(1)
    —       —       24,255  
Avalon at Chrystie Place
    (339 )     —       —  
Town Run Associates
    266       43       214  
Avalon Terrace, LLC
    58       (28 )     (21 )
Avalon at Mission Bay North II
    (57 )     —       —  
Avalon Bay Value Added Fund, L.P.
    (341 )     —       —  
Avalon on the Sound
    73       —       —  
Rent.com
    6,252       135       (71 )
 
                 
Total
  $ 7,198     $ 1,100     $ 25,535  
 
                 
(1)   The activity for the year ended December 31, 2003 includes the Company’s share of the GAAP gain reported by Falkland Partners, LLC as a result of the sale of Falkland Chase in the amount of $21,816 and the liquidation of the limited liability company’s assets in the amount of $1,632. The sale of Falkland Chase resulted in net proceeds to the Company of $16,729.
7. Discontinued Operations — Real Estate Assets Sold or Held for Sale
During the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company sold seven communities, containing a total of 1,305 apartment homes. These communities were sold for a gross sales price of approximately $351,450, resulting in net proceeds of $344,185 and a GAAP gain of $192,469. Details regarding the community asset sales are summarized in the following table:
                                             
        Period     Apartment             Gross sales     Net  
Community Name   Location   of sale     homes     Debt     price     proceeds  
Avalon at Penasquitos Hills
  San Diego, CA     1Q05       176     $ —     $ 34,250     $ 33,657  
Avalon Sunnyvale
  Sunnyvale, CA     1Q05       220       —       45,000       44,324  
Avalon Lake
  Danbury, CT     2Q05       135       —       37,700       36,869  
Avalon Crossing
  Rockville, MD     3Q05       132       —       44,500       43,896  
Avalon Fremont II
  Fremont, CA     3Q05       135       —       39,500       38,273  
Avalon Wildwood
  Lynnwood, WA     3Q05       238       —       44,500       43,047  
The Tower at Avalon Cove
  Jersey City, NJ     4Q05       269       —       106,000       103,669  
 
                                   
Total of all 2005 asset sales
                1,305     $ —     $ 351,450     $ 344,185  
 
                                   
Total of all 2004 asset sales
                1,360     $ 38,735     $ 241,050     $ 210,001  
 
                                   
Total of all 2003 asset sales
                3,184     $ 39,665     $ 424,650     $ 379,789  
 
                                   

F-23


 

As of December 31, 2005, the Company had three communities that qualified as held for sale under the provisions of SFAS No. 144. The Company anticipates selling these three communities in the next twelve months. As required under SFAS No. 144, the operations for any communities sold from January 1, 2003 through December 31, 2005 and communities held for sale as of December 31, 2005 have been presented as discontinued operations in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements. Accordingly, certain reclassifications have been made in prior years to reflect discontinued operations consistent with current year presentation. The following is a summary of income from discontinued operations for the years presented:
                         
    For the year ended  
    12-31-05     12-31-04     12-31-03  
Rental income
  $ 26,867     $ 48,018     $ 75,981  
Operating and other expenses
    (8,684 )     (15,646 )     (26,705 )
Interest expense, net
    —       (525 )     (2,399 )
Minority interest expense
    —       (37 )     (438 )
Depreciation expense
    (3,241 )     (10,676 )     (15,071 )
 
                 
Income from discontinued operations
  $ 14,942     $ 21,134     $ 31,368  
 
                 
The Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets include other assets (excluding net real estate) of $485 and $1,497, and other liabilities of $1,837 and $3,407 as of December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively, relating to real estate assets sold or held for sale. The estimated proceeds less anticipated costs to sell the real estate assets held for sale as of December 31, 2005 are greater than the carrying value as of December 31, 2005, and therefore no provision for possible loss was recorded.
During the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company decided to relocate one of its regional offices and as a result sold an office building in Connecticut. This office building, which was owned through a limited partnership in which the Company is the general partner with majority ownership, was sold for a purchase price of $7,650, resulting in a GAAP gain of $2,818. In addition, the Company sold three parcels of land, one located in Dublin, California, one in Madison, Washington and one in Freehold, New Jersey, for an aggregate gross sales price of $23,620 and an aggregate GAAP gain of $4,479. The Company recorded an impairment loss in the amount of $3,000 in 2002 related to one of these land parcels to reflect the land at fair value based on its entitlement status at the time it was determined to be land held for sale.
8. Commitments and Contingencies
Employment Agreements and Arrangements
As of December 31, 2005, the Company had employment agreements with four executive officers. The employment agreements provide for severance payments and generally provide for accelerated vesting of stock options and restricted stock in the event of a termination of employment (except for a termination by the Company with cause or a voluntary termination by the employee). The current terms of these agreements ends on dates that vary between November 2006 and June 2007. The employment agreements provide for one-year automatic renewals (two years in the case of the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”)) after the initial term unless an advance notice of non-renewal is provided by either party. Upon a notice of non-renewal by the Company, each of the officers may terminate his employment and receive a severance payment. Upon a change in control, the agreements provide for an automatic extension of up to three years from the date of the change in control. The employment agreements provide for base salary and incentive compensation in the form of cash awards, stock options and stock grants subject to the discretion of, and attainment of performance goals established by, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors.
In February 2005, the Company announced certain management changes including the departure of a senior executive who became entitled to severance benefits in accordance with the terms of his employment agreement with the Company. The Company entered into an agreement with this executive regarding his departure that is consistent with the terms of his employment agreement and provides for a consulting arrangement for up to one year. The Company recorded a charge of approximately $2,100 in the year ended December 31, 2005 related to cash payments associated with this agreement. This charge is included in general and administrative expense on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive Income.

F-24


 

The Company’s stock incentive plan, as described in Note 10, “Stock-Based Compensation Plans,” provides that upon an employee’s Retirement (as defined in the plan documents) from the Company, all outstanding stock options and restricted shares of stock held by the employee will vest, and the employee will have up to 12 months to exercise any options held upon retirement. Under the plan, Retirement means a termination of employment, other than for cause, after attainment of age 50, provided that (i) the employee has worked for the Company for at least 10 years, (ii) the employee’s age at Retirement plus years of employment with the Company equals at least 70, (iii) the employee provides at least six months written notice of his intent to retire, and (iv) the employee enters into a one year non-compete and employee non-solicitation agreement.
The Company also has an Officer Severance Program (the “Program”) for the benefit of those officers of the Company who do not have employment agreements. Under the Program, in the event an officer who is not otherwise covered by a severance arrangement is terminated (other than for cause) within two years of a change in control (as defined) of the Company, such officer will generally receive a cash lump sum payment equal to the sum of such officer’s base salary and cash bonus, as well as accelerated vesting of stock options and restricted stock. Costs related to the Company’s employment agreements and the Program are accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies,” and therefore are recognized when considered by management to be probable and estimable.
Legal Contingencies
The Company is subject to various legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. These matters are frequently covered by insurance. If it has been determined that a loss is probable to occur, the estimated amount of the loss is expensed in the financial statements. While the resolution of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, management believes the final outcome of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on the financial position or results of operations of the Company.
The Company is currently involved in construction litigation with a general contractor and a surety bond provider related to a community that has since completed development. A non-jury trial ended in April 2004, and in May 2004, the court issued a ruling, finding that these parties were liable to the Company for consequential damages due to breach of contract and other failures to perform. The court issued a ruling in October 2004, awarding the Company approximately $1,250 plus interest. In September 2005, the Company filed an appeal to seek an increase in the damage award and the general contractor and surety has filed an appeal seeking a reduction. There is no guarantee that a higher, or any, damage award, will be received by the Company after all appeals are filed and a final ruling is provided.
The Company is currently involved in a lawsuit regarding the handling of security deposits in California. The lawsuit alleges that the amounts withheld by the Company from security deposits at the end of tenancies exceeded the Company’s actual damages. The Company has agreed with the plaintiff on the terms of a settlement with the purported class. The settlement terms have been approved by the court, subject to final certification and approval after administration of the settlement, which is expected in April 2006. During the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company accrued $1,500 related to this and other various litigation matters.
On September 23, 2005, the Equal Rights Center, an advocacy group for the disabled, filed a lawsuit against the Company alleging that communities constructed by the Company violate the accessibility requirements of the Fair Housing Act and the Americans with Disabilities Act. The lawsuit seeks monetary damages as well as injunctive relief, such as modifications to existing assets. Due to the preliminary nature of the litigation, the Company cannot predict or determine the outcome of this lawsuit, nor is it reasonably possible to estimate the amount of loss, if any, that would be associated with an adverse decision.

F-25


 

Lease Obligations
The Company owns five apartment communities which are located on land subject to land leases expiring between July 2029 and March 2142. In addition, the Company leases certain office space. These leases are accounted for as operating leases in accordance with SFAS No. 13, “Accounting for Leases.” These leases have varying escalation terms, and three of these leases have purchase options exercisable between 2006 and 2052. The Company incurred costs of $4,486, $4,399 and $3,348 in the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively, related to these leases.
The following table details the future minimum lease payments under the Company’s current operating leases:
                     
Payments due by period
2006   2007   2008   2009   2010   Thereafter
 
                   
$3,454
  $3,495   $3,420   $2,986   $3,058   $1,168,680
During the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company executed a purchase option on one of its land leases, for a purchase price of approximately $14,000. Lease payments for this lease totaled $880 for the year ended December 31, 2005.
9. Segment Reporting
The Company’s reportable operating segments include Established Communities, Other Stabilized Communities, and Development/Redevelopment Communities. Annually as of January 1st, the Company determines which of its communities fall into each of these categories and maintains that classification, unless disposition plans regarding a community change, throughout the year for the purpose of reporting segment operations.
  •   Established Communities (also known as Same Store Communities) are communities where a comparison of operating results from the prior year to the current year is meaningful, as these communities were owned and had stabilized occupancy and operating expenses as of the beginning of the prior year. For the year 2005, the Established Communities are communities that are consolidated for financial reporting purposes, had stabilized occupancy and operating expenses as of January 1, 2004, are not conducting or planning to conduct substantial redevelopment activities and are not held for sale or planned for disposition within the current year. A community is considered to have stabilized occupancy at the earlier of (i) attainment of 95% physical occupancy or (ii) the one-year anniversary of completion of development or redevelopment.
 
  •   Other Stabilized Communities includes all other completed communities that have stabilized occupancy, as defined above. Other Stabilized Communities do not include communities that are conducting or planning to conduct substantial redevelopment activities within the current year.
 
  •   Development/Redevelopment Communities consists of communities that are under construction and have not received a final certificate of occupancy, communities where substantial redevelopment is in progress or is planned to begin during the current year and communities under lease-up, that had not reached stabilized occupancy, as defined above, as of January 1, 2005.
In addition, the Company owns land held for future development and has other corporate assets that are not allocated to an operating segment.
SFAS No. 131, “Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information,” requires that segment disclosures present the measure(s) used by the chief operating decision maker for purposes of assessing such segments’ performance. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is comprised of several members of its executive management team who use Net Operating Income (“NOI”) as the primary financial measure for Established and Other Stabilized Communities. NOI is defined by the Company as total revenue less direct property operating expenses, including property taxes, and excludes corporate-level property management and other indirect operating expenses, investments and investment management, interest income and expense, general and administrative expense, equity in income of unconsolidated entities, minority interest in consolidated partnerships, venture partner interest in profit-sharing, depreciation expense, cumulative effect of change in accounting principle, gain on sale of real estate assets and income from discontinued operations. Although the Company considers NOI a useful measure of a community’s or communities’ operating performance, NOI should not be considered an alternative to net income or net cash flow from operating activities, as determined in accordance with GAAP.

F-26


 

A reconciliation of NOI to net income for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 is as follows:
                         
    For the year ended  
    12-31-05     12-31-04     12-31-03  
                         
Net income
  $ 322,378     $ 219,745     $ 271,525  
Corporate-level property management and other indirect operating expenses
    31,243       27,956       27,123  
Corporate-level other income
    (4,568 )     (1,344 )     (1,520 )
Investments and investment management
    4,834       4,690       2,948  
Interest expense, net
    127,099       131,103       130,178  
General and administrative expense
    25,761       18,074       14,830  
Equity in income of unconsolidated entities
    (7,198 )     (1,100 )     (25,535 )
Minority interest in consolidated partnerships
    1,481       150       950  
Venture partner interest in profit-sharing
    —       1,178       1,688  
Depreciation expense
    158,822       151,991       138,725  
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
    —       (4,547 )     —  
Gain on sale of real estate assets
    (199,766 )     (122,425 )     (160,990 )
Income from discontinued operations
    (14,942 )     (21,134 )     (31,368 )
 
                 
Net operating income
  $ 445,144     $ 404,337     $ 368,554  
 
                 
The primary performance measure for communities under development or redevelopment depends on the stage of completion. While under development, management monitors actual construction costs against budgeted costs as well as lease-up pace and rent levels compared to budget.
The table on the following page provides details of the Company’s segment information as of the dates specified. The segments are classified based on the individual community’s status as of the beginning of the given calendar year. Therefore, each year the composition of communities within each business segment is adjusted. Accordingly, the amounts between years are not directly comparable. The accounting policies applicable to the operating segments described above are the same as those described in Note 1, “Organization and Significant Accounting Policies.” Segment information for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 has been adjusted for the communities that were sold from January 1, 2003 through December 31, 2005 as described in Note 7, “Discontinued Operations — Real Estate Assets Sold or Held for Sale.”

F-27


 

                                 
    Total             % NOI change     Gross  
    revenue     NOI     from prior year     real estate (1)  
For the year ended December 31, 2005                                
 
                               
Established
                               
Northeast
  $ 167,636     $ 111,734       3.5 %   $ 1,062,981  
Mid-Atlantic
    68,575       48,613       3.9 %     387,801  
Midwest
    11,113       6,627       7.1 %     91,755  
Pacific Northwest
    30,080       19,312       8.0 %     315,331  
Northern California
    146,432       99,769       3.5 %     1,489,363  
Southern California
    48,800       35,319       6.7 %     331,315  
 
                       
Total Established
    472,636       321,374       4.2 %     3,678,546  
 
                       
Other Stabilized
    77,552       50,621       n/a       653,399  
Development / Redevelopment
    116,144       73,149       n/a       1,259,371  
Land Held for Future Development
    n/a       n/a       n/a       188,414  
Non-allocated (2)
    4,348       n/a       n/a       22,066  
 
                               
 
                       
Total
  $ 670,680     $ 445,144       10.1 %   $ 5,801,796  
 
                       
 
                               
For the year ended December 31, 2004
                               
 
                               
Established
                               
Northeast
  $ 135,059     $ 89,547       (2.5 %)   $ 722,482  
Mid-Atlantic
    51,390       36,316       (0.2 %)     273,774  
Midwest
    10,734       6,188       6.8 %     91,121  
Pacific Northwest
    28,836       17,874       1.1 %     314,717  
Northern California
    126,196       87,067       (5.9 %)     1,270,848  
Southern California
    56,124       39,634       1.8 %     401,204  
 
                       
Total Established
    408,339       276,626       (1.2 %)     3,074,146  
 
                       
Other Stabilized
    111,894       71,744       n/a       1,068,859  
Development / Redevelopment
    93,096       55,967       n/a       1,074,733  
Land Held for Future Development
    n/a       n/a       n/a       156,350  
Non-allocated (2)
    515       n/a       n/a       27,401  
 
                               
 
                       
Total
  $ 613,844     $ 404,337       9.7 %   $ 5,401,489  
 
                       
 
                               
For the year ended December 31, 2003
                               
 
                               
Established
                               
Northeast
  $ 136,132     $ 89,383       (9.2 %)   $ 767,035  
Mid-Atlantic
    57,014       40,159       (4.5 %)     307,777  
Midwest
    16,141       8,553       (16.7 %)     140,631  
Pacific Northwest
    24,410       15,015       (12.1 %)     264,760  
Northern California
    126,484       89,878       (11.9 %)     1,219,242  
Southern California
    41,051       28,851       (20.4 %)     290,192  
 
                       
Total Established
    401,232       271,839       (11.2 %)     2,989,637  
 
                       
Other Stabilized
    77,370       52,152       n/a       706,601  
Development / Redevelopment
    77,714       44,563       n/a       1,197,218  
Land Held for Future Development
    n/a       n/a       n/a       81,358  
Non-allocated (2)
    1,197       n/a       n/a       23,946  
 
                               
 
                       
Total
  $ 557,513     $ 368,554       (0.2 %)   $ 4,998,760  
 
                       
(1)   Does not include gross real estate assets for discontinued operations of $101,372, $295,655 and $432,997 as of December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 respectively.
 
(2)   Revenue represents third-party management, accounting and developer fees and miscellaneous income which are not allocated to a reportable segment.

F-28


 

10. Stock-Based Compensation Plans
The Company has a stock incentive plan (the “1994 Plan”), which was amended and restated on December 8, 2004. Individuals who are eligible to participate in the 1994 Plan include officers, other associates, outside directors and other key persons of the Company and its subsidiaries who are responsible for or contribute to the management, growth or profitability of the Company and its subsidiaries. The 1994 Plan authorizes (i) the grant of stock options that qualify as incentive stock options (“ISOs”) under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code, (ii) the grant of stock options that do not so qualify, (iii) grants of shares of restricted and unrestricted common stock, (iv) grants of deferred stock awards, (v) performance share awards entitling the recipient to acquire shares of common stock and (vi) dividend equivalent rights.
Shares of common stock of 2,066,308, 2,311,249 and 2,358,393 were available for future option or restricted stock grant awards under the 1994 Plan as of December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Annually on January 1st the maximum number available for issuance under the 1994 Plan is increased by between 0.48% and 1.00% of the total number of shares of common stock and DownREIT units actually outstanding on such date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the maximum number of shares of stock for which ISOs may be issued under the 1994 Plan shall not exceed 2,500,000 and no awards shall be granted under the 1994 Plan after May 11, 2011. Options and restricted stock granted under the 1994 Plan vest and expire over varying periods, as determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors.
Before the Merger, Avalon had adopted its 1995 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Avalon 1995 Incentive Plan”). Under the Avalon 1995 Incentive Plan, a maximum number of 3,315,054 shares (or 2,546,956 shares as adjusted for the Merger) of common stock were issuable, plus any shares of common stock represented by awards under Avalon’s 1993 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “Avalon 1993 Plan”) that were forfeited, canceled, reacquired by Avalon, satisfied without the issuance of common stock or otherwise terminated (other than by exercise). Options granted to officers, non-employee directors and associates under the Avalon 1995 Incentive Plan generally vested over a three-year term, expire ten years from the date of grant and are exercisable at the market price on the date of grant.
In connection with the Merger, the exercise prices and the number of options under the Avalon 1995 Incentive Plan and the Avalon 1993 Plan were adjusted to reflect the equivalent Bay shares and exercise prices based on the 0.7683 share conversion ratio used in the Merger. Officers, non-employee directors and associates with Avalon 1995 Incentive Plan or Avalon 1993 Plan options may exercise their adjusted number of options for the Company’s common stock at the adjusted exercise price. As of June 4, 1998, the date of the Merger, options and other awards ceased to be granted under the Avalon 1993 Plan or the Avalon 1995 Incentive Plan. Accordingly, there were no options to purchase shares of common stock available for grant under the Avalon 1995 Incentive Plan or the Avalon 1993 Plan at December 31, 2005, 2004 or 2003.

F-29


 

Information with respect to stock options granted under the 1994 Plan, the Avalon 1995 Incentive Plan and the Avalon 1993 Plan is as follows:
                                 
            Weighted     Avalon 1995     Weighted  
            average     and Avalon     average  
    1994 Plan     exercise price     1993 Plan     exercise price  
    shares     per share     shares     per share  
                                 
Options Outstanding, December 31, 2002
    3,166,007     $ 39.05       640,506     $ 35.27  
Exercised
    (454,843 )     32.36       (165,264 )     29.39  
Granted
    425,101       37.14       —       —  
Forfeited
    (157,000 )     43.45       (1,280 )     34.07  
 
                       
Options Outstanding, December 31, 2003
    2,979,265     $ 39.57       473,962     $ 37.32  
 
                       
Exercised
    (1,167,679 )     39.06       (287,700 )     37.05  
Granted
    545,809       50.71       —       —  
Forfeited
    (80,577 )     43.98       —       —  
 
                       
Options Outstanding, December 31, 2004
    2,276,818     $ 42.39       186,262     $ 36.23  
 
                       
Exercised
    (743,524 )     41.89       (159,638 )     37.82  
Granted
    725,988       70.09       —       —  
Forfeited
    (29,504 )     55.66       —       —  
 
                       
Options Outstanding, December 31, 2005
    2,229,778     $ 51.40       26,624     $ 37.09  
 
                       
 
                               
Options Exercisable:
                               
December 31, 2003
    2,069,704     $ 38.51       473,962     $ 37.32  
 
                       
December 31, 2004
    1,366,009     $ 39.72       186,262     $ 38.15  
 
                       
December 31, 2005
    1,158,591     $ 42.45       26,624     $ 37.09  
 
                       
For options outstanding at December 31, 2005 under the 1994 Plan, 653,310 options had exercise prices ranging between $31.50 and $39.99 and a weighted average remaining contractual life of 4.1 years, 425,308 options had exercise prices ranging between $40.00 and $49.99 and a weighted average remaining contractual life of 5.7 years, 441,408 options had exercise prices between $50.00 and $59.99 and a weighted average remaining contractual life of 8.13 years, 705,252 options had exercise prices ranging between $69.93 and $79.99 and a weighted average remaining contractual life of 9.3 years, and 4,500 options had exercise prices between $80.00 and $86.65 and a weighted average remaining contractual life of 9.72 years. Options outstanding at December 31, 2005 for the Avalon 1993 and Avalon 1995 Plans had exercise prices ranging from $28.15 to $37.66 and a weighted average contractual life of 2 years.
Effective January 1, 2003, the Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123 prospectively to all employee awards granted, modified, or settled on or after January 1, 2003. The effect on net income available to common stockholders and earnings per share if the fair value based method had been applied to all outstanding and unvested awards in each year based on the fair market value as determined on the date of grant is reflected in Note 1, “Organization and Significant Accounting Policies.”
The weighted average fair value of the options granted during 2005 is estimated at $6.40 per share on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions: dividend yield of 5.5% over the expected life of the option, volatility of 17.56%, risk-free interest rates of 3.91% and an expected life of approximately 7 years. The weighted average fair value of the options granted during 2004 is estimated at $3.87 per share on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions: dividend yield of 6.05% over the expected life of the option, volatility of 17.28%, risk-free interest rates of 3.58% and an expected life of approximately 7 years. The weighted average fair value of the options granted during 2003 is estimated at $1.94 per share on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions: dividend yield of 7.56% over the expected life of the option, volatility of 18.68%, risk-free interest rates of 3.31% and an expected life of approximately 7 years. The cost related to stock-based employee compensation for employee stock options included in the determination of net income is based on actual forfeitures for the given year.

F-30


 

In October 1996, the Company adopted the 1996 Non-Qualified Employee Stock Purchase Plan (as amended, the “ESPP”). Initially 1,000,000 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under this plan. There are currently 800,142 shares remaining available for issuance under the plan. Full-time employees of the Company generally are eligible to participate in the ESPP if, as of the last day of the applicable election period, they have been employed by the Company for at least one month. All other employees of the Company are eligible to participate provided that as of the applicable election period they have been employed by the Company for twelve months. Under the ESPP, eligible employees are permitted to acquire shares of the Company’s common stock through payroll deductions, subject to maximum purchase limitations. The purchase period is a period of seven months beginning each April 1 and ending each October 30. The purchase price for common stock purchased under the plan is 85% of the lesser of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the first day of the applicable purchase period or the last day of the applicable purchase period. The offering dates, purchase dates and duration of purchase periods may be changed by the Board of Directors, if the change is announced prior to the beginning of the affected date or purchase period. The Company issued 13,372 shares, 14,476 shares and 14,393 shares and recognized compensation expense of $134, $109 and $95 under the ESPP for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The Company accounts for transactions under the ESPP using the fair value method prescribed under SFAS No. 123, as further discussed in Note 1, “Organization and Significant Accounting Policies.”
11. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Cash and cash equivalent balances are held with various financial institutions and may at times exceed the applicable Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation limit. The Company monitors credit ratings of these financial institutions and the concentration of cash and cash equivalent balances with any one financial institution and believes the likelihood of realizing material losses from the excess of cash and cash equivalent balances over insurance limits is remote.
The following estimated fair values of financial instruments were determined by management using available market information and established valuation methodologies, including discounted cash flow. Accordingly, the estimates presented are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could realize on disposition of the financial instruments. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.
  •   Cash equivalents, rents receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, and other liabilities are carried at their face amounts, which reasonably approximate their fair values.
 
  •   Bond indebtedness and notes payable with an aggregate carrying value of approximately $2,301,000 and $2,350,000 had an estimated aggregate fair value of $2,426,000, and $2,541,000 at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
12. Related Party Arrangements
Unconsolidated Entities
The Company manages unconsolidated real estate entities for which it receives asset management, property management, development and redevelopment fee revenue. From these entities, the Company received fees of $4,304, $604 and $931 in the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 respectively. These fees are included in management, development and other fees on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive Income.
In addition, in connection with the general contractor services that the Company provided to CVP I, LLC, the entity that owns and developed Avalon Chrystie Place I, the Company has funded certain construction costs on behalf of CVP I, LLC and expects to be reimbursed through draws from escrowed bond proceeds. As of December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, the Company has recorded a receivable from CVP I, LLC in the amounts of $2,365 and $19,983, respectively. The Company provides similar services to Mission Bay Venture Partners, LLC, the entity that owns and is developing Avalon at Mission Bay North II. The Company has funded $6,653 in construction costs on behalf of Mission Bay Venture Partners, LLC as of December 31, 2005 and has recorded a corresponding receivable from Mission Bay Venture Partners, LLC. The Company expects to be reimbursed through draws on a construction loan.

F-31


 

The Company is generally reimbursed for the funding of construction costs by both CVP I, LLC and Mission Bay Venture Partners, LLC within 30 to 60 days. These receivables are included in prepaid expenses and other assets on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Director Compensation
The Company’s 1994 Plan provides that directors of the Company who are also employees receive no additional compensation for their services as a director. On May 14, 2003, the Company’s Board of Directors approved an amendment to the 1994 Plan pursuant to which, in lieu of the stock and option awards described above, each non-employee director would receive, following the 2004 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and each annual meeting thereafter, (i) a number of shares of restricted stock (or deferred stock awards) having a value of $100 based on the last reported sale price of the common stock on the NYSE on the fifth business day following the prior year’s annual meeting and (ii) $30 cash, payable in quarterly installments of $7.5. A non-employee director may elect to receive all or a portion of such cash payment in the form of a deferred stock award. In addition, the Lead Independent Director receives an annual fee of $30 payable in equal monthly installments of $2.5. The Company recorded non-employee director compensation expense relating to the restricted stock grants, deferred stock awards and stock options in the amount of $966, $940 and $824 in the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 respectively. Deferred compensation relating to these restricted stock grants, deferred stock awards and stock options was $579 and $748 on December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively. In December 31, 2005, one of the Company’s directors resigned due to a disability. The Company accelerated the vesting of all outstanding equity awards at that date.
13. Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited)
The following summary represents the quarterly results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004:
                                 
    For the three months ended  
    3-31-05     6-30-05     9-30-05     12-31-05  
                                 
Total revenue
  $ 161,245     $ 165,586     $ 170,751     $ 173,098  
Income from continuing operations
  $ 27,861     $ 25,360     $ 26,885     $ 27,564  
Income from discontinued operations
  $ 41,749     $ 31,551     $ 72,243     $ 69,165  
Net income available to common stockholders
  $ 67,435     $ 54,736     $ 96,953     $ 94,554  
Net income per common share — basic
  $ 0.93     $ 0.75     $ 1.32     $ 1.29  
Net income per common share — diluted
  $ 0.92     $ 0.74     $ 1.30     $ 1.26  
                                 
    For the three months ended  
    3-31-04     6-30-04     9-30-04     12-31-04  
                                 
Total revenue
  $ 146,262     $ 151,393     $ 156,496     $ 159,693  
Income from continuing operations
  $ 15,169     $ 17,494     $ 17,374     $ 21,602  
Income from discontinued operations
  $ 5,561     $ 17,539     $ 27,992     $ 92,467  
Net income available to common stockholders
  $ 23,102     $ 32,858     $ 43,191     $ 111,894  
Net income per common share — basic
  $ 0.33     $ 0.46     $ 0.60     $ 1.55  
Net income per common share — diluted
  $ 0.32     $ 0.46     $ 0.60     $ 1.52  
14. Subsequent Events
In January 2006, the Company sold two communities to unrelated third parties. Avalon Estates, a garden-style community located in Boston, Massachusetts, containing 162 apartment homes, was sold for a sales price of $34,550. Avalon Cupertino, a garden-style community located in San Jose, California, containing 311 apartment homes, was sold for a sales price of $88,000. The disposition of these two communities resulted in an aggregate GAAP gain of approximately $66,000. These two communities were classified as held for sale under the provisions of SFAS No. 144 as of December 31, 2005 (see Note 7, “Discontinued Operations — Real Estate Assets Sold or Held for Sale”).

F-32


 

AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
December 31, 2005
(Dollars in thousands)
                                                                             
    Initial Cost             Total Cost                            
            Building /     Costs             Building /                                    
            Construction in     Subsequent to             Construction in                     Total Cost, Net of             Year of
            Progress &     Acquisition /             Progress &             Accumulated     Accumulated             Completion /
    Land     Improvements     Construction     Land     Improvements     Total     Depreciation     Depreciation     Encumbrances     Acquisition
Current Communities
                                                                           
 
                                                                           
Avalon at Center Place
  $ —     $ 26,816     $ 1,654     $ —     $ 28,470     $ 28,470     $ 8,455     $ 20,015     $ —     1991/1997
Avalon at Crane Brook
    12,381       41,843       87       12,381       41,930       54,311       2,008       52,303       —     2005
Avalon at Faxon Park
    1,136       14,019       366       1,136       14,385       15,521       4,026       11,495       —     1998
Avalon at Flanders Hill
    3,572       33,504       103       3,572       33,607       37,179       3,974       33,205       21,935     2003
Avalon at Lexington
    2,124       12,599       1,110       2,124       13,709       15,833       5,323       10,510       12,834     1994
Avalon at Newton Highlands
    11,038       45,279       311       11,038       45,590       56,628       3,724       52,904       38,905     2003
Avalon at Prudential Center
    25,811       104,399       26,291       25,811       130,690       156,501       30,813       125,688       —     1968/1998
Avalon at Steven’s Pond
    10,704       43,431       171       10,704       43,602       54,306       3,429       50,877       —     2004
Avalon at The Pinehills I
    3,623       16,233       37       3,623       16,270       19,893       773       19,120       —     2004
Avalon Essex
    5,230       15,483       1,040       5,230       16,523       21,753       3,465       18,288       —     2000
Avalon Estates
    1,972       18,167       219       1,972       18,386       20,358       2,952       17,406       —     2001
Avalon Ledges
    2,627       32,900       744       2,627       33,644       36,271       4,270       32,001       19,290     2002
Avalon Oaks
    2,129       18,640       435       2,129       19,075       21,204       4,672       16,532       17,324     1999
Avalon Oaks West
    3,303       13,316       228       3,303       13,544       16,847       1,930       14,917       17,145     2002
Avalon Orchards
    2,975       18,037       64       2,975       18,101       21,076       2,464       18,612       20,136     2002
Avalon Summit
    1,743       14,654       578       1,743       15,232       16,975       5,165       11,810       —     1986/1996
Avalon West
    943       9,881       468       943       10,349       11,292       3,309       7,983       8,259     1996
Essex Place
    4,643       19,003       82       4,643       19,085       23,728       880       22,848       —     2004
Avalon at Greyrock Place
    13,819       55,846       676       13,819       56,522       70,341       6,942       63,399       —     2002
Avalon Corners
    6,305       24,179       1,373       6,305       25,552       31,857       5,133       26,724       —     2000
Avalon Danbury
    4,905       30,385       1       4,905       30,386       35,291       491       34,800       —     2005
Avalon Darien
    6,922       34,543       48       6,922       34,591       41,513       2,613       38,900       —     2004
Avalon Gates
    4,414       31,305       1,222       4,414       32,527       36,941       9,617       27,324       —     1997
Avalon Glen
    5,956       23,993       2,064       5,956       26,057       32,013       10,454       21,559       —     1991
Avalon Haven
    1,264       11,762       908       1,264       12,670       13,934       2,568       11,366       —     2000
Avalon Milford I
    8,746       22,675       —       8,746       22,675       31,421       1,094       30,327       —     2004
Avalon New Canaan
    4,835       19,484       —       4,835       19,484       24,319       2,456       21,863       —     2002
Avalon on Stamford Harbor
    10,836       51,620       402       10,836       52,022       62,858       6,426       56,432       —     2003
Avalon Orange
    2,108       19,823       —       2,108       19,823       21,931       548       21,383       —     2005
Avalon Springs
    2,116       14,512       509       2,116       15,021       17,137       4,573       12,564       —     1996
Avalon Valley
    2,277       22,424       1,492       2,277       23,916       26,193       5,689       20,504       —     1999
Avalon Walk I & II
    9,102       48,796       1,474       9,102       50,270       59,372       19,643       39,729       —     1992/1994
Avalon at Glen Cove South
    7,871       59,704       —       7,871       59,704       67,575       3,013       64,562       —     2004
Avalon Commons
    4,679       28,552       371       4,679       28,923       33,602       8,467       25,135       —     1997
Avalon Court
    9,228       48,920       1,537       9,228       50,457       59,685       12,371       47,314       —     1997/2000
Avalon Pines I
    6,178       44,133       1       6,178       44,134       50,312       1,202       49,110       —     2005
Avalon Towers
    3,118       12,709       5,357       3,118       18,066       21,184       5,391       15,793       —     1990/1995
Avalon at Edgewater
    14,529       60,061       337       14,529       60,398       74,927       8,988       65,939       —     2002
Avalon at Florham Park
    6,647       34,639       457       6,647       35,096       41,743       6,554       35,189       —     2001
Avalon Cove
    8,760       82,356       1,448       8,760       83,804       92,564       25,415       67,149       —     1997
Avalon at Freehold
    4,116       30,191       219       4,116       30,410       34,526       4,415       30,111       —     2002
Avalon Run East
    1,579       14,669       110       1,579       14,779       16,358       4,744       11,614       —     1996

F - 33


 

AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
December 31, 2005
(Dollars in thousands)
                                                                             
    Initial Cost             Total Cost                            
            Building /     Costs             Building /                                    
            Construction in     Subsequent to             Construction in                     Total Cost, Net of             Year of
            Progress &     Acquisition /             Progress &             Accumulated     Accumulated             Completion /
    Land     Improvements     Construction     Land     Improvements     Total     Depreciation     Depreciation     Encumbrances     Acquisition
Avalon Run East II
    6,765       45,319       —       6,765       45,319       52,084       1,798       50,286       —     2005
Avalon Watch
    5,585       22,394       2,158       5,585       24,552       30,137       10,394       19,743       —     1988
Avalon Gardens
    8,428       45,706       683       8,428       46,389       54,817       13,003       41,814       —     1998
Avalon Green
    1,820       10,525       481       1,820       11,006       12,826       3,966       8,860       —     1995
Avalon on the Sound
    —       116,128       231       —       116,359       116,359       14,855       101,504       —     2001
Avalon Riverview I
    —       94,246       196       —       94,442       94,442       11,170       83,272       —     2002
Avalon View
    3,529       14,140       1,430       3,529       15,570       19,099       6,217       12,882       16,465     1993
Avalon Willow
    6,207       39,852       1,335       6,207       41,187       47,394       8,904       38,490       —     2000
The Avalon
    2,889       28,273       173       2,889       28,446       31,335       6,469       24,866       —     1999
Avalon at Fairway Hills I & II
    4,147       16,600       1,642       4,147       18,242       22,389       6,797       15,592       11,500     1987/1996
Avalon at Fairway Hills III
    4,465       17,864       5,908       4,465       23,772       28,237       6,360       21,877       —     1987/1996
Avalon at Symphony Glen
    1,594       6,384       1,330       1,594       7,714       9,308       3,526       5,782       9,780     1986
Avalon Landing
    1,849       7,409       770       1,849       8,179       10,028       3,120       6,908       6,044     1984/1995
AutumnWoods
    6,096       24,400       722       6,096       25,122       31,218       7,990       23,228       —     1989/1996
Avalon at Arlington Square
    22,041       90,253       250       22,041       90,503       112,544       13,855       98,689       —     2001
Avalon at Ballston - Washington Towers
    7,291       29,177       1,482       7,291       30,659       37,950       12,169       25,781       —     1989
Avalon at Cameron Court
    10,292       32,931       222       10,292       33,153       43,445       9,323       34,122       —     1998
Avalon at Decoverly
    6,157       24,800       1,079       6,157       25,879       32,036       9,207       22,829       —     1991/1995
Avalon at Foxhall
    6,848       27,614       9,598       6,848       37,212       44,060       12,304       31,756       —     1982
Avalon at Gallery Place I
    9,084       39,378       354       9,084       39,732       48,816       3,657       45,159       —     2003
Avalon at Grosvenor Station
    24,751       56,291       411       24,751       56,702       81,453       3,916       77,537       —     2004
Avalon at Providence Park
    2,152       8,907       462       2,152       9,369       11,521       2,856       8,665       —     1988/1997
Avalon at Rock Spring
    —       45,834       201       —       46,035       46,035       4,837       41,198       —     2003
Avalon at Traville
    14,360       55,531       —       14,360       55,531       69,891       3,504       66,387       —     2004
Avalon Crescent
    13,851       43,401       319       13,851       43,720       57,571       13,216       44,355       —     1996
Avalon Fields I & II
    4,047       18,553       150       4,047       18,703       22,750       6,089       16,661       10,705     1998
Avalon Knoll
    1,528       6,136       1,535       1,528       7,671       9,199       3,442       5,757       12,239     1985
200 Arlington Place
    9,728       39,527       905       9,728       40,432       50,160       7,243       42,917       —     1987/2000
Avalon at Danada Farms
    7,535       30,444       577       7,535       31,021       38,556       8,640       29,916       —     1997
Avalon at Stratford Green
    4,326       17,569       268       4,326       17,837       22,163       4,904       17,259       —     1997
Avalon at West Grove
    5,149       20,657       5,229       5,149       25,886       31,035       7,280       23,755       —     1967
Avalon at Bear Creek
    6,786       27,035       945       6,786       27,980       34,766       7,344       27,422       —     1998
Avalon Bellevue
    6,664       23,908       290       6,664       24,198       30,862       4,359       26,503       —     2001
Avalon Belltown
    5,644       12,453       326       5,644       12,779       18,423       2,063       16,360       —     2001
Avalon Brandemoor
    8,630       36,679       275       8,630       36,954       45,584       6,224       39,360       —     2001
Avalon HighGrove
    7,569       32,035       172       7,569       32,207       39,776       5,830       33,946       —     2000
Avalon Juanita Village
    10,052       34,025       —       10,052       34,025       44,077       473       43,604       —     #N/A
Avalon ParcSquare
    3,789       15,093       362       3,789       15,455       19,244       3,062       16,182       —     2000
Avalon Redmond Place
    4,558       17,504       4,105       4,558       21,609       26,167       6,451       19,716       —     1991/1997
Avalon RockMeadow
    4,777       19,671       264       4,777       19,935       24,712       3,932       20,780       —     2000
Avalon WildReed
    4,253       18,676       134       4,253       18,810       23,063       3,663       19,400       —     2000
Avalon Wynhaven
    11,412       41,142       180       11,412       41,322       52,734       6,969       45,765       —     2001
Avalon at Union Square
    4,249       16,820       1,444       4,249       18,264       22,513       4,946       17,567       —     1973/1996
Avalon at Willow Creek
    6,581       26,583       2,450       6,581       29,033       35,614       7,768       27,846       —     1985/1994

F - 34


 

AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
December 31, 2005
(Dollars in thousands)
                                                                             
    Initial Cost             Total Cost                            
            Building /     Costs             Building /                                    
            Construction in     Subsequent to             Construction in                     Total Cost, Net of             Year of
            Progress &     Acquisition /             Progress &             Accumulated     Accumulated             Completion
    Land     Improvements     Construction     Land     Improvements     Total     Depreciation     Depreciation     Encumbrances     / Acquisition
Avalon Dublin
    5,276       19,642       2,470       5,276       22,112       27,388       5,766       21,622       —     1989/1997
Avalon Fremont I
    10,746       43,399       1,761       10,746       45,160       55,906       12,062       43,844       —     1991/1992
Avalon Pleasanton
    11,610       46,552       3,232       11,610       49,784       61,394       13,687       47,707       —     1988/1994
Waterford
    11,324       45,717       3,851       11,324       49,568       60,892       13,697       47,195       33,100     1985/1986
Avalon at Cedar Ridge
    4,230       9,659       12,247       4,230       21,906       26,136       6,021       20,115       —     1972/1997
Avalon at Diamond Heights
    4,726       19,130       1,263       4,726       20,393       25,119       5,501       19,618       —     1972/1994
Avalon at Mission Bay North
    13,814       78,832       —       13,814       78,832       92,646       7,705       84,941       —     2003
Avalon at Nob Hill
    5,403       21,567       1,086       5,403       22,653       28,056       5,927       22,129       20,800     1990/1995
Avalon Foster City
    7,852       31,445       4,041       7,852       35,486       43,338       9,105       34,233       —     1973/1994
Avalon Pacifica
    6,125       24,796       962       6,125       25,758       31,883       6,816       25,067       17,600     1971/1995
Avalon Sunset Towers
    3,561       21,321       3,849       3,561       25,170       28,731       7,271       21,460       —     1961/1996
Avalon Towers by the Bay
    9,155       57,630       217       9,155       57,847       67,002       12,619       54,383       —     1999
Crowne Ridge
    5,982       16,885       9,841       5,982       26,726       32,708       7,139       25,569       —     1973/1996
Avalon at Blossom Hill
    11,933       48,313       1,505       11,933       49,818       61,751       13,191       48,560       —     1995
Avalon at Cahill Park
    4,760       47,354       411       4,760       47,765       52,525       5,823       46,702       —     2002
Avalon at Creekside
    6,546       26,301       10,445       6,546       36,746       43,292       9,186       34,106       —     1962/1997
Avalon at Foxchase I & II
    11,340       45,532       3,427       11,340       48,959       60,299       13,355       46,944       26,400     1988/1987
Avalon at Parkside
    7,406       29,823       813       7,406       30,636       38,042       8,167       29,875       —     1991/1996
Avalon at Pruneyard
    3,414       15,469       13,071       3,414       28,540       31,954       7,949       24,005       —     1968/1997
Avalon at River Oaks
    8,904       35,126       959       8,904       36,085       44,989       9,435       35,554       —     1990/1996
Avalon Campbell
    11,830       47,828       425       11,830       48,253       60,083       12,736       47,347       38,800     1995
Avalon Cupertino
    9,099       39,926       132       9,099       40,058       49,157       10,997       38,160       —     1999
Avalon Mountain View
    9,755       39,393       2,041       9,755       41,434       51,189       11,099       40,090       18,300     1986
Avalon on the Alameda
    6,119       50,164       198       6,119       50,362       56,481       12,233       44,248       —     1999
Avalon Rosewalk
    15,814       62,028       736       15,814       62,764       78,578       16,065       62,513       —     1997/1999
Avalon Silicon Valley
    20,713       99,573       1,535       20,713       101,108       121,821       26,468       95,353       —     1997
Avalon Towers on the Peninsula
    9,560       56,021       169       9,560       56,190       65,750       7,600       58,150       —     2002
CountryBrook
    9,384       34,958       4,314       9,384       39,272       48,656       10,466       38,190       16,586     1985/1996
San Marino
    6,607       26,673       1,348       6,607       28,021       34,628       7,550       27,078       —     1984/1988
Avalon at Media Center
    22,483       28,104       25,486       22,483       53,590       76,073       13,485       62,588       —     1961/1997
Avalon at Warner Center
    7,045       12,986       6,712       7,045       19,698       26,743       6,113       20,630       —     1979/1998
Avalon Glendale
    —       39,920       313       —       40,233       40,233       3,265       36,968       —     2003
Avalon Woodland Hills
    23,828       40,372       7,872       23,828       48,244       72,072       14,520       57,552       —     1989/1997
The Promenade
    14,052       56,820       131       14,052       56,951       71,003       6,978       64,025       32,100     1988/2002
Avalon at Pacific Bay
    4,871       19,745       7,508       4,871       27,253       32,124       7,270       24,854       —     1971/1997
Avalon at South Coast
    4,709       16,063       4,475       4,709       20,538       25,247       5,756       19,491       —     1973/1996
Avalon Mission Viejo
    2,517       9,257       1,843       2,517       11,100       13,617       3,061       10,556       7,635     1984/1996
Avalon Newport
    1,975       3,814       4,564       1,975       8,378       10,353       2,236       8,117       —     1956/1996
Avalon Santa Margarita
    4,607       16,911       2,627       4,607       19,538       24,145       5,349       18,796       —     1990/1997
Avalon at Cortez Hill
    2,768       20,134       11,629       2,768       31,763       34,531       8,207       26,324       —     1973/1998
Avalon at Mission Bay
    9,922       40,633       15,639       9,922       56,272       66,194       14,354       51,840       —     1969/1997
Avalon at Mission Ridge
    2,710       10,924       8,654       2,710       19,578       22,288       5,296       16,992       —     1960/1997
 
                                                                           
         
 
  $ 888,217     $ 4,180,092     $ 288,844     $ 888,217     $ 4,468,936     $ 5,357,153     $ 936,060     $ 4,421,093     $ 433,882      
         

F - 35


 

AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
December 31, 2005
(Dollars in thousands)
                                                                             
    Initial Cost             Total Cost                            
            Building /     Costs             Building /                                    
            Construction in     Subsequent to             Construction in                     Total Cost, Net of             Year of
            Progress &     Acquisition /             Progress &             Accumulated     Accumulated             Completion
    Land     Improvements     Construction     Land     Improvements     Total     Depreciation     Depreciation     Encumbrances     / Acquisition
Development Communities
                                                                           
 
                                                                           
Avalon at Bedford Center
  $ 1,792     $ 22,339     $ —     $ 1,792     $ 22,339     $ 24,131     $ 45     $ 24,086     $ —     NA
Avalon at Decoverly II
    —       12,225       —       —       12,225       12,225       —       12,225       —     NA
Avalon at Glen Cove North
    —       4,684       —       —       4,684       4,684       —       4,684       —     NA
Avalon Lyndhurst
    —       31,261       —       —       31,261       31,261       —       31,261       —     NA
Avalon Wilshire
    —       17,587       —       —       17,587       17,587       —       17,587       —     NA
Avalon Camarillo
    —       34,330       —       —       34,330       34,330       —       34,330       —     NA
Avalon Chestnut Hill
    —       27,767       —       —       27,767       27,767       —       27,767       —     NA
Avalon Chrystie Place II
    —       30,067       —       —       30,067       30,067       —       30,067       —     NA
Avalon Danvers
    —       8,896       —       —       8,896       8,896       —       8,896       —     NA
Avalon Del Rey
    —       56,570       —       —       56,570       56,570       —       56,570       32,547     NA
Avalon Pines II
    —       18,709       —       —       18,709       18,709       —       18,709       —     NA
Avalon Shrewsbury
    —       9,266       —       —       9,266       9,266       —       9,266       —     NA
Avalon Woburn
    —       6,104       —       —       6,104       6,104       —       6,104       —     NA  
 
                                                                           
         
 
  $ 1,792     $ 279,805     $ —     $ 1,792     $ 279,805     $ 281,597     $ 45     $ 281,552     $ 32,547      
         
 
                                                                           
Land held for development
    188,414       —       —       188,414       —       188,414       —       188,414       24,153      
Corporate Overhead
    1,565       11,761       62,678       1,565       74,439       76,004       21,275       54,729       1,875,982      
         
 
  $ 1,079,988     $ 4,471,658     $ 351,522     $ 1,079,988     $ 4,823,180     $ 5,903,168     $ 957,380     $ 4,945,788     $ 2,366,564      
         

F - 36


 

AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION

December 31, 2005
(Dollars in thousands)
Amounts include real estate assets held for sale.
Depreciation of AvalonBay Communities, Inc. building, improvements, upgrades and furniture, fixtures and equipment (FF&E) is calculated over the following useful lives, on a straight line basis:
Building — 30 years
Improvements, upgrades and FF&E — not to exceed 7 years
The aggregate cost of total real estate for Federal income tax purposes was approximately $5,903,000 at December 31, 2005.
The changes in total real estate assets for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 are as follows:
                         
    Years ended December 31,  
    2005     2004     2003  
Balance, beginning of period
  $ 5,697,144     $ 5,431,757     $ 5,369,453  
Acquisitions, construction costs and improvements
    528,118       520,643       369,818  
Dispositions, including impairment loss on planned dispositions
    (322,094 )     (255,256 )     (307,514 )
 
                 
Balance, end of period
  $ 5,903,168     $ 5,697,144     $ 5,431,757  
 
                 
The changes in accumulated depreciation for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, are as follows:
                         
    Years ended December 31,  
    2005     2004     2003  
Balance, beginning of period
  $ 819,319     $ 695,368     $ 584,022  
Depreciation, including discontinued operations
    162,063       162,667       153,796  
Dispositions
    (24,002 )     (38,716 )     (42,450 )
 
                 
Balance, end of period
  $ 957,380     $ 819,319     $ 695,368  
 
                 

F-37